Foot-and-mouth disease virus
| Foot-and-mouth disease virus | |
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Electronmicrograph of Foot-and-mouth disease virus
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Virus classification 
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| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Pisuviricota |
| Class: | Pisoniviricetes |
| Order: | Picornavirales |
| Family: | Picornaviridae
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| Genus: | Aphthovirus |
| Species: | Foot-and-mouth disease virus
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Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the
animal farming
.
Structure and genome
The virus particle (25-30 nm) has an
.Replication
When the virus comes in contact with the
receptor site and triggers a folding-in of the membrane. Once the virus is inside the host cell, the capsid dissolves, and the RNA gets replicated, and translated into viral proteins by the cell's ribosomes using a cap-independent mechanism driven by the internal ribosome entry site
element.
The synthesis of viral proteins include 2A 'cleavage' during translation. They include
proteases that inhibit the synthesis of normal cell proteins, and other proteins that interact with different components of the host cell. The infected cell ends up producing large quantities of viral RNA and capsid proteins, which are assembled to form new viruses. After assembly, the host cell lyses (bursts) and releases the new viruses.[2]
Recombination
Recombination can occur within host cells during co-infections by different FMDV strains.[3] Recombination is common and a key feature of FMDV evolution.[4]
Serotypes
Foot-and-mouth disease virus occurs in seven major
serotypes
: O, A, C, SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3, and Asia-1. These serotypes show some regionality, and the O serotype is most common.
See also
- Animal viruses
References
- PMID 15858032.
- ISBN 978-1-904455-22-6. Archived from the originalon 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2009-01-20.
- ^ Ferretti L, Di Nardo A, Singer B, Lasecka-Dykes L, Logan G, Wright CF, Pérez-Martín E, King DP, Tuthill TJ, Ribeca P. Within-Host Recombination in the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Genome. Viruses. 2018 Apr 25;10(5):221. doi: 10.3390/v10050221. PMID 29693634; PMCID: PMC5977214
- ^ Aiewsakun P, Pamornchainavakul N, Inchaisri C. Early origin and global colonisation of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 17;10(1):15268. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72246-6. PMID 32943727; PMCID: PMC7498456
| Authority control databases: National |
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