Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve | |
---|---|
IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
Coordinates | 8°41′N 77°19′E / 8.683°N 77.317°E |
Area | 895 km2 (346 sq mi) |
Elevation | 1800 |
Established | 1988 |
Website | kmtr |
Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR) located in the South Western Ghats montane rain forests in Tirunelveli district and Kanyakumari district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, is the second-largest protected area in Tamil Nadu. It is part of the Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve.[1]
History
The Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve was created in 1988 by combining
The continuation of "Project Tiger" in Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve for fiscal year 2010–2011, at the cost of Rs. 19,433,000, was approved by the National Tiger Conservation Authority on 28 August 2010.[3]
Geography
The reserve is located between latitude 8° 25' and 8° 53' N and longitude 77° 10' and 77° 35' E, about 45 km west of
The reserve spans a range of 40 to 1,800 m in elevation.
Conservation
KMTR forms part of the inter-state (
The Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment has developed and implemented a conservation intervention program in KMTR to decrease local villagers' dependency on the forests for fuel to and build community awareness about the value of biodiversity in the area.[7]
"Agasthya", the KMTR newsletter, includes updates on research projects and staff activities at KMTR. The contents of the first issue included: "A Sanctuary for
Tigers are also protected in Tamil Nadu at
Flora and fauna
KMTR has at least 150
Habitat use by the grey junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii) at Mundanthurai plateau, Tamil Nadu, was investigated from December 1987 to March 1988.[10]
Settlements
The Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve has a large number of employees of the Electricity Board and Public Works Department who stay in three colonies and work at Karayar, Upper Dam, Servalar and Upper Kodayar reservoirs within the reserve. Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation has a 33.88 km2 land in the core area of the reserve leased from singampatti zamin valid until 2028. The company has tea and coffee plantations and three factories, and employs about 10,000 workers in the reserve.
There are several small estates and five Kani Tribal habitations, consisting of about 102 families. About 145 hamlets situated within 5 km of the 110 km eastern boundary of the reserve are inhabited by 100,000 people. There are about 50,000 cattle grazing out of these fringe villages, with a small number of cattle owned by the tea estate workers and residents of the electricity board colonies.[11]
On 18 January 2018, the state government passed instructions to the Tirunelveli district collector and the state forest department to notify the entire area that originates at Thamirabharani river as a reserve forest. The state forest department sought the government to convert all tea estate areas leased out to private parties to be brought back under the forest cover. On 12 January 2018, the governor of the state declared new forest boundaries for Kalakad and Mundanthurai that caters water to five southern districts.[12]
See also
References
- ^ "Agasthyamala | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
- ^ ENVIS List of Proposed National Parks in India, 2006
- ^ S.P. Yadav, Deputy Inspector General of Forests (PT) (28 August 2010), "Centrally Sponsored Plan Scheme 'Project Tiger' Administrative Approval for funds release to Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu during 2010-11." (PDF), No. 4-1(32)/2010-PT, New Delhi: National Tiger Conservation Authority, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2011, retrieved 2 February 2011
- ^ Tamil Nadu Forest Dept. Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve Archived 27 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine, 2007
- ^ Samrakshan, PEACE–ELDF, "Lessons Learned from Eco-Development Experiences in India", June 2004, pp 255-275.[1] Archived 28 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ UNESCO, World Heritage sites, Tentative lists, Western Ghats sub cluster, Agasthyamalai. retrieved 20 April 2007 World Heritage sites, Tentative lists
- ^ Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment ATREE Archived 15 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Ganesh T. (March 2007) "Agasthya" ATREE, Bangalore, retrieved 3 April 2007 "Agasthya" Archived 28 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Wildlife Institute of India, Species Database, National Wildlife Database, Status and Distribution of Tiger (Panthera tigris).National Wildlife Database.
- ^ Sathyakumar, S. (2006). "Habitat use by Grey Junglefowl Gallus sonneratii Temminck at Mundanthurai Plateau, Tamil Nadu" (PDF). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 103 (1): 57–61. Archived 6 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Project Tiger, Reserve Guide: Kalakad–Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, retrieved 13 May 2007 Kalakad–Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve Archived 26 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "KMTR to be free without human habitation". deccanchronicle.com/. 19 January 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
External links
- http://www.dinakaran.com/News_detail.asp?Nid=364291
- Dinamani - Website opened for Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
- Oneindia - Tourism Website for Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
- http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/tamil-nadu/article2334108.ece
- Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve