Arturo Carsetti

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Arturo Carsetti
Born(1940-04-25)April 25, 1940
NationalityItalian
Alma materSapienza University of Rome
AwardsMember of European Academy of Sciences and Arts
RegionWestern philosophy
SchoolAnalytic
Enactive Realism
InstitutionsUniversity of Trieste
University of Bari
University of Rome
Main interests
Philosophy of science
Epistemology
Philosophy of mind
Metabiology
Websitewww.arturocarsetti.it

Arturo Carsetti is an Italian Philosopher of sciences and former Professor of philosophy of science at the University of Bari and the University of Rome Tor Vergata. He is the editor of the Italian Journal for the philosophy of science La Nuova Critica[1] founded in 1957 by Valerio Tonini.[1][2][3] He is notable for his contributions, also as a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, to philosophy of science, epistemology, metabiology, cognitive science, semantics and philosophy of mind.[2][4]

Biography

Arturo Carsetti received a degree in philosophy (cum laude) from the

University of Rome La Sapienza. Initially he was the principal investigator of the research program S.I.R. at the Italian National Research Council (CNR). In 1973 he was appointed assistant of psychology at the University of Rome La Sapienza. From 1975 to 1980 he taught logic at the University of Trieste and he was full Professor of philosophy of science since 1980 until 2012 at the University of Bari and University of Rome Tor Vergata.[2]
From 1992 to 1995 he was Head of the Department of Philosophy of the University of Rome Tor Vergata.

Influenced by Vittorio Somenzi,

École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales
and Konrad Lorenz Institut of Vienna.

In the 1980s and 1990s, also as a result of a long-term collaboration with Stephen Gossberg and other scholars, he edited many volumes and special issues of La Nuova Critica[7] devoted to Cognitive Science and Complexity Theory.[2] He is member of the following scientific Societies: SILFS (until 2011), SFI, AST, SIBPA, CiE, IACAP and he has been the Editor-in-chief of the international journal La Nuova Critica[3] since 1984. He was also Co-Editor of the journals: Evolution and Cognition and Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftsforschung and he is member of the advisory board of the Logic and Philosophy of Science journal. He has been the Director of the International Agreement of Scientific Collaboration stipulated by the Universities of Graz and Rome Tor Vergata. Since 1996 Carsetti is European Evaluator and in 2012 he joined the European Academy of Sciences and Arts. In the period 1981-2010 he organized 18 International Conferences, Colloquia and Workshops and participated in multiple Colloquia and Meetings in Philosophy of Sciences all over the world.[2] From 1981 to 2005 he was member of the Scientific Committee of the University of Rome Tor Vergata. In the period 1994-1997 he was the National Coordinator of a group of research in the field of Philosophy of Science at the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (Italy) (MIUR). During 1995 and 1997 he was the National Coordinator of a group of research in the field of Philosophy of Science at the CNR. From 2000 to 2010 he coordinated five Research Projects at MIUR, (PRIN 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008). From 2011 to 2018 he coordinated three other Research Projects at LNC. At the moment he is the international Coordinator of the Research Project "LNC, IPR, Eigenforms, self-organizing models and morphogenesis". He investigated in particular the mathematical and epistemological aspects concerning the functional structures of (human) perception in its link with intentionality and with reference to the development of the embodiment process. Major attention was devoted to the introduction of the innovative concept of "self-organizing model" in order to explain, in mathematical terms, why at the level of life and cognition the function cannot but self-organize together with its meaning.[2] He is the author of 5 volumes (a next volume is at press) and about 126 papers in international scientific journals. He has edited 10 volumes.[2]

Philosophical and scientific views

According to Carsetti's main thesis, it is necessary to take note, pace Immanuel Kant, that, at the level of a biological cognitive system, sensibility is not a simple interface between absolute chance and an invariant intellectual order. On the contrary, the reference procedures, if successful, appear able to modulate canalization at the level of embodiment process thus setting the stage for the appearance of ever-new frames of incompressibility through morphogenesis. In Carsetti's opinion, the real problem is represented not by the subject's discovery and exploration of ever new territories (according to the well known and many shared view held by the great scholar Hilary Putnam), but by his coming to offer himself as a matrix and arch in view of the autonomous release of new biological landscapes in accordance with ever increasing levels of complexity. There is no casual autonomous process already in existence, and no possible selection and synthesis activity via a possible "remnant" through reference procedures considered as a form of simple regimentation. "These procedures - he writes - are in actual fact functional to the construction and irruption of new incompressibility: meaning, as Forma formans, offers the possibility of creating a holistic anchorage, and that's is exactly what allows the categorial apparatus to emerge and act according to a coherent 'arborization' ".[8] As Carsetti maintains: "The new invention, which is born then shapes and opens the (new) eyes of the mind: I see as a mind because new meaning is able to articulate and take root through me".[8] At the biological level, what is innate is the result of an evolutionary process and is programmed by natural selection.

Thus, natural selection, in Carsetti's opinion, appears as the coder (once linked to the emergence of meaning): at the same time at the biological level this emergence process is indissolubly correlated to the continuous construction of new formats in accordance with the unfolding of ever new mathematics, a mathematics that necessarily moulds coder's activity. Hence the necessity of articulating and inventing a mathematics capable of engraving itself in an evolutionary landscape in accordance with the opening up of meaning. In this sense, for instance, the realms of non standard-models and non-standard analysis represent, today, as Carsetti writes: "...a fruitful perspective in order to point out, in mathematical terms, some of the basic concepts concerning the articulation of an adequate intentional information theory".[9] This individuation, on the other side, presents itself, in his view, not only as an important theoretical achievement but also as one of the essential bases of our very evolution as intelligent organisms.

With respect to this theoretical mainframe, and in accordance with Heinz von Foerster (1981)[10] and Louis Kauffman (2003),[11] the two scholars, that is to say, to which Carsetti makes continuous reference in his works, Carsetti assumes that the objects of our experience are the fixed points of specific operators, these operators are the structure of our perception: the single object is an eigenform. Actually, in his opinion, at the level of the observation process, a continuous interaction takes place between the individual subject and the world, an interaction that produces stabilities which therefore become objects, i.e. the objects that populate our perceptual world. In this sense, perceptual activity appears conditioned by the unfolding of the embodiment process and is linked to the cues offered by Reflexivity to meaning in action. In Carsetti's opinion, it is necessary, however, to emphasize that the classic reflexive models to the extent that they do not appear capable of creatively exploring the structures of reality are not really able to account for the creativity and continuous metamorphosis that characterize cognitive activity. They do not loosen the knot related to the intricate relationships between invariance and morphogenesis and do not arise in relation to the actual realization of a specific embodiment. Hence the importance of making reference to theoretical tools more complex and variegated as, for instance, non-standard mathematics and complexity theory, in order to provide an adequate basis for the afore mentioned exploration.

As Carsetti shows in 2012 in his volume Epistemic Complexity and Knowledge Construction, by referring to this particular and very simple theoretical "landscape", it is possible to realize that the constraints imposed by specific selective pressures (operating in ambient meaning and articulating in accordance with suitable non-standard procedures) at the level of the dynamics of an original cellular (dissipative) automaton can, actually, permit a more complex canalization of the informational fluxes at stake. In particular, they can allow the unfolding of silent potentialities, the full expression of generative principles never before revealed and, consequently, the effective expression of new autonomous processes of production of varied complexity. In this way, there is the real possibility, in his opinion, to preserve the deep insights outlined by Gregory Chaitin relative to the mathematical substratum underlying biological evolution. In particular, it will then be possible to take into account some general themes concerning, for instance, the role played, at the level of the development of living beings, by: 1) meaning in action; 2) the computational membranes; 3) those specific processes that determine that particular emergence of ever-new biological structures that distinguishes natural evolution. Hence, in his opinion, the possibility to enter, according to a more precise mathematical formalism, the mystery concerning, at the biological level, the stratified and hierarchical development of the differentiation processes.

As Carsetti remarks: "The intentionality belonging to meaning manages, through the brain’s channeling, to rise to the surface of the incarnated coder, constituting itself as membrane able to mirror in itself the coder's nesting by programs".[12] According to Carsetti, the result is a surfacing "countenance" and an extended arborization revealing itself at surface level (in that life traverses it) as a design-web of connections unified by a living intentionality finally expressing itself as true harmony. "This harmony - he writes - is that of signs created by a "hand" which ramifies (as instantiated, for example, by Auguste Rodin in a famous sculpture) to become countenance, a hand that individuates (and perceives) itself, through the operated design, as the combined and productive features of meaning in action".[12] At the level of the membrane (or at the level of the visual cortex, for example), a (neural) geometry of the interacting connections is created by means of a specific self-organization process: a neurogeometry that will be to weave itself on the basis of the nourishment offered by the original web of the programs. Hence the birth of an intersection between the research carried out by Carsetti and the in-depth analysis work carried out by

Philosophy of Mind
.

In his latest volume entitled Metabiology published in 2020, Carsetti revisits a fundamental thesis enunciated by Henri Atlan which states that, on a biological level, "the function self-organizes together with its meaning" and connects this thesis which constitutes one of the cornerstones of the contemporary theory of self-organization, with Monod's intuition according to which Nature really appears as a tinkerer characterized by the presence of precise principles of self-organization. According to Carsetti, while, however, Monod had at his disposal as a general reference framework exclusively a syntactic information theory such as that developed by Shannon (a theory framed furthermore in a first-order Cybernetics), the presence, today, of innovative analysis tools such as those represented by the definition of a second order Cybernetics as well as by the development of a new type of relationship between information and meaning, offers the possibility for the leavening of that conceptual revolution increasingly referred to as metabiology. It is exactly in this context, that Carsetti places his proposal for the very definition of a new kind of scientific Realism, i.e. the enactive (or participatory) Realism.[14]

Selected publications

Selected research projects

References

  1. ^ a b Carsetti, Arturo. "La Nuova Critica".
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Arturo Carsetti". Filosofia TorVergata.
  3. ^ a b "European Reference Index for the Humanities". Norwegian Social Science Data Services.
  4. ISBN 9781136955112
    .
  5. ^ Carsetti Arturo (2001). "Saggi di Scienza ed Epistemologia dedicati a Werner Leinfellner". La Nuova Critica (37–38).
  6. ^ Arturo Carsetti and Franz Wuketits. "In Memoriam Elisabeth Leifellner (1938-2010) and Werner Leinfellner (1921-2010)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-11-02. Retrieved 2014-11-02.
  7. ^ "www.arturocarsetti.it".
  8. ^
    ISBN 978-94-007-6012-7
    .
  9. ^ "The emergence of meaning at the co-evolutionary level". Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computation: 219, 14–23.
  10. ^ "Biological Computer Laboratory".
  11. ^ Kauffmann, Louis. "Webpage Kauffmann".
  12. ^
    S2CID 15034500
    .
  13. ISBN 9780375423147
    .
  14. ISBN 9783030327187
    .
  15. ^ a b c Carsetti, Arturo. "Research Italy".
  16. ^ a b c Carsetti, Arturo. "Webpage Carsetti".

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arturo_Carsetti&oldid=1157532377"