Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
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Category | Federal unit |
Location | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Created |
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Number | 10 Cantons |
Populations | 23,734 (Bosnian-Podrinje Canton Goražde) – 445,028 (Tuzla) |
Areas | 325 km2 (125.5 sq mi) (Posavina) – 4,934 km2 (1,905.1 sq mi) (Canton 10) |
Government |
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Subdivisions |
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The ten
Five of the cantons have a Bosniak majority: Una-Sana Canton, Tuzla Canton, Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnian-Podrinje Canton Goražde and Sarajevo Canton; three have a Croat majority: Posavina Canton, West Herzegovina Canton and Canton 10, and the two cantons are regarded as ethnically mixed: Central Bosnia Canton and Herzegovina-Neretva Canton. The most populous canton is Tuzla Canton, while Canton 10 is the largest by area.
Creation
The cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina are a result of an artificial application of 1993 Vance–Owen Peace Plan for the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, applied only to one part of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[1] The plan originally foresaw the cantonization of the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina.[2]
The cantons were to be named after rivers and cities in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, based on the tradition from the Kingdom of Yugoslavia's naming of banates in 1929.[1]
The ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina were created by the Law on Federal Units (Cantons), enacted by the Constituent Assembly of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina on 12 June 1996.[3] Of these, five have Bosniak and three Croat majorities, while two cantons are mixed.[4] The cantons with Bosniak-majority are: Una-Sana Canton, Tuzla Canton, Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnian-Podrinje Canton Goražde and Sarajevo Canton, while the Croat-majority cantons are Posavina Canton, West Herzegovina Canton and Canton 10. The two mixed cantons are Central Bosnia Canton and Herzegovina-Neretva Canton.[5]
Jurisdiction
As the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was created on the principle of decentralisation, the cantons have strong autonomy which is guaranteed by a long list of exclusive jurisdictions in the
Governance
The cantons consist of
Coat of arms |
No. | Abbr | English name | Center | Population (2013) | Bosniaks | % | Croats | % | Serbs | % | Area (km2) | Density | Municipalities |
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1 | USK USŽ |
Una-Sana Canton | Bihać | 273,261 | 246,012 | 90.03% | 5,073 | 1.86% | 8,452 | 3.09% | 4,125.0 | 69.8 | 8 | |
2 | PK ŽP |
Posavina Canton | Orašje | 43,453 | 8,252 | 18.99% | 33,600 | 77.32% | 831 | 1.91% | 324.6 | 124.8 | 3 | |
3 | TK TŽ |
Tuzla Canton | Tuzla | 445,028 | 392,356 | 88.16% | 23,592 | 5.30% | 7,058 | 1.59% | 2,649.0 | 187.9 | 13 | |
4 | ZDK ZDŽ |
Zenica-Doboj Canton | Zenica | 364,433 | 299,452 | 82.17% | 43,819 | 12.02% | 5,543 | 1.52% | 3,334.3 | 119.9 | 12 | |
5 | BPK BPŽ |
Bosnian-Podrinje Canton Goražde | Goražde | 23,734 | 22,313 | 94.01% | 24 | 0.10% | 885 | 3.73% | 504.6 | 65.8 | 3 | |
6 | SBK ŽSB |
Central Bosnia Canton | Travnik | 254,686 | 146,652 | 57.58% | 97,629 | 38.33% | 3,043 | 1.19% | 3,189 | 80.2 | 12 | |
7 | HNK HNŽ |
Herzegovina-Neretva Canton | Mostar | 222,007 | 92,005 | 41.44% | 118,297 | 53.29% | 6,432 | 2.90% | 4,401 | 51.5 | 9 | |
8 | ZHK ŽZH |
West Herzegovina Canton | Široki Brijeg | 94,898 | 718 | 0.76% | 93,725 | 98.77% | 101 | 0.11% | 1,362.2 | 60.1 | 4 | |
9 | KS SŽ |
Sarajevo Canton | Sarajevo | 413,593 | 346,575 | 83.80% | 17,520 | 4.24% | 13,300 | 3.22% | 1,276.9 | 329.9 | 9 | |
10 | K10 HBŽ |
Canton 10 | Livno | 84,127 | 8,037 | 9.55% | 64,604 | 76.79% | 10,905 | 12.96% | 4,934.9 | 16.5 | 6 | |
FBiH | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sarajevo | 2,219,220 | 1,562,372 | 70.40% | 497,883 | 22.44% | 56,550 | 2.55% | 26,110.0 | 89.1 | 79 |
See also
Footnotes
References
Books
- Gavrić, Saša; Banović, Damir, eds. (2012). Parlamentarizam u Bosni i Hercegovini. Sarajevo: Sarajevski otvoreni centar/Fondacija Friedrich Ebert. ISBN 9789958536014.
- Keil, Soeren (2016). Multinational Federalism in Bosnia and Herzegovina. London: Routledge. ISBN 9781317093435.
Journals
- Jurilj, Lana (2017). "Država kao subjekt međunarodnog prava s posebnim osvrtom na Bosnu i Hercegovinu". Mostariensia. 21 (1): 83–95. .