Ixodidae

Ixodidae; Temporal range: Cretaceous–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Ixodes ricinus (engorged)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Ixodida
Superfamily:	Ixodoidea
Family:	Ixodidae; C. L. Koch, 1844

The Ixodidae are the

vectors of pathogens that can cause human disease.^{[citation needed}

]

Description

They are distinguished from the Argasidae by the presence of a scutum.[2] In both the nymph and the adult, a prominent gnathosoma (or capitulum, mouth and feeding parts) projects forward from the animal's body; in the Argasidae, conversely, the gnathosoma is concealed beneath the body.^{[citation needed]}

They differ, too, in their lifecycle; Ixodidae that attach to a host bite painlessly and are generally unnoticed, and they remain in place until they engorge and are ready to change their skin; this process may take days or weeks. Some species drop off the host to moult in a safe place, whereas others remain on the same host and only drop off once they are ready to lay their eggs.^{[citation needed]}

Classification

There are 702 species in 14 genera.^[3] The family contains these genera:^[3]

Africaniella – 2 species
Amblyomma – 130 species (includes some of Aponomma)
Anomalohimalaya – 3 species
Archaeocroton – 1 species
Bothriocroton – 7 species
Cosmiomma – 1 species
Cornupalpatum – 1 species
Compluriscutula – 1 species
Dermacentor – 34 species (includes Anocentor)
Haemaphysalis – 166 species
Hyalomma – 27 species
Ixodes – 246 species
Margaropus – 3 species
Nosomma – 2 species
Rhipicentor – 2 species
Rhipicephalus – 82 species (includes Boophilus)
Robertsicus – 1 species

Fossil genera

†Compluriscutula Poinar and Buckley 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
†Cornupalpatum Poinar and Brown 2003 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian

Medical importance

Many hard ticks are of considerable medical importance, acting as

tick-borne relapsing fever, tularemia, Colorado tick fever, Powassan encephalitis, and Q fever.^[4]

References

^ "Ixodidae". NCBI taxonomy. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Archived from the original on 14 May 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2017. Lineage( full ) cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Opisthokonta; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Protostomia; Ecdysozoa; Panarthropoda; Arthropoda; Chelicerata; Arachnida; Acari; Parasitiformes; Ixodida; Ixodoidea
^
ISBN 978-0-632-02585-5. Archived
from the original on 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2016-11-06.

^
hdl:11336/97869. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 2019-07-24. Retrieved 2015-06-28.

^ "CDC - Tick-Borne Diseases - NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic". www.cdc.gov. 2018-11-14. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2019-07-01.

External links

Data related to Ixodidae at Wikispecies
Media related to Ixodidae at Wikimedia Commons

[NCBI-1] "Ixodidae". NCBI taxonomy. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Archived from the original on 14 May 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2017. Lineage( full ) cellular organisms; Eukaryota; Opisthokonta; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Protostomia; Ecdysozoa; Panarthropoda; Arthropoda; Chelicerata; Arachnida; Acari; Parasitiformes; Ixodida; Ixodoidea

[Cox-2] 
ISBN 978-0-632-02585-5. Archived
from the original on 2017-02-15. Retrieved 2016-11-06.

[list-3] 
hdl:11336/97869. Archived
(PDF) from the original on 2019-07-24. Retrieved 2015-06-28.

[4] "CDC - Tick-Borne Diseases - NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic". www.cdc.gov. 2018-11-14. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2019-07-01.

[3]

[4]