Krajina
Krajina (pronounced and today denoting a region or province, usually remote from urban centers.
Etymology
The
Proto-Slavic *krajina, derived from *krajь, related to *krojiti 'to cut';[1][2] the original meaning of krajina thus seems to have been 'place at an edge, fringe, borderland', as reflected in the meanings of Church Slavonic краина, kraina.[2]
In
Kyivan Rus',[3]
meaning specifically region or land itself rather than borderland.
In most
Slovenian, this word means land and march. To these languages, the word krajina was derived from Proto-Slavic *krajь, just like in Serbo-Croatian
.
The name of Ukraine has a similar linguistic origin (it is a combination of two words У — U which means In and країна — kraina which literally means country or land in Ukrainian). And here it goes "Ukraine", in Ukrainian Україна. Compare Deutschland is a combination of two words Deutsch and land.
In some
borderland of a country (sometimes with an established military defense), and secondarily to a region, area, or landscape.[2][4]
Krajina is also a surname, mostly among South Slavic language speakers. The word kraj can today mean an end, extremity, region, land or area.
Geographical regions
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- medieval Bosnia the region was known as Donji Kraji.
- Cazinska Krajina is the borderland of Bosnia adjacent to Croatia around the city of Cazin. Today it constitutes Una-Sana Canton.
Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia
- Krajina, medieval name for the region(s) in Lower Neretva and western Herzegovina in today's Bosnia and Herzegovina. It extended in the east-west direction from the lower course of the river Neretva in the east to the river Cetina in the west, and in the south-north direction from the rivers Vrljika and Trebižat and the mountains Dinara, Mosor and Biokovo in the north to the Adriatic Sea.
- Neretvanska krajina, historical area west of the river Neretva and southwest of Imotski;[5] including a part of the peri-littoral area near Makarska in Croatia is called Krajina;
- Zagorain southern Croatia, west of Cetinska krajina;
- Zagora, in southern Croatia, around the city of Vrgorac, southwest of Herzegovina and west of the Neretva valley, east of Imotska krajina;
- , northwest of Cetinska krajina (sometimes considered as part of Cetinska krajina);
- Imotsko polje;
- Sinjsko polje.
Croatia
- kъrainu (Krajina), medieval Glagolitic name of a Croatian province on the Baška tablet (c. 1100).
- municipality of Krajina, a former municipality located between Split and Imotski in southern Croatia, existed from 1912–1945;
- also the name of the soccer club from Imotski.
- Zagorain southern Croatia.
- Istarska krajina, historical region in western Croatia, central area of Istria.
- Kninska Krajina, region around Knin in southern Croatia, north of Drniška krajina and northeast of Cetinska krajina.
- , southeast of Vrlička krajina (sometimes considered as part of Cetinska krajina).
Montenegro
- Skadar Lakeon its northern edge.
Poland
- Krajna, historical region on the border between Greater Poland and Pomerania.
Serbia
- Timok River.
- Negotin Valley (Serbian: Неготинска Крајина, romanized: Negotinska Krajina), a part of the Timok Valley around the city of Negotin.
- Austrian-Turkish war.
Slovenia
- White Carniola (Slovene: Bela krajina), borderland of Slovenia adjacent to Croatia.
Political regions
Subdivisions of Austria-Hungary:
- Serbo-Croatian: Vojna krajina, German: Militärgrenze), borderland of Austrian Empire against the Ottoman Empire. It was further divided into:
- Banat Krajina(on the Serbian-Romanian border);
- Croatian Krajina(on the border of western Croatia and Bosnia);
- Slavonian Krajina(on the border of Serbia and eastern Croatia with Bosnia).
Political units formed by rebel Serbs at the beginning of the Croatian War of Independence (1991–95):
- Republic of Serbian Krajina (1991–95)
- SAO Krajina
- SAO Kninska Krajina, used by some since the Yugoslav Wars to signify two regions, Kninand its surroundings, and to a larger extent Krajina proper (the main portion of the Republic of Serb Krajina).
- SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia, sometimes called Podunavska Krajina
Political unit formed by Serbs in the prelude (1991) to the Bosnian War (1992–95):
Where the term Serbian Krajina or Krajina alone is used, it most often refers to the former Republic of Serbian Krajina.
In Russia:
- In territories of Russia, a second-level subdivision.
In Slovakia:
- In Slovak, kraj is used for the regions of Slovakia, a first-level subdivision.
In the Czech Republic:
- In Czech, kraj is used for the regions of the Czech Republic, a first-level subdivision.
In Ukraine:
- In Ukrainian, krajina (країна) means 'country, land', while Ukrajina is the country's name. See also: Name of Ukraine.
People
- Krajina Belojević, a 9th-century Serbian duke in the Principality of Serbia
See also
References
- ^ a b Rick Derksen (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon, Brill: Leiden-Boston, page 244
- ^ a b c d *krajina in Oleg Trubačóv (ed.) (1974–), Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages], Moscow: Nauka, volume 12, pages 87-88
- ^ Стлб. 653:8, 663:31-33. // ПСРЛ. — Т. 2. Ипатьевская летопись. — СПб., 1908. — Стлб. 652—673. — Ізборник.
- ^ Group of authors (1969). "Кра̏јина". Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика, vol. 3 (in Serbo-Croatian). Novi Sad/Zagreb: Matica srpska/Matica hrvatska. p. 30.
- ISBN 953-95132-0-0
- Karlo Jurišić, Lepantska pobjeda i makarska Krajina, Adriatica maritima, sv. I, (Lepantska bitka, Udio hrvatskih pomoraca u Lepantskoj bitki 1571. godine), Institut JAZU u Zadru, Zadar, 1974., str. 217., 222., (reference from Morsko prase)