Jean de Forcade de Biaix
His Excellency[1] Lieutenant General Jean de Forcade de Biaix | |
---|---|
Johann Quirin von Forcade de Biaix | |
Born | Jean de Forcade de Biaix 14 December 1663 Biaix Manor, Pau, Béarn, France |
Died | 2 February 1729[1] Berlin, Brandenburg | (aged 65)
Burial place | Crypt of General de Corneau under the Friedrichstadtkirche,[1] Berlin, Brandenburg |
Children | 5, most notably: Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix |
Parent | Jean de Forcade, Seigneur de Biaix |
Military career | |
Allegiance | Prussia |
Service/ | Prussian Army |
Years of service | 1685–1729 |
Rank | Lieutenant general |
Unit | Elector's Bodyguards 1st White Fusilier Guards |
Commands held | 23rd Prussian Infantry Regiment Military Governor of Berlin Commandant of the Royal Residence in Berlin |
Battles/wars | Great Northern War
|
Awards | Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle |
Jean de Forcade de Biaix,
Although there are references to Jean de Forcade de Biaix as the "Marquis de Biaix" in some Prussian sources published between 1788 and 1837, there is no evidence that he was ever a Marquis. The noble manor of Biaix in the city of Pau was never a marquisate, at any time in its history.
He was also never the Seigneur de Biaix, as stated in some historical Prussian sources.[6][7] The title Seigneur was not hereditary. In the case of his family, his father, who purchased Biaix manor in 1659, was the Seigneur de Biaix.[14] Following the father's death in 1684,[15] the property and the right to enter the Order of Nobility of the Estates of Béarn were passed to the eldest son, Jean's elder brother, Isaac de Forcade de Biaix[15][16] (Seigneur de Biaix 1684–1737).[15]
Life in France
Little is known about his early life. His parents were Protestant. Protestant church records do not exist for the period between 1617 and 1667 for the Temple in Pau. Historical records published in the 19th century related to the research of noble families in France claim that only two branches[15] of this family descended from the parents, and that the only surviving branch was the Prussian one.[14][17]
Protestant baptismal records for the Temple in Pau for the period 1668–1681[18] and 1673–1684,[19] however, point to a large family with no fewer than 11 children, of which six sons to carry the name forward. What happened to the rest of the family is unknown.
Emigration to Prussia
Jean de Forcade de Biaix, unlike his father and eldest brother, did not
Whereas there were only about 400
Life in Prussia
By October 1686, Jean de Forcade de Biaix began a military career that would span 41 years, raise him to the highest military rank in the
- In October 1686, lieutenant in the
- 1688, captain in the Elector's Bodyguards in Frankfurt (Oder).[21]
- 1692,
- 1699, captain in the Elector's Bodyguards in Berlin.[22]
He remained in the rank of captain for nearly fifteen years, humbly performing his occupation as a soldier.
But two events enabled him to rise out of subordinate functions. In 1697, he married the
- On 12 September 1702, promoted to major[11] in the Prussian White Fusilier Guards[11] (later the 1st Prussian Infantry Regiment).
- Promoted on 12 August 1705 to lieutenant colonel.[11]
- 1711, promoted to colonel.
- 1713, a General Field Marshall Count von Wartensleben's Infantry Regiment, renamed that year to the 1st Prussian Infantry Regiment,[24] appointed as Gouverneur militaire of Berlin, aka Commandant of Berlin.
In this latter position, he reigned over his garrison with discipline and gained a reputation as one of the most severe military governors of Berlin. He is thought to be the founder of the famous "Prussian Drill" that would become the admiration of numerous generations of military to follow. Each night during the fifteen years of his governorship, he would send a letter to King Frederick William I of Prussia in which he recounted in detail the events of the day, allegedly without ever forgetting a single one.[23]
- In February 1716,[4][11] as a colonel,[4] given the command of the 23rd Prussian Infantry Regiment,[4][11] then garrisoned in Berlin[4][9]
Jean de Forcade de Biaix was an avid and active member of the Tobacco Collegium (German: Tabakskollegium),[13] the aeropagus before which, at the Royal Court in Berlin, the affairs of domestic and foreign policy were discussed. Smoking was mandatory. The smoking lounge (German: Tabakstube) was set up based on the Dutch model, like a Great Hall. Every evening at six o'clock the Tobacco Collegium came together and remained until ten o'clock or longer. Other members included: Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow, Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, affectionately referred to as "the old Dessauer", Count Alexander von Dönhoff, Colonel von Derschau, the Generals von Gerstorf and von Sydow, General Peter von Blankensee, affectionately called "Blitzpeter" at court, Caspar Otto von Glasenapp, Christoph Adam von Flanz, Dubislav Gneomar von Natzmer, Heinrich Karl von der Marwitz, Friedrich Wilhelm von Rochow, Wilhelm Dietrich von Buddenbrock, Arnold Christoph von Waldow, Johann Christoph Friedrich von Haake and the occasional invited minister and ambassador, on a case-by-case basis.
Following the death of
Despite his educational handicap, Colonel von Forcade has been called "one of the most important figures in the reformed emigration,"[28] and he enjoyed the full confidence[28] of King Frederick William I. Following the death Count von Dönhoff, it was in von Forcade's house[25][28] in Berlin on 3 January 1718 that the petition from the representatives of the colony to the King was written and signed to thank him for having left the choice of a new protector to them.
"…We are persuaded, there is not one of your Majesty's Ministers, who is not equally disposed to treat us with the same Goodness, the late Count Denhoff (sic) used to have for us ; however, SIRE, if one of them must absolutely be chosen, who can do it better than your Majesty, whose Penetration nothing escapes, and who has condescended to show such an Attention, to every Thing, which is for our good, and for our Advantage? 'Tis this makes us take the Liberty of most humbly intreating your Majesty, that you will yourself please to name that Person of your Ministers, whom you shall judge most proper to fulfil (sic) your Intentions to us. Your Majesty's Choice is much more certain than ours, because it is guided and enlightened by your paternal Goodness…"[25][29]
- Promoted on 31 May 1718[11] to major general.[11]
On 9 March 1719, the King founded a new
On 29 February 1720, with General von Forcade at the head of all
- During 1721, because of the increasing size of the Berlin garrison, which was increased to four regiments of infantry and one battalion of artillery, a special commission and treasury were established to examine the manner the new troops were being provided for. At the head of this commission was General von Forcade, then Commandant of Berlin, who was described as "…a very brave soldier, who knew nothing of the whole thing, spoke only very broken German, and could scarcely write his name…".[34]
The newly reorganized
- 8 September 1721, as the president of the Grand Directoire, Jean de Forcade de Biaix laid the cornerstone of the new French church, the Klosterkirche, in the Klosterstrasse.[38]
- 1722,[11] appointed as Commandant[11] of the Royal Residence in Berlin[11] (earlier, in 1714, according to some sources.)[39][40]
- 24 February 1727,
- He was promoted posthumously on 2 February 1729[11] to lieutenant general.[6][11]
Family
Coat of arms
The family motto of the Prussian branch is "In Virtute Pertinax".[45]
Parents
Jean de Forcade de Biaix's parents are erroneously cited in various Prussian historical sources between 1767 and 1861 as the French Field Marshall[5][6][11][46][47] Jaques de Forcade,[4][5][6][11][46][47] Seigneur de Biaix[6][47] and Philippine d'Espalungue, Baronne d'Arros.[4][5][6][11][46][47] Whether this information was intentionally provided false, or unintentionally in error, is a matter of pure speculation. These same sources state that the family origins were in Spain[4][6][46] before Béarn, most likely referring to what had been the Kingdom of Navarre, which was split between the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain, with the part south of the Pyrénées becoming a part of Spain in 1521, and the part north of the Pyrénées becoming the Kingdom of Navarre-Béarn, before becoming a part of France in 1589, when King Henry III of Navarre inherited the French throne as Henry IV of France. In 1620 it was merged into the France.
Indeed, his parents were
Marriage
Jean de Forcade de Biaix was married on 15 April 1697 (1647–1697).
Jean de Forcade de Biaix was said to have also maintained a mistress at the royal court by the name of Mademoiselle la Letti
Children
Two sons and three daughters are known to have been born out of this marriage. Three of the children were born before 31 December 1699.[22] The second eldest son, Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix, covered the name de Forcade de Biaix with glory.
- Friedrich Wilhelm de Forcade de Biaix, aka Frideric Guillaume de Forcade, King Captain of the Guard of his personal bodyguards at the time. At least on historical source states that the child died before his father in 1729,[57]but this source was published in 1894, almost 160 years after his death and appears to be in error.
- Frederick III, Elector of Brandenburgat the time.
- Louise Madeleine von Forcade de Biaix,Frederick III, Elector of Brandenburg's personal bodyguards at the time.
- Charlotte Louise Elisabeth von Forcade de Biaix,Frederick III, Elector of Brandenburg's personal bodyguards at the time.
- Sophie Philippine von Forcade de Biaix, aka Philippina Sophia de Forcade[68] aka Sophie Philippine von Forcade[69] (* about 1704), married on 28 June 1729[70] in Berlin with Paul Albret Theuenin des Glereaux, aka Paul Albrecht de Glereau,[70][68] (* 19 October 1688, Königsberg, East Prussia; † before 1739), a Captain in the 23rd Prussian Infantry Regiment, aka the von Sidow Regiment. On 12 June 1739[68] in Königsberg, East Prussia, as a widow, she remarried with Georg Wilhelm von Aschersleben[47][69] (1704–1775), President of the Pomeranian War and Domain Chamber ("Pomeranian Kriegs- und Domänenkammer"[47] aka "Kammer- und Kommerz Collegii") in Stettin, responsible for the financial and fiscal administration of Pomerania.
One of the two daughters, Louise Madeleine von Forcade de Biaix or Charlotte Louise Elisabeth von Forcade de Biaix, may have married a von Woldeck. Historical literature published in 1799 about the
Ancestry
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Other Notable Family
First generation
- Brother:[15] Isaac de Forcade,[15][72] Seigneur de Biaix,[15][17][72] attorney, Jurat in Pau,[17] Legislator at the Parliament of Navarre,[15][72] (* 1659, Pau; bap. 13 September 1659, Morlaàs;[15] 27 October 1737,[15] Pau); three marriages: Adriane de Lafitte (before 1683), Jeanne de Séris[15] (before 1688) and Claire de Lalanne[15][72] (7 June 1694,[15] Rontignon).[15] Seigneur de Biaix (1684–1737).
Second generation
In addition to his son
- Nephew: Jean-Jacob de Forcade,[15][72] Seigneur de Biaix, attorney,[15] Legislator at the Parliament of Navarre, (* about 1694, Biaix Manor, Pau, Béarn, France; † 28 June 1743, Pau, Béarn, France). Seigneur de Biaix (1738–1743).
- Niece: Marthe-Catherine de Forcade de Biaix,[2][72] (* 19 July 1703,[72] Biaix Manor, Pau, Béarn, France; † 18 November 1777, Arros-de-Nay, Béarn); married 9 February 1727[72] in Nay with Henri III. d'Espalungue, Baron d'Arros,[2][72][73] Coseigneur de Saint-Abit,[73] Seigneur de Minvielle[73] and de Galan d'Asson[73] (1690–1745)
- Nephew: (11 June 1742).
Third generation
His grandchildren included two more
- Grandson: order of merit, Knight of the Order of Pour le Mérite[78] (7 September 1774), Commandant of Frankfurt/Oder, and Presbyter of the French congregation of Frankfurt/Oder.
- Grandson: Friedrich Wilhelm Siegesmund von Aschersleben, Herr of Klockow and Parmen (* about 1737; † 19 December 1781, Berlin, Brandenburg, Prussia), Royal Prussian captain in the 18th Prussian Infantry Regiment, Knight of the Cross of the Royal Prussian Order of St. John Bailiwick of Brandenburg,[79] son of his daughter Philippine Sophie de Forcade de Biaix.
- Granddaughter: Queen consort of Prussia, Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern, wife of Frederick the Great, ∞ 29 September 1775[80] Johann Hugo Wilhelm, Freiherr Löw von und zu Steinfurth (* 25 August 1750; 23 May 1786), Royal Prussian Chamberlainand Knight of the Order of Joseph
- Grandson: Georg Friedrich Wilhelm von Forcade de Biaix[78] (* 16 October 1746, Berlin, Brandenburg; † 31 August 1811, Wohlau, Silesia), Royal Prussian major[78] in the 1st Hussar Regiment;[78] ∞ before 1783 with Johanna Sophie Zippelius (* 8 June 1755; † 21 August 1804, Winzig, Silesia)
- Grandson:
Fourth generation
Among his great-grandchildren, at least three fought in the Napoleonic Wars, one was elevated in his nobility to the rank of Baron, one became the sixth Knight of the Order of Pour le Mérite in the family, another became the second Knight of the Cross of the Royal Prussian Order of St. John Bailiwick of Brandenburg, and two were awarded the Knight of the Iron Cross 2nd Class.
- Great-grandson: Breslau[81]), Royal Prussian major, Knight of the Iron Cross 2nd Class,[81] Knight of the Cross of the Royal Prussian Order of St. John Bailiwick of Brandenburg[78][81] (1817), Royal Prussian Chamberlain,[78] and Castellan of Neuenrade in the County of Mark.[78] Elevated in his nobility to the rank of Baron.
- Great-grandson:
- Great-grandson: Commanding Officer of the 10th Prussian Division's Garrison Company[83] and Knight of the Iron Cross 2nd Class.[81][83]
Fifth generation
- Great-great-grandson: Christoph Ernst Friedrich von Forcade de Biaix (born 17 September 1821,[84] Büren near Paderborn;[85] died 18 July 1891 at de:Schloss Reckenberg,[85] in Lichtenfels, Hesse) was a German Rittergut owner, Appellate court Judge[86] in Hamm, Supreme Court Judge[86] in Berlin and Member of parliament in the German Reichstag.[85]
Titles and offices
Historical terms, in particular those related to offices, titles and awards, are often outdated in their usage to the point that modern dictionaries no longer contain them. To understand their meaning in the present day context it is necessary to look into dictionaries from the period. Historical terms in German used in the production of this article, and their English definitions, include:
Regimentschef
The appointment to Regimentschef, a Regimental Commander in the Prussian Army, was usually for life. For this reason, most regiments were known and referred to by the name of their Chef, the commander; for example, "Forcade's Regiment", instead of the "23rd Prussian Infantry Regiment".
Biaix – The Family Manor
The noble manor of Biaix (see also Manorialism) in the city of Pau and another house called Biaix du faubourg[14] located in what was the suburbs of the early 16th century city, were simultaneously ennobled on 20 September 1521, by letters patent of Henry II, King of Navarre, for Pierre de Biaix, at the time chancellor of Foix and Béarn.[14]
Noble Jean de Forcade, Seigneur de Rontignon,
Under intimidation from the policy of harassment of religious minorities through the use of
In turn, following his death in 1737, the property and the right to enter the Order of Nobility of the States of Béarn were passed to his eldest son, Jean-Jacob de Forcade de Biaix, (Seigneur de Biaix 1738[15]–?),[citation needed] before the noble Forcade-Biaix line in France extinguished. Although the noble line extinguished, the branches of the family continued at least well into the beginning of the 20th century, if not longer.
Following vicissitudes of fortune, the house in the outskirts of Pau, Biaix du faubourg, was acquired from the de Casaus family on 10 May 1710 by Noé Dufau, merchant furbisher, who was received in the Order of Nobility of the States of Béarn on 28 April 1717 as Seigneur de Biaix du faubourg. Noé Dufau died in 1739 and bequeathed it back to his niece and Goddaughter, Jean-Jacob de Forcade de Biaix's daughter, Marie-Jeanne de Forcade, Dame de Biaix, who later married Pierre de Casamajor.[15]
Because Biaix was acquired in 1659, any reference to earlier generations of the Forcade family line with "de Biaix" as a part of their name, as observed in older Prussian sources, are erroroneous.
Notes
- ^ a b c d Berlin-Friedrichstadt, Deaths Vol. 1716–1731, p. 198 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ a b c d Picamilh, Tome 1, Page 421 (in French)
- ^ Priesdorff, Band 1, Page 114, Nr. 188 (in German)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Zedlitz-Neukirch, Band 4, Page 390 (in German)>
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Verlag Buschak & Irrgang (1877), p. 281 (in German)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Zedlitz-Neukirch, Band 2, Page 179 (in German)
- ^ a b c d Hefner (1860), p. 373 (in German)
- ^ a b c d e f König, Band 1, Page 429 (in German)
- ^ a b Gieraths, Band 8, Page 79 (in German)
- ^ Kroener, Page 169
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w König, Band 1, Page 430 (in German)
- ^ a b c Blažek, Part 3, Page 131 (in German) Archived 27 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Wassermann, Pages 172–173 (in German)
- ^ a b c d e f g h Chaix d'Est-Ange, Tome 18, Page 315 (in French)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Chaix d'Est-Ange, Tome 18, Page 316 (in French)
- ^ a b Picamihl, Tome 1, Page 421 (in French)
- ^ a b c O'Gilvy, Tome 3, Page 173 (in French)
- ^ Pau, Culte réformé – Registre GG6 (in French)
- ^ Pau, Culte réformé – Registre GG8 (in French)
- ^ a b c d Pierre Danty, 1978, Page 269 (in French)
- ^ a b Pierre Danty, 1978, Page 270 (in French)
- ^ a b Béringuier, Page 11 (in German and French)
- ^ a b Pierre Danty, 1978, Page 271 (in French)
- ^ Lange, Page 91 (in German)
- ^ a b c Mauvillon (1756), pp. 200–204 (in French)
- ^ a b c Stenzel (1841), Band 3, Buch VI, 2nd Subchapter, p. 404 (in German)
- ^ Faßmann I – S . 206
- ^ a b c d e Savine (1909), p. 48 (in French)
- ^ Mauvillon (1741), pp. 326–330 (in French)
- ^ Historische Nachricht von der Stiftung der französischen Colonicn bei Gelegenheit des hundertjährigen Jubiläums v . 29 . Oct . 1786 . S . 50
- ^ Historische Nachricht S . 41 ff
- ^ Faßmann l . S . 257
- ^ Stenzel (1841), Band 3, Buch VI, 2nd Subchapter, pp. 404–405 (in German)
- ^ Stenzel (1841), Band 3, Buch VI, 2nd Subchapter, p. 378 (in German)
- ^ König l . S . 69
- ^ Stenzel (1841), Band 3, Buch VI, 2nd Subchapter, p. 405 (in German)
- ^ Historische Nachricht S . 44 ff
- ^ Luisenstadt-Berlin Calendar, September (in German)
- ^ Schöning and Schönning (1830), p. 198 (in German)
- ^ Schöning and Schönning (1830), p. 200 (in German)
- ^ Quartier-la-Tente (1903), p. 21 (in French)
- ^ Vol. 71, p. 114
- ^ a b Quartier-la-Tente (1903), p. 111 (in French)
- ^ Tyroff (1856), p. 4 (in German)
- ^ Champeaux, Page 105 (in French)
- ^ a b c d Kneschke, Band 3, Page 293 (in German)
- ^ a b c d e f Dienemann, Nachrichten vom Johanniterorden, Page 360 (in German)
- ^ Charlet & Arbez, Pages 223–264. (in French)
- ^ a b Berlin-Friedrichstadt, Marriages Vol. 1674–1707, Page 73 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ a b c d e Tollinen, Band III, Abteilung 1B, Page 65 (in German)
- ^ Zedlitz-Neukirch, Band 2, Page 436 (in German)
- ^ a b c d Zedlitz-Neukirch, Band 5, Page 245 (in German)
- ^ Prussia (1845), p. 56 (in French)
- ^ Prussia (1845), p. 7 (in French)
- ^ Berlin-Friedrichstadt, Vol. Baptisms 1673–1704, Page p. 392 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ Berlin Garrison Parish, Deaths 1735, p. 774 (in German manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ Tollinen, Band III, Abteilung 1B, Page 81, Nr. 72 (in German)
- ^ a b Tollinen, Band III, Abteilung 1B, Page 72 (in German)
- ^ a b Berlin-Friedrichstadt, Baptisms Vol. 1673–1704, p. 391 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ Berlin-Friedrichstadt, Deaths Vol. 1748–1773 p. 548 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ a b c Redern, Ragotsky, Hildebrandt (1887), Table 4, p. 27 (in German)
- ^ Tollinen, Band III, Abteilung 1B, Page 73 (in German)
- ^ a b Berlin-Friedrichstadt, Vol. Baptisms 1673–1704, Page p. 442 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ Tollinen, Band III, Abteilung 1B, Page 74 (in German)
- ^ Berlin-Friedrichstadt, Vol. Baptisms 1673–1704, Page p. 492 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ Geneanet, Christoph GRAF von POLIER's Family Tree
- ^ Encyclopédie des gens du monde, Répertoire Universel des Sciences, des Lettres et des Arts ; avec des Notices sur les Principales Familles Historiques et sur les Personnages Célèbres, Morts et Vivans ; par une Société de Savans, de Littérateurs et d'Artistes, Français et Etrangers. Volume 4, Part 1, p. 632 (in French)
- ^ a b c Königsberg Reformed Burgkirche, Vol. Deaths and Marriages 1687–1803, Page p. 99 (in German manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ a b Grundmann (1744), p. 318 (in German)
- ^ a b Berlin-Parochial, Vol. Marriages 1703–1753, Page p. 104, Nr. 6 (in German manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ Erman/Reclam (1799), p. 319 (in French)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Dufau de Maluquer, Tome 2, Page 474 (in French)
- ^ a b c d Dufau de Maluquer, Tome 2, Page 473 (in French)
- ^ a b Potsdam Evangelical Garrison Parish, Baptisms, Marriages and Burials Vol. 1756–1855, p. 515 (in French manuscript) (subscription required)
- ^ a b Heinsius, Issue 162, Page 418, Nr. 5 (in German)
- ^ AFrD: Rep. 33 – Mar.I,Nr.63
- ^ Lehman, Band 1, p. 18, Nr. 113 (in German)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Zedlitz-Neukirch, Band 4, Page 391 (in German)
- ^ Brüggermann (1784), Part 2, Band 1, p. 258, Nr. 2 (in German)
- ^ Heinsius, Issue 157, Page 471, Nr. 5 (in German)
- ^ a b c d e f Zedlitz-Neukirch, Band 2, Page 180 (in German)
- ^ VIFA – Ausländer im vorrevolutionären Russland, Institut für Ost- und Südeuropaforschung, Erik-Amburger-Datenbank, Datensatz: 86859 (in German)
- ^ a b c d Zedlitz-Neukirch, Band 4, Page 392 (in German)
- ^ Rheinland-Pfälzische Personendatenbank (in German)
- ^ a b c BIORAB Kaiserreich-Online (in German) Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b Datenbank der deutschen Parlamentsabgeordneten, 2. Wahlperiode (1874) (in German)
- ^ Archives Départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Jean d'Agoeix, E2048
References
- Archives Départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Série E: Notaires et tabellions, Pau, Jean d'Agoeix, E2048.
- Béringuier, Dr. Richard: Die Colonieliste von 1699. Rôle général des françois refugiez dans les estats de sa serénité electorale de Brandenbourg, comme ils se sont trouvez au 31. décembre 1699 ; Im Auftrage der geselligen Vereinigung der Mitglieder der französischen Colonie zu Berlin "Der Mittwochsgesellschaft", Berlin 1888, Pages 11, 258 and 262. (in German and French)
- Blažek, Konrad: J. Siebmacher's grosses und allgemeines Wappenbuch in einer neuen, vollständig geordneten und reich vermehrten Auflage mit heraldischen und historisch- genealogischen Erläuterungen; Sechsten Bandes Achte Abtheilung. Der abgestorbene Adel der Preussischen Provinz Schlesien. Dritter Theil, Nürnberg 1894, Page 131 & Page 267 Table 85. (in German)
- Chaix d'Est-Ange, Gustave:, Dictionnaire des Familles françaises anciennes ou notables à la fin du XIXe siècle: FEL – FOR, Tome 18, 1922, Pages 315–316. (in French)
- Champeaux, Joseph de: Devises, cris de guerre, légendes, dictons, Dijon 1890, Page 105. (in French)
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