Kurapaty
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Kurapaty (Belarusian: Курапаты, IPA: [kuraˈpatɨ]) is a wooded area on the outskirts of Minsk, Belarus, where a vast number of people were executed between 1937 and 1941 during the Great Purge by the Soviet secret police, the NKVD.[1]
The exact count of victims is uncertain, as NKVD archives are classified in Belarus.[2] According to various sources, the number of people who perished in Kurapaty is estimated to be at least 30,000 (according to the Attorney General of BSSR Tarnaŭski), up to 100,000 people (according to "Belarus" reference book),[2][3] from 102,000 to 250,000 people (according to the article by Zianon Pazniak in the "Litaratura i Mastactva" newspaper),[4][5] 250,000 people (according to Polish historian and professor of University of Wrocław Zdzisław Julian Winnicki ),[6] and more (according to the British historian Norman Davies).[7] Most of the victims were the Belarusian intelligentsia.[1]
In 2004, Kurapaty
Discovery and remembrance
The discovery by historian
In 2001, when the Kurapaty site was threatened by a planned widening of the Minsk Ring Road, youth from the Belarusian Popular Front, Zubr, and smaller organizations occupied the site and sat out a bitter winter in tents, trying to halt the road construction, however with no success.
On October 29, 2004, the
Each year in November, on Dziady (the All Saints or the day when Belarusians commemorate their deceased forefathers), hundreds of people visit this site of crimes of Soviet political repression.
Gallery
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Kurapaty 1989 (Kalinowski street)
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Kurapaty, 1989
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Minsk ring road under construction through the Kurapaty massacre site (2001)
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Protesters' tent (2001)
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Police watch over protesters (2001)
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Crosses and 1989 memorial stone at center of site (2001)
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Close-up of memorial stone (2001)
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Remnant of a memorial placed by US President Bill Clinton, later destroyed (2001)
See also
- Bykivnia
- Dem'ianiv Laz
- Great Purge
- Katyn massacre
- NKVD massacres of prisoners
- Vinnytsia massacre
References
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (April 2009) |
- ^ Lrt.lt. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ RFE/RL, 28.10.2009
- ^ Даведнік «Беларусь». – Мн.: «Беларуская энцыкляпэдыя», 1995.
- ^ З. Пазьняк, Я. Шмыгалёў, М. Крывальцэвіч, А. Іоў. Курапаты. – Мн.: Тэхналогія, 1994.
- ^ Kurapaty // Zaprudnik, Jan. Historical Dictionary of Belarus. — Lamham. — London: Scarecrow Press, 1998. p. 139.
- ISBN 8388178261. — С. 77—78.
- ISBN 8324004599. – С. 195
- ^ Постановлениe Министерства культуры № 15 «О зонах охраны материальной недвижимой историко-культурной ценности «Место уничтожения жертв политических репрессий 30-40-х годов XX века в урочище Куропаты» (2004)/ref Читать полностью: http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2012/10/25/ic_articles_116_179689/
- ^ "US President Bill Clinton Visited Minsk 24 Years Ago". charter97.org. Retrieved 2020-09-04.
Bibliography
- Kuropaty: The Investigation of a Stalinist Historical Controversy by David R. Marples - Slavic Review Vol. 53, No. 2 (Summer, 1994), pp. 513–523
- 'Kurapaty The Road of Death' ISBN 5857001498
External links
- Kurapaty – The Road of Death
- Kurapaty memorial in danger: business versus historical memory at the Wayback Machine (archived 2022-11-28) Belarus Digest
- Kurapaty (1937–1941): NKVD Mass Killings in Soviet Belarus