Dicistroviridae

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Dicistroviridae
Molecular surfaces of Triatoma virus (TrV) and Cricket paralysis virus (CrPV)
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Pisoniviricetes
Order: Picornavirales
Family: Dicistroviridae
Genera

Dicistroviridae is a family of

silkworms, serve as natural hosts. There are 15 species in this family, assigned to three genera.[1][2] Diseases associated with this family include: DCV: increased reproductive potential. extremely pathogenic when injected with high associated mortality. CrPV: paralysis and death.[2][3]

Taxonomy

Phylogenetic tree of Dicistroviridae

Although many dicistroviruses were initially placed in the Picornaviridae, they have since been reclassified into their own family. The name (Dicistro) is derived from the characteristic

dicistronic
arrangement of the genome.

This family is a member of the Order

Picornaviridae, and Secoviridae and Marnaviridae). Within this order, the gene order is the gene order of the nonstructural proteins Hel(helicase)-Pro(protease)-RdRp(polymerase). The Dicistroviridae can be distinguished from the members of the taxa by the location of their structural protein genes at the 3' end rather than the 5' end (as found in Iflavirus, Picornaviridae and Secoviridae) and by having two genomic segments rather than a single one (as in the Comovirus).[2]

The family contains the following genera and species:[2]

Genus: Aparavirus

Genus: Cripavirus

Genus: Triatovirus

Linepithema humile virus 1 is possibly a member of Dicistroviridae, of unclear placement.

Structure

virions
Genome of cricket paralysis virus (CrPV) from family Dicistroviridea

Viruses in Dicistroviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 30 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 8.5-10.2kb in length. The genome has 2 open reading frames.[2][3]

Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
Aparavirus Icosahedral Pseudo T=3 Non-enveloped Linear
Cripavirus Icosahedral Pseudo T=3 Non-enveloped Linear Monopartite

Life cycle

Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by viral initiation, and ribosomal skipping. Invertebrates serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are contamination.[2][3]

Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site Transmission
Aparavirus Invertebrates: honeybee, bumblebees None Unknown Unknown Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Unknown
Cripavirus Invertebrates None Cell receptor endocytosis Budding Cytoplasm Cytoplasm Food

RNA structural elements

Many of the Dicistroviridae genomes contains structured RNA elements. For example, the

tRNA and is used in the initiation of translation.[5]

References

  1. PMID 28366189
    .
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Dicistrovirdae". ICTV Online (10th) Report.
  3. ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  4. PMID 11233983
    .
  5. S2CID 31720000
    .

External links