Haplogroup M30 (mtDNA)
Haplogroup M30 | |
---|---|
Possible time of origin | 14,600 to 30,200 YBP[1] |
Possible place of origin | South Asia |
Ancestor | M4'45 |
Descendants | M30a, M30b, M30c, M30d, M30e |
Defining mutations | 195A, 15431A, 12007A |
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup M30 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
Origin
Haplogroup M30 (coding region: 195A-514dCA-12007-15431) is a South-Asian[2] or an India-specific maternal lineage[3][4] of the macrohaplogroup M identified by the mutations T195A, G15431A and G12007A.[3]
Haplogroup M30 used to be a part of M4 haplogroup distinguished by G15431A.
Haplogroup M30 was identified in 2005 based on complete
In 2006, the definition of M30 was narrowed down by identifying it with the mutations T195A, 15431A and G12007A.
In 2006, Sahoo and Kashyap reported haplogroup M30 in Oriya
The age of M30 lineage was estimated at 33,042 ± 7,840 Years Before Present.[7] However, Thangarajah, et al. (2006) dated it to 15,400 ± 6300 YBP.[8] Rajkumar, et al. put forward the estimated coalescence time of haplogroup M30 to be 15,400 ± 6300 ybp, and that of its sub-haplogroups M30a and M30c to be 5100 ± 3600 ybp.[7] The ages of M30b and M30d were computed to be 4177 ± 2800 years and 12,800 ± 5700 ybp respectively.[8] This period corresponds with the late-Mesolithic in India and the Levant.
Distribution
South Asia
M30 is found in a wide variety of ethnic, religious, and linguistic groups in both North and South
Haplogroup | GenBank ID | Country/Region | Population | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
M30 | DQ246813 | India | — | Rajkumar 2009 |
M30 | DQ246815 | India | — | Rajkumar 2009 |
M30 | DQ246816 | India | — | Rajkumar 2009 |
M30 | DQ246827 | India | — | Rajkumar 2009 |
M30 | FJ383657 | Karnataka,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30 | FJ383658 | Gujarat,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30 | FJ383659 | Gujarat,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30 | FJ383667 | Maharashtra,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30 | FJ383673 | Madhya Pradesh,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30 | FJ383675 | Madhya Pradesh,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30 | HM156694 | India | — | Govindaraj 2011 |
M30 | JX462681 | India | — | Khan 2013 |
M30 | JX462684 | India | — | Khan 2013 |
M30 | KX467298 | Jammu and Kashmir, India | — | Sharma 2017 |
M30 | KX467299 | Jammu and Kashmir, India | — | Sharma 2017 |
M30 | KX467300 | Jammu and Kashmir, India | — | Sharma 2017 |
M30 | MH830089 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830090 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830091 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830092 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830093 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830094 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830095 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830096 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MH830097 | Chetlat Island, India | — | Gajbhiye 2019 |
M30 | MN595703 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30 | MN595772 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30 | MN595825 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30 | MN595857 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30 | OM489686 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30 | OM489688 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30 | OM489690 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30 | OM489701 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30 | OM489714 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30-C16234T | AY922258 | India | — | Sun 2006[6] |
M30-C16234T | EU597504 | Pakistan | Sindhis | Hartmann 2008 |
M30-C16234T | JX462683 | India | — | Khan 2013 |
M30-C16234T | KF450921 | Pakistan | Sindhis | Lippold 2014 |
M30-C16234T | KX467294 | Jammu and Kashmir, India | — | Sharma 2017 |
M30-C16234T | KX467295 | Jammu and Kashmir, India | — | Sharma 2017 |
M30-C16234T | KX467297 | Jammu and Kashmir, India | — | Sharma 2017 |
M30-C16234T | MT506289 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506290 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506291 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506292 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506293 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506294 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506295 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506296 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506297 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30-C16234T | MT506298 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30a | FJ383661 | Rajasthan,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30a | FJ383662 | Rajasthan,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30a | FJ383663 | Rajasthan,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30a | FJ383666 | Rajasthan,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30a | JQ446403 | India | — | Khan 2013 |
M30a | KY933649 | India | — | Husain 2017 |
M30a | OP004792 | India | Gujaratis | Alqaisi 2023 |
M30a | OP004800 | India | Gujaratis | Alqaisi 2023 |
M30a1 | AY289072 | southern India | Koragas | Ingman-Gyll 2006 |
M30a1 | AY922254 | India | — | Sun 2006[6] |
M30a2 | FJ383660 | Rajasthan,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30a2 | FJ383665 | Rajasthan,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30b | AY289071 | southern India | Kannada people |
Ingman-Gyll 2006 |
M30b | AY922277 | India | — | Sun 2006[6] |
M30b | FJ383664 | Rajasthan,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30b | KM043056 | Punjab, India | Jat Sikh | FamilyTreeDNA |
M30b | KX467301 | Jammu and Kashmir, India | — | Sharma 2017 |
M30b | MN595716 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30b | MN595856 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30b | MT506269 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30b | OP004790 | India | Gujaratis | Alqaisi 2023 |
M30c1 | AF382013 | India | — | Maca-Meyer 2006 |
M30c1 | AY922268 | India | — | Sun 2006[6] |
M30c1 | KR074253 | India | — | Marrero 2016 |
M30c1 | MN595711 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30c1 | MN595814 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30c1 | OM489683 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30c1 | OM489726 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30c1 | OM489728 | Sri Lanka | — | Jayasekera 2022 |
M30c1 | OP004759 | India | Gujaratis | Alqaisi 2023 |
M30c1a | AY922257 | India | — | Sun 2006[6] |
M30c1a | HM036539 | northern India | Ladakhis | Sharma 2011 |
M30c1a | HM036550 | northern India | Ladakhis | Sharma 2011 |
M30c1a1 | EF556149 | India | Bene Israel Jew | Behar 2008[14] |
M30d | MN595893 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
M30d1 | AY922256 | India | — | Sun 2006[6] |
M30d1 | FJ383654 | Nepal[12] | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30d1 | FJ383655 | Nepal[12] | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30d1 | FJ383656 | Nepal[12] | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30d1 | KF450900 | Pakistan | Makrani people | Lippold 2014 |
M30d1 | MT506288 | India | Zoroastrian Parsis | Patell 2020 |
M30d2 | AY922255 | India | — | Sun 2006[6] |
M30d2 | FJ383668 | Maharashtra,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30d2 | FJ383669 | Maharashtra,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30d2 | HM156674 | India | — | Govindaraj 2011 |
M30e | FJ383670 | Maharashtra,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30e | FJ383672 | Maharashtra,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30e | FJ383676 | Maharashtra,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30e | FJ383677 | Maharashtra,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30e | FJ383678 | Gujarat,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30e | FJ383679 | Gujarat,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30f | DQ246818 | India | — | Rajkumar 2009 |
M30f | FJ383674 | Madhya Pradesh,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30f | GU480014 | India | — | Sharma 2011 |
M30f | KF450935 | Pakistan | Sindhis | Lippold 2014 |
M30f | OP004736 | India | Gujaratis | Alqaisi 2023 |
M30f | OP004776 | India | Gujaratis | Alqaisi 2023 |
M30g | FJ383671 | Madhya Pradesh,[12] India | — | Kumar 2009[13] |
M30g | JF742213 | Kathmandu, Nepal | — | Wang 2012 |
M30g | JX462693 | India | — | Khan 2013 |
M30g | MN595844 | Pakistan | — | Rahman 2021 |
East-Central Asia and East Asia
M30 has also been detected in the maternal lineages of
Haplogroup | GenBank ID | Country/Region | Population | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
M30 | FJ748727 | Tibet, China | Tibetan[16] | Ji 2010 |
M30 | MF522852 | Tajikistan | Kyrgyz | Peng 2017[15] |
M30 | MF522877 | Tajikistan | Kyrgyz | Peng 2017[15] |
M30 | MF523093 | China | Sarikoli Tajiks | Peng 2017[15] |
M30 | MF523219 | Tajikistan | Wakhi | Peng 2017[15] |
M30c1 | MF522990 | Dushanbe,[17] Tajikistan | Tajiks | Peng 2017[15] |
Southeast Asia
Haplogroup | GenBank ID | Country/Region | Population | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
M30 | MG272917 | Thailand | — | Kutanan 2018 |
M30c1 | KP346045 | Myanmar | Bamar people | Li 2015 |
West Asia and Northern Africa
M30 has been detected in
Haplogroup | GenBank ID | Country/Region | Population | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
M30 | EU370397 | Saudi Arabia | — | Abu-Amero 2008 |
M30-C16234T | KF451210 | Israel | Palestinian Arabs | Lippold 2014 |
M30-C16234T | KF451249 | HaMerkaz, Israel | Palestinian Arabs | Lippold 2014 |
M30-C16234T | KJ446739 | — | Palestinian Arabs | Zheng 2014 |
M30b | KR074248 | Saudi Arabia | — | Marrero 2016 |
M30c1 | MF437059 | United Arab Emirates | — | Al-Jasmi 2020 |
M30c1 | MF437077 | United Arab Emirates | — | Al-Jasmi 2020 |
M30d1 | MF437278 | United Arab Emirates | — | Al-Jasmi 2020 |
Europe
M30 is uncommon among the native ethnic groups of Europe.
Haplogroup | GenBank ID | Country/Region | Population | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
M30 | KF161562 | Denmark | — | Li 2013 |
M30-C16234T | KP076664 | France | French | FamilyTreeDNA |
Pre-Modern M30 Samples
Haplogroup | ID | Alt ID | Location | Period | Author(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M30 | I3406 | R43 | Roopkund Lake, India | 885-980 CE | Harney, É. et al.[19] |
M30 | I6549 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
167-46 BCE | — |
M30 | I6552 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
200-0 BCE | — |
M30 | I6894 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
400-200 BCE | — |
M30-C16234T | I6945 | R64 | Roopkund Lake, India | 687-870 CE | Harney, É. et al.[19] |
M30c | I3346 | R15 | Roopkund Lake, India | 717-889 CE | Harney, É. et al.[19] |
M30c1 | I12149 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
1000-800 BCE | — |
M30c1 | I12470 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
1000-800 BCE | — |
M30d1 | I7723 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
400-200 BCE | — |
M30d1 | I12461 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
1000-800 BCE | — |
M30g | I12134 | — | Swat District , Pakistan |
1000-800 BCE | — |
Haplogroup | ID | Alt ID | Location | Period | Author(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M30a | I2123 | — | Gonur Depe, Turkmenistan | 2452-2140 BCE | — |
M30b | I11466 | — | Shahr-i Sokhta , Iran |
2500-2000 BCE | — |
Subclades
Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup subclades is based on the Van Oven 2008 tree[20] and subsequent published research.
- M30 T195A G15431A
- M30a G513A
- M30a1 G6366A
- M30a2 T11935C
- M30b T152C! G5147A
- M30c T146C! A12234G
- M30c1 A16166-
- M30c1a C16069T
- M30c1a1 G9966A
- M30c1a C16069T
- M30c1 A16166-
- M30d C15259T
- M30d1 G1598A
- M30d2 C10160T
- M30-C16234T
- M30e T152C! T6620C C13303T
- M30f A5894G T16368C
- M30g T204C C6119T
- M30a G513A
See also
- Genealogical DNA test
- Genetic genealogy
- Human mitochondrial genetics
- Population genetics
- Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- PMID 19500773.
- ^ Yonsei University, Korea. The mtDNA Haplogroup Specific Control Region Mutation Motifs [1][verification needed]
- ^ PMID 16776823.
- PMID 16485297.
- ^ Ian Logan, 2008 [2] [full citation needed]
- ^ PMID 16361303.
- ^ PMID 15804362.
- ^ S2CID 28080968.
- PMID 19823670.
- ^ PMID 18257024.
- ^ "Jayasekara-2024".
- ^ PMID 28335724.
- ^ PMID 19624810.
- PMID 18446216.
- ^ a b c d e f Min-Sheng Peng, Weifang Xu, Jiao-Jiao Song, et al. (2017), "Mitochondrial genomes uncover the maternal history of the Pamir populations." European Journal of Human Genetics https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-017-0028-8
- PMID 27498855.
- S2CID 208233743.
- PMID 17620140.
- ^ PMID 31431628.
- S2CID 27566749.
External links
- General
- Mannis van Oven's Phylotree
- Haplogroup M30
- Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site: Haplogroup M30