Kingdom of Hereti

Kingdom of Hereti ჰერეთის სამეფო
893–1020s
King
Historical era	Early Middle Ages
• Established	893
• Disestablished	1020s
Succeeded by Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti
Today part of	Countries today Georgia Azerbaijan Russia

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The Kingdom of Hereti (

According to traditional accounts, the name of the province originated from the legendary patriarch "Heros", the son of Thargamos, who founded the city of Hereti (later known as Khoranta) at the Alazani River.

Background

From the earliest times, Hereti came under the rule of the

As a reward for the contribution in the struggle against the Arab occupation, the Iberian ruler (erismtavari) Archil gave Hereti to the noble family of Bagrationi in the 740s–750s. After the death of the last Iberian princes John and Juansher, the Heretian lords extended their fiefdoms and, in 787, established an independent principality (samtavro) with the capital in Shaki.

History

Its first recorded ruler,

Kakhetian principality, allied himself with King Constantine III of Abkhazia and, in 915, campaigned against King Adarnase II Patrikios. The allies occupied and divided the country but for a short time as Adarnase Patrikios soon reconquered what had been lost. The kingdom survived Kakhetian attacks but lost Caucasian Albania to its Sallarid (Iranian Azerbaijan) neighbour. Adarnase married Queen Dinar, a daughter of Adarnase III of Tao, with whom he had a son Ishkhanik.

Ishkhanik was the son and successor of Adarnase Patrikios. Under Ishkhanik, Hereti was forced to recognize the supremacy of the stronger neighbour, Principality of Daylam, ruled by the Salarid dynasty. According to The Georgian Chronicles, Queen Dinar, during the reign of her son Ishkhani, converted Hereti to the Eastern Orthodox confession and abandoned the Oriental Orthodox confession in the 10th century. In 950, Ishkhanik took advantage of the bitter power struggle in the Sallarid state, and ceased to pay tribute effectively restoring his independence.

The next Heretian ruler, John (Ioane Senekerim, 951–959), during his reign kingdom of Hereti reached a climax of power and prestige, mainly after the annexation of the right bank of Caucasian Albania. Armenian historian Movses Kaghankatvatsi calls him "restorer of the Kingdom of Albania". Later he annexed parts of Kakheti and adopted the title of "King of the Tsanars". John had good relations towards the representatives of the Sallaried Dynasty and with David III Kuropalates of Tao. Like his father and his grandmother Queen Dinar, he contributed a lot to the conversion of his kingdom. He died in 959 without an heir.

The area then was contested between his successor,

• Caucasian Albania
• History of Georgia
• Kakheti
• Saingilo

References

Literature

• Papuashvili, T. Problems of Heretian history. Tbilisi, 1970. (in Georgian)
• Papuashvili, T. Kingdom of the Rans and Kakhs. Tbilisi, 1982. (in Georgian)

External links

• ყველაფერი ჰერეთის შესახებ Archived 2017-12-04 at the Wayback Machine (in Georgian)