List of killings by law enforcement officers in the United Kingdom

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This list of people killed by law enforcement officers in the United Kingdom documents cases of people who died directly or indirectly because of the actions of British

colonies or other political entities subject or previously subjected to the direct control of the government of the United Kingdom. It also excludes deaths for which other government agents are responsible, such as deaths as a result of actions of the British Armed Forces
.

Many of the killings were by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) during the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Police in Northern Ireland killed 56 people during the conflict, including at least 30 civilians and at least 20 paramilitary members.[1][2]

Single deaths in a single incident

2020s

Name Date Location Police force Result of police action Description Ruling
Bryce Hodgson 30 January 2024 Southwark, London Metropolitan Police Direct Shot by police after breaking in to a property armed with a crossbow and other weapons.[3]
Giedrius Vasiljevas 23 November 2023 Dagenham, London Metropolitan Police Direct Shot by police after threatening to take his own life with a gun.[4]
Helen Holland 10 May 2023 West London, London Metropolitan Police Direct A police motorcycle escorting Sophie, Duchess of Edinburgh struck 81-year-old Helen Holland at an intersection. Holland was hospitalised and later died.[5]
Sergii Kuzmenko 20 December 2022 Carlisle, England Cumbria Constabulary Direct Shot after making threats with a knife at a property in Carlisle.[6] Inquest opened in January 2023. No further news as to ruling as of December 2023.[7]
Marius Ciolac 7 October 2022 Derby, England Derbyshire Constabulary Direct Armed officers shot a man allegedly wielding a knife outside a police station. Taser and baton rounds were reported to have been discharged at the male before he was finally shot, a number of knives were found at the scene of the incident.[8] Inquest opened in November 2022 and adjourned to a date yet to be fixed.[9]
Chris Kaba[10]
 5 September 2022
Streatham Hill
, London 		Metropolitan Police Direct Police followed a vehicle being driven by Chris Kaba. Vehicle stopped after being blocked by Armed Police. Kaba was subsequently shot and taken to hospital where he died.[11] The officer was suspended from duty while being investigated for murder, the case was referred to the Crown Prosecution Service by the police in 2023. Inquest opened in October 2022.[12]
Unidentified Man 11 December 2021 Kensington, London Metropolitan Police Direct Police responded to reports of a man with a firearm in Kensington after he raided a bank and bookmakers.

Around 20 minutes later, police shot the gunman dead as he travelled in the back of a taxi. A non police firearm was recovered from the scene.[13]

Odichukumma Kelvin Igweani 26 June 2021 Milton Keynes, England Thames Valley Police Direct Police were called to a property in Milton Keynes where they found a young child seriously injured and another man dead after reportedly trying to save the child. A taser was deployed before officers shot the assailant dead.[14][15] Lawfully killing[16]
Graham Trinder 8 November 2020 Swindon, England Wiltshire Police Direct Wiltshire Police reported attending a call of two men "arguing in the street", during this incident, a man was shot dead by a responding officer. Cleared of any misconduct by the IOPC and it was stated a non-police issue firearm was found at the scene.[17] Inquest opened in November 2020[18]
Badreddin Abadlla Adam 26 June 2020 Glasgow, Scotland Police Scotland Direct Adam was shot by armed officers after he stabbed several people at the Park Inn Hotel in Glasgow.[19]
Hassan Yahya 8 March 2020 Westminster, London City of London Police[20] Direct Shot after challenging officers with knives.[21]
Sudesh Amman 2 February 2020 Streatham, London Metropolitan Police Direct Shot after stabbing three people with a machete while wearing a fake explosive belt.[22][23] Lawfully killing[24]
William Cameron 6 January 2020 Loddon Valley police station, Berkshire Thames Valley Police Unknown A police sergeant and a health care professional are subject to a criminal investigation in relation to his death after he arrived at the Loddon station in a state of unconsciousness.[25][26]

2010s

Name Date Location Police force Result of police action Description Ruling
Usman Khan 29 November 2019 London City of London Police and Metropolitan Police Direct Khan stabbed five people – two of whom later died – in the vicinity of London Bridge. He was wearing a fake explosive vest, and was shot 11 times by police, dying at the scene.[27][28] Lawful killing[29]
Leroy Junior Medford 2 April 2019 Reading, England Thames Valley Police Indirect Medford was arrested on 1 April 2019. While in custody he swallowed drugs he was carrying.[30] Despite several opportunities to implement the Drugs Standard Operating Procedure, officers failed to do so. Proper care and monitoring was not provided, leading to his deteriorating health being unnoticed. He later died in hospital.[31] Failure to implement, the Drugs Standard Operating Procedure.[31]
Trevor Smith 15 March 2019 Birmingham, England West Midlands Police Direct Shot by police who surrounded a property. Police said a non-police issued firearm was recovered from the property.[32] Lawful killing[33]
Sean Fitzgerald 4 January 2019 Coventry, England West Midlands Police Direct Shot, while unarmed, during an arrest operation at a property. Witnesses reported hearing four or five gunshots. Two other men were arrested at the scene on suspicion of cultivating cannabis.[34]
Richard Cottier 9 April 2018 Romford, London Metropolitan Police Direct Cottier called police in the early hours of the morning telling them he had taken an overdose and claiming he had a gun. A member of the public also informed police of a man with a gun. Officers found Cottier at a petrol station and fired two shots. He died at the scene.[35][36] Lawful killing[37]
Nuno Cardoso 24 November 2017 Oxford, England Thames Valley Police Indirect After being confronted by officers at his student residence at Ruskin College, Oxford, Cardoso was wrestled to ground, held face down with an officer sitting on his legs. He was then struck with a baton to the back of his knee.[38] Cardoso collapsed in the back of a police van due to ingestion of alcohol, cocaine and morphine.[39][40] Officers failed to follow guidance to take him to a nearby hospital, instead heading to Abingdon Police station, before his collapse en route.[41] Uncritical narrative conclusion[41]
Spencer Ashworth 27 September 2017 Portishead, England Avon and Somerset Police Direct Police responded to reports of a man in a car with a handgun threatening other drivers. Firearms officers discharged 15 rounds of ammunition during the incident after Ashworth raised his weapon and fired at police.[42] After shots had been fired he was removed from the car by officers, who began resuscitation attempts. A non-police issued firearm (air pistol) was recovered.[43] Lawful killing[44]
Khalid Masood[45] 22 March 2017 Westminster, London Metropolitan Police Direct After using a vehicle to hit and kill pedestrians on Westminster Bridge, Masood ran into the grounds of the Palace of Westminster, where he fatally stabbed an unarmed police officer. An armed police officer, believed to have been the Metropolitan Police close protection officer for Michael Fallon, the Secretary of State for Defence, witnessed the stabbing, ran towards the scene and fatally shot Masood.[46] Lawful killing[47]
Yassar Yaqub[48]
 2 January 2017 Huddersfield, England West Yorkshire Police Direct Yaqub was shot by police at junction 24 of the M62, after they received a tip-off that people in the vehicle were in possession of a firearm.[49] A firearm was recovered from the scene.[50] Lawful killing
Lewis Skelton[51] 29 November 2016 Hull, England Humberside Police Direct Police responded to reports of Skelton wielding an axe, and after deploying tasers, he was shot by armed response officers and died of his wounds in hospital.[52][53] Unlawful killing. The firearm's officer who shot Skelton did not face misconduct proceedings.[54]
Josh Pitt[55] 9 November 2016 Luton, England Bedfordshire Police Direct Police responded to assist a woman in a flat. After police arrival, Pitt barricaded himself in a room with a hostage and a number of knives, making threats to hurt the hostage. A taser was deployed but despite this he attempted to stab a police officer and was shot in the chest.[56] He was treated by officers and paramedics before being taken to hospital, where he died. Police recovered a "number of knives".[57] Lawful killing[56]
Dalian Atkinson 15 August 2016 Telford, England West Mercia Police Indirect (underlying health condition) Police responded to a call that Atkinson was in a "manic state" and was threatening to kill his father.[58] After being tasered, Atkinson went into cardiac arrest on the way to hospital, where he was pronounced dead.[59] Unlawful killing. One police officer involved was found guilty of manslaughter and was given an eight-year prison sentence.[60]
William Smith[61] 2 May 2016 Goudhurst, England Kent Police Direct Police fatally shot Smith during an armed operation. Smith was on bail in connection with the death of a 73-year-old man.[61] Non-police issue firearms were recovered from the address in question.[62] Lawful killing[63]
James Wilson[64] 29 March 2016 South Shields, England Northumbria Police Direct Wilson was shot by a plastic bullet, and a live round from a police firearm after he refused to lower the rifle he was carrying, after being told to do so seven times.[65] He was taken to hospital, but died on 1 April.[64] Lawful killing[66]
Jermaine Baker[67]
 11 December 2015 Wood Green, London Metropolitan Police Direct Three men were planning to free Izzet Eren, who was being taken in a prison van to Wood Green Crown Court over firearms offences. Armed police intercepted the men. Baker, who was in the front seat, was fatally shot as police surrounded his vehicle. He was unarmed, although there was an imitation Uzi in the rear foot-well behind the driver's seat.[68][69] Lawful killing[70]
Richard Davies[71] 21 October 2015 St Neots, England
Cambridgeshire Police
 Direct Davies threatened to kill his children and fired at police a number of times before he was shot once in the chest and killed by officers.[71] Lawful killing[72]
James Fox[73] 30 August 2015 London Metropolitan Police Direct Shot by police after reportedly making threats to kill both a child and adult.[74] An air pistol was recovered from the scene.[75] Lawful killing[74]
Sheku Bayoh[76] 3 May 2015 Kirkcaldy, Scotland Police Scotland Unclear (inquest ongoing) Bayoh was taken into police custody whilst α-PVP was in his system. It was reported he had been brandishing a knife but this was later disproved by video footage. He sustained bruising from police batons, had his arms and legs restrained and died of asphyxiation in police custody. Inquest ongoing
Matthew Williams[77] 6 November 2014 Argoed, Wales Gwent Police Indirect (combination of police restraint and fatal drug overdose)[78] Williams, who had recently been released from prison, attacked and killed a 22-year-old woman, identified as Cerys Yemm. Police responded to a 999 call to find Williams eating Yemm's corpse and shouted a warning, which Williams ignored. PC Alan Cotterell and several unidentified officers then tasered Williams before handcuffing him. Williams became unresponsive and died shortly after.
Dean Joseph[79][80][81] 5 September 2014 London Metropolitan Police Direct Shot by a police marksman after holding a woman at gunpoint in an armed standoff.[82] Lawful killing[82]
Anthony Grainger
 3 March 2012 Culcheth, England Greater Manchester Police Direct Grainger was shot by police while sitting unarmed in a stolen vehicle. In January 2014 the
Chief Constable Sir Peter Fahy under health and safety legislation over the shooting, and a full public inquiry into Grainger's death was announced in early 2016.[83]
 Greater Manchester Police found to be at fault.
Liverpool Crown Court
accepted an 'abuse of process' argument from the defence.
Mark Duggan
 4 August 2011 London Metropolitan Police Direct Duggan was known to possess illegal firearms. Police stated that officers were attempting to arrest Duggan on suspicion of planning an attack, and possession of a handgun. Duggan died from a gunshot wound to the chest. The killing resulted in public protests in Tottenham, which led to conflict with police and escalated into riots across London and other English cities. In January 2014 a jury returned the verdict of lawful killing.[85] Lawful killing[86]
Kingsley Burrell[87] 31 March 2011 Birmingham, England West Midlands Police Indirect (cardiac arrest following restraint) Died in hospital as a result of asphyxiation after being detained under the Mental Health Act and left in a face-down position on a hospital bed.[87] One police officer of the West Midlands Police was sacked due to gross misconduct having given a misleading account to investigators. His actions were not found to be contributory to Burrell's death.[88] Injuries from restraint were not found to be the cause of Burrell's death. Inconclusive
Marc Ringland 3 February 2011 Belfast, Northern Ireland Police Service of Northern Ireland Direct While robbing a petrol station armed with a knife, Ringland threatened an off-duty police officer, who then fired a single shot with his authorised personal protection handgun, fatally wounding him.[89]
Olaseni Lewis 3 September 2010 London Metropolitan Police Indirect (died as a result of restraint by police and medical staff) After being admitted to a mental health ward, Lewis died 3 days after a period of prolonged restraint by police officers. It was identified that a litany of failures by both police and medical staff contributed to Lewis's death.[90] The misconduct case was dismissed on 6 October 2017 as claims of wrongdoing were "unproven" and any failings were "performance matters".[91] Narrative conclusion after unlawful killing ruled out by coroner.[92]

2000s

Name Date Location Police force Description
Keith Richards[93] 12 May 2009 Shildon, England Durham Constabulary Shot after brandishing a crossbow and urging police to shoot him.[93]
Ian Tomlinson 1 April 2009 London Metropolitan Police Tomlinson collapsed and died after being struck by a police officer during the
2009 G-20 summit protests. After an inquest jury returned a verdict of unlawful killing, the officer, Simon Harwood, was prosecuted for manslaughter
. He was found not guilty but was dismissed from the police service for gross misconduct.
Mervyn Tussler[94] 8 May 2009 Fernhurst, England Sussex Police Tussler fired on police officers from his bed in his sheltered accommodation.[94] Inquest jury returned a verdict of lawful killing.[94]
David Sycamore[95] 30 November 2008 Guildford, England Surrey Police Shot after brandishing a replica pistol and saying he would "start shooting people".[95]
Andrew Hammond[96] 29 October 2008 Harold Hill, London Metropolitan Police Shot after pointing a replica AK-47 at armed police officers who responded to reports of a man brandishing a firearm in the street.[97]
Sean Rigg 21 August 2008 Brixton, London Metropolitan Police Rigg died following a cardiac arrest while in police custody at the entrance to Brixton police station. The Independent Police Complaints Commission concluded that there was no evidence of neglect or wrongdoing and that police had acted "reasonably and proportionately". The case became a cause célèbre for civil rights and justice campaigners in the UK, who called for "improvement and change on a national level" regarding deaths in police custody and police treatment of suspects with mental health issues.[98]
Habib Ullah[99] 3 July 2008 High Wycombe, England Thames Valley Police Suffered cardiac arrest whilst being restrained during search.
Mark Saunders[100] 6 May 2008 London Metropolitan Police Saunders fired a number of shots from his shotgun from his house at neighbouring houses. On arrival of armed police, he shot at them. After a lengthy standoff, he was shot by police when he pointed his firearm in their direction.[100]
Dayniel Tucker[101] 29 December 2007 Stansted, England Kent Police Shot after pointing a replica Uzi sub-machine gun at police.[101]
Ann Sanderson[102] 11 June 2007 Sevenoaks, England Kent Police Sanderson was shot in an armed standoff with police while armed with an air pistol. Sanderson had mental health issues and had bought an air gun days before her death. The case was ruled as a
lawful killing as Sanderson had instigated the incident.[103]
Terry Nicholas[104] 15 May 2007 Ealing, London Metropolitan Police Nicholas fired at police officers and was fatally shot by firearms officers.[104]
Robert Haines 31 October 2006 New Romney, Kent Metropolitan Police Haines undertook an armed robbery and fired at police. Police returned fire.[105] Haines died of his wounds en route to hospital.[106]
Steven Colwell 16 April 2006 Ballynahinch, Northern Ireland Police Service of Northern Ireland Shot after attempting to evade a police checkpoint in a stolen car.[107][108]
Philip Marsden[109] 19 December 2005 Meir, England Staffordshire Police Shot after adopting a "firing stance" while carrying an imitation firearm and a sword.[109]
Craig King[110] 11 September 2005 Ashton-under-Lyne, England Greater Manchester Police King had been involved in a disturbance where he was destroying property with a machete, before firing shots into a building occupied by unarmed police. On arrival of armed police, King pointed his .22 calibre rifle at them and was shot by police.[111]
Jean Charles de Menezes
 22 July 2005 London Metropolitan Police Menezes was a Brazilian man killed by officers at
failed bombing attempts. These events took place two weeks after the London bombings of 7 July 2005, in which 52 people were killed. The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) launched two investigations. In July 2006, the Crown Prosecution Service said that there was insufficient evidence to prosecute any named individual police officers, although a criminal prosecution of the Commissioner in his official capacity on behalf of his police force was brought under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, on the failure of the duty of care due to Menezes. The Commissioner was found guilty and his office was fined.[112][113]
John Mark Scott[114] 16 July 2005 Stocksfield, England Northumbria Police Scott assaulted a woman and then barricaded himself in a house.[115] He appeared at an upstairs window with what appeared to be a firearm and was shot by armed police.[116] A loaded firearm and ammunition were recovered from the address.
Azelle Rodney
 30 April 2005 London Metropolitan Police Rodney was shot six times by police, who stopped the car he was travelling in with two other men. Police had observed them picking up three weapons, believed to be MAC-10 sub-machine guns. After a public inquiry led by Lord Bach, it was found that the killing of Rodney was unlawful and eventually resulted in the case for prosecution of the officer who fired the fatal shots for the charges of murder. The jury found the officer not guilty.[117]
Simon Murden[110] 22 March 2005 Hull, England Humberside Police Murden was alleged to have been suffering a psychotic episode. He left his house and drove a van against the flow of traffic, crashing with another vehicle. Murden abandoned the vehicle and brandished a sword. Police shot and killed Murden. An independent inquest ruled it a lawful killing.[118]
Nicholas Palmer[110] 12 May 2004 Thornton Heath, London Metropolitan Police Palmer was killed while on bail for arms offences, his death ruled as being lawful.
Philip Prout[119][110] 4 May 2004 Cornwall Devon and Cornwall Police Prout was reported to have a machete and a firearm and to have made threats to kill. Police attended and surrounded his house and initiated negotiations. Prout emerged from the house brandishing a "samurai sword".[120] Officers attempted to fire a baton gun (which failed to fire twice) before he was shot by police.[121]
Keith Larkins[122] 6 June 2003 Heathrow Airport, London Metropolitan Police Larkins, who was reported to be mentally ill, shot blanks from a replica firearm. Two police officers then fired on Larkins, killing him. The incident was ruled as a lawful killing.[122]
Derek Bennett[123][110] 16 July 2001 Brixton, London Metropolitan Police Bennet threatened members of the public with a replica gun, then pointed it at armed police officers who fired on Bennet four times. Bennet had reportedly boasted to friends that the replica was real but on closer inspection it was revealed to be a novelty cigarette lighter. A verdict confirmed the case as a lawful killing.[124]
Andrew Kernan[125] 21 July 2001 Liverpool, England Merseyside Police Kernan suffered from schizophrenia and during an episode police were called to his home. He fled and brandished a samurai sword. After a stand-off, two shots were fired and Kernan was killed. After a four-year inquiry the killing was deemed lawful.[125]
Patrick O'Donell[123] 30 October 2000 Islington, London Metropolitan Police Shot after taking his mother and girlfriend hostage in a siege.
Kirk Davies[110] 24 September 2000 Wakefield, England West Yorkshire Police Davies walked into a police station with an
posttraumatic stress disorder after fighting in the Croatian Army during the Croatian War of Independence.[126]

1990s

Name Date Location Description
Harry Stanley
 22 September 1999 London, England He was returning home from a pub while carrying a table leg, in a plastic bag. Someone reported to police "an Irishman with a gun wrapped in a bag". Near his home, an armed response unit challenged Stanley from behind. As he turned to face them, they shot him dead from 15 feet (5 m).
Derek Bateman[110] 22 June 1999 Surrey, England Shot after his girlfriend told officers he was armed and was threatening to shoot her, or himself.
Anthony Kitts[110][127] 10 April 1999 Falmouth, Cornwall Shot after repeatedly aiming an air rifle at police.
Christopher Alder 1 April 1998 Kingston upon Hull, England Unlawfully killed by asphyxiation, having been placed unconscious and handcuffed on the floor of a police station.
Michael Fitzgerald[110][128] February 1998 Bedford, England Shot after aiming a replica Colt 45 at police, in his home, after he was mistaken for an armed burglar.
James Ashley
 15 January 1998 St Leonards-on-Sea, England Shot at his flat while unarmed and naked during a raid by armed officers.[129][110] The officer responsible was charged with murder and acquitted, and several senior officers were charged or disciplined.
David Howell[110] November 1996 Birmingham, England Psychiatric patient shot in at a Co-op supermarket.
Diarmuid O'Neill 23 September 1996 London, England IRA member, shot during police raid.
John Christopher Gardiner 10 May 1996 Blackburn, England Died of heart failure while in police custody following a struggle during his arrest.[130]
Ibrahim Sey[131] 16 March 1996 Ilford, England Died in Ilford police station. His wife had called police because he appeared to be having a mental breakdown. He was sprayed with CS gas, and four police officers restrained him, face down on the ground, for 15 minutes. When they noticed he was not breathing, an ambulance was called; when the ambulance arrived, he was dead, face down and wearing handcuffs.[132]
David Ewin[110] April 1995 London, England Former robber killed in a stolen car. Officer was tried and cleared of murder.
James Brady[110] April 1995 Newcastle, England Shot in a police ambush.
Richard O'Brien[133] 4 April 1994 London, England Died at Walworth Police Station after being arrested for being drunk and disorderly. An officer said O'Brien stopped breathing after holding him face down on the ground with his knee on O'Brien's back. The officer began mouth-to-mouth resuscitation while an ambulance was called.

The three officers involved were found not guilty of manslaughter. The prosecution alleged the officers used too much force to hold down O'Brien for more than five minutes, during which time he died of postural asphyxia. However, a pathologist for the defence said O'Brien had a heart attack due to his size and enlarged heart.

Robin Maxwell[134] 27 January 1994 Donaghadee, Northern Ireland Protestant civilian, shot during attempted robbery at filling station.
Joy Gardner 1 August 1993 Crouch End, London Gardner died after being detained during a police immigration raid on her home in
brain damage due to asphyxia.[136] She was placed on life support but died following a cardiac arrest four days later.[137] In 1995, three of the police officers involved stood trial for Gardner's manslaughter, but were acquitted.[138]
David Luckhurt[110][139] 18 April 1993 Cheshunt, Hertfordshire Shot at the end of a four-hour siege, after firing at officers surrounding his home.
Leon Patterson 27 November 1992 Manchester, England Died in police custody. MP Harry Michael Cohen said, "Leon Patterson, 31, was detained on remand at Stockport police station in November 1992. After six days he was transferred to Denton police station, where he died a few hours later. Covered in bruises, he received no proper medical treatment despite suffering diarrhoea and vomiting for several days. He was heavily dosed with Mogadon. The inquest said that he was unlawfully killed and that a failure of duty contributed to or caused his death; yet no one was prosecuted".[140]
Pearse Jordan 25 November 1992 Belfast, Northern Ireland IRA member, shot immediately after his car was stopped by an undercover Royal Ulster Constabulary mobile patrol.[134]
Gerard Maginn 3 November 1991 Belfast, Northern Ireland Catholic civilian, shot in the back of a stolen car.[134][141]
Kevin McGovern 29 September 1991 Cookstown, Northern Ireland Catholic civilian, shot by an undercover officer.[134]
Colm Marks 10 April 1991 Downpatrick, Northern Ireland IRA member, shot while preparing a mortar bomb.[134]

1980s

  • Seamus Duffy (9 August 1989 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot by plastic bullet.[134]
  • Keith White (14 April 1986 in Portadown, Northern Ireland) – Protestant civilian, shot by plastic bullet during a riot.[134]
  • Cherry Groce (28 September 1985 in Lambeth, London)
  • John Shorthouse (24 August 1985 in Birmingham, England)[142]
  • John Mikkelson, misadventure[143](July 1985 in London)[144]
  • Henry Foley (12 February 1985 in Southport, England) – severely beaten in police cell by officer, died of injuries in hospital. First time a UK police officer was convicted for a death in custody.
  • Gerard Logue (8 February 1985 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – shot while sitting in a stolen car.[134]
  • Sean McIlvenna (17 December 1984 in Blackwatertown, Northern Ireland) – IRA member, shot after being involved in a roadside bomb attack.[134]
  • Sean Downes (12 August 1984 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot by plastic bullet during protest march.[134]
  • Paul McCann (15 June 1984 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – INLA member, shot during gun battle after police surrounded a house.[134]
  • Seamus Fitzsimmons (14 May 1984 in Ballygally, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot during attempted post office robbery.[134]
  • Anthony Dawson (12 December 1983 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, killed in drive-by shooting by an off-duty police officer.[134]
  • Brigid Foster (28 November 1983 in Pomeroy, Northern Ireland) – passerby, shot after armed robbery at post office.[134]
  • John O'Hare (26 July 1983 in Lurgan, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot while running away after armed post office robbery.[134]
  • William Miller (16 March 1983 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – UVF member, shot while traveling in stolen car.[134]
  • Frank McColgan (20 January 1983 in Dunmurry, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot during car chase.[134]
  • Michael Tighe (24 November 1982 in Derrymacash, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot by undercover officers at a farm.[134]
  • Ronald Brennan (28 September 1982 in Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland) – Protestant civilian, shot during attempted post office robbery.[134]
  • Stephen Hamilton (19 October 1981 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – UDA member, shot while traveling in stolen car.[134]
  • Peter McGuinness (9 August 1981 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, died after being shot by plastic bullet.[134]
  • Nora McCabe (9 July 1981 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, died after being shot by plastic bullet.[134]
  • Paul Whitters (25 April 1981 in Derry, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, died after being shot by plastic bullet.[134]
  • Michael McCartan (24 July 1980 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot by undercover officer.[134]
  • Terence O'Neill (1 July 1980 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – IRA member, shot while running away from a community centre.[134]
  • Gail Kinchen (Shot 11 June 1980 in Birmingham, England. Died 4 weeks later) - Whilst being used as a human shield by David Pagett, Pagett discharged his shotgun, police officers returned fire hitting Gail three times.

1970s

  • James Kelly, killed in police custody (21 June 1979 in Liverpool, England)
  • Blair Peach
    (died 24 April 1979 in London, England)
  • William Strathearn (19 April 1977 in Ahoghill, Northern Ireland) – shot at his home by off-duty officers.
  • William "Billy" Hughes (14 January 1977, Rainow, Cheshire) – escaped prisoner, and mass murderer, shot dead by police marksman following a high speed pursuit.[145][146]
  • Edward Walker (11 June 1976 in Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland) – UDA member, shot while traveling in stolen car.[134]
  • Sean McDermott (5 April 1976 in Dunmurry, Northern Ireland) – IRA member, shot shortly after carrying out bomb attack on a hotel.[134]
  • Liddle Towers (9 February 1976 in Dryburn Hospital, County Durham, England) - died of injuries inflicted during a beating by police in cells.
  • Michael McVerry (15 November 1973 in Keady, Northern Ireland) – IRA member, shot during attack on police/army base.[134]
  • Michael Leonard (17 May 1973 in Pettigo, Northern Ireland) – shot while driving his car being chased by police.[134]
  • Albert Kavanagh (4 March 1972 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – IRA member, shot during attempted bomb attack on factory.[134]
  • Joseph Cunningham (10 February 1972 in Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland) – IRA member, shot during gun battle.[134]
  • Martin Forsythe (24 October 1971 in Belfast Northern Ireland) – IRA member, shot by undercover officers during bomb attack.[134]

1960s

  • Michael Lynch (15 August 1969 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot during the 1969 Northern Ireland riots.[147]
  • Samuel McLarnon (15 August 1969 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot during the 1969 Northern Ireland riots.[147]
  • Hugh McCabe (15 August 1969 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – British soldier on leave, shot while standing on a roof during the 1969 Northern Ireland riots.[147]
  • Patrick Rooney (14 August 1969 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – 9-year-old boy shot during the 1969 Northern Ireland riots.[147]
  • John Gallagher (14 August 1969 in Armagh, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot during the 1969 Northern Ireland riots.[147]
  • Samuel Devenney (17 July 1969 in Derry, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, died three months after being badly beaten by officers inside his home during a riot.[147]
  • James Griffiths (15 July 1969 in Glasgow, Scotland)[148]
  • Francis McCloskey (14 July 1969 in Dungiven, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, died after being hit on head with batons during a riot.[147]
  • Michael Joseph Ahern (9 September 1968 in London, England) - died after being beaten by police officers whilst handcuffed in Nine Elms Police Station.

Before the 1960s

  • James Crossan (24 August 1958 in Mullan, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland) – IRA member shot at border customs post during the Border Campaign.[149]
  • Aloysius Hand (2 July 1958 in Clontivern, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland) – IRA member killed in gun battle during the Border Campaign.[150]
  • James McKeown (11 May 1922 in Ballyronan, Northern Ireland) – Catholic civilian, shot in his home along with two brothers by Ulster Special Constables.[151]
  • Mary McGowan (11 July 1921 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) – 13-year-old Catholic girl, shot by Ulster Special Constables firing from an armoured car during Belfast's Bloody Sunday. The inquest concluded that they had "deliberately" shot her.[152]
  • Percy Toplis (6 June 1920 in Cumberland, England)
  • Maud Smith (7 June 1893 at Wormwood Scrubs, London) was killed by PC George Cooke, who was subsequently convicted of her murder and hanged.[153][154]
  • Michael Wise (24 August 1687 in Salisbury)

Multiple deaths in a single incident

Names Date Location Description
  • Khuram Shazad Butt
  • Rachid Redouane
  • Youssef Zaghba
 3 June 2017 Southwark, London Terrorists shot during the 2017 London Bridge attack
  • Mark Nunes
  • Andrew Markland
 13 September 2007 Chandler's Ford, Hampshire Armed robbers (see Chandler's Ford shooting). Nunes was shot by police when he aimed a handgun at the head of a security guard during a cash delivery. Markland was shot after he picked up Nunes's weapon.[155]
  • Darren Franey
  • Scott Veach
 2 March 2002 Liverpool, England Two 14-year-old boys killed after hitting a HGV vehicle, that Mersey Tunnels Police attempted to use as a rolling road block in order to stop them at approximately 100 Mph in a stolen vehicle. An inquiry led to the verdict of unlawful killing and led to Mersey Tunnels Police officers having to go through the same standard of police training as other police forces. Five officers were suspended for the incident however none of them faced any criminal charges. The incident led many to call for the policing of the tunnels to be transferred to Merseyside Police.

[156]

  • Patrick Loughran
  • Patrick McBride
  • Michael O'Dwyer
 4 February 1992 Belfast, Northern Ireland Catholic civilians shot by an off-duty Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) officer, Constable Allen Moore, in a Sinn Féin office in Belfast. The officer entered the building disguised as a journalist before opening fire with a shotgun. He killed himself shortly after.[157]
  • Michael Flynn
  • Nicholas Payne
 15 July 1987 Plumstead, London Shot by police during an attempted armed robbery of a wages van at an abattoir in Shooters Hill. The marksman feared for the life of the van driver and fired on three of the assailants. Two died at the scene; the third was injured by gunfire but survived.
  • Brendan Convery
  • James Mallon
 13 August 1983 Dungannon, Northern Ireland Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) members, shot while launching a gun attack on a Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) guard hut.[158]
12 December 1982 Armagh, Northern Ireland Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) members, shot by undercover officers at a vehicle checkpoint.[159] See shoot-to-kill policy in Northern Ireland.
  • Sean Burns
  • Gervaise McKerr
  • Eugene Toman
 11 November 1982
Craigavon
, Northern Ireland 		Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) members, shot by undercover officers at a vehicle checkpoint.[159] See shoot-to-kill policy in Northern Ireland.
  • Michael Herbert
  • Michael Cotton
 20 March 1974 Markethill, Northern Ireland British soldiers, shot by mistake. They had been driving civilian vehicles when they were shot by Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) officers, who believed the soldiers were paramilitaries.[160]
  • Michael Connors
  • John Mahon
 1 March 1972 Belfast, Northern Ireland Irish Travellers, shot during a police chase while in a stolen van.[161]
1 January 1957 Brookeborough, Northern Ireland Irish Republican Army (IRA) members shot while launching an attack on a Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) base during the Border Campaign.
  • Seamus McAllister
  • John Gore
  • John Hill
 23 June 1922 Cushendall, Northern Ireland A group of Ulster Special Constables opened fire on civilians in the village while preparing to enforce a nightly curfew. Special Constables summarily executed three young Catholic men by shooting them at close range. They claimed they were ambushed by the IRA and returned fire, but a British government inquiry concluded that this was not true. The report was not made public for almost a century.[162]
  • Thomas Crawley
  • Patrick Creggan
 13 June 1922 Lislea, Northern Ireland Ulster Special Constables forced the two Catholic men into the back of a police truck in Bessbrook. Their bodies were found riddled with bullets a few miles away.[163]
  • Charlie McAllister
  • Pat McVeigh
 24 May 1922 Glenariff, Northern Ireland Two Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteers killed in a firefight with the Ulster Special Constabulary.[164][165]
  • Francis Higgins
  • John Higgins Jnr
  • Henry McGeehan
  • James McGeehan
 19 May 1922 Desertmartin, Northern Ireland In revenge for the burning of a Protestant-owned mill, Ulster Special Constables took four Catholic men from their homes nearby, lined them up by the roadside and summarily executed them.[166]
  • John Mallon
  • Bernard McKenna
  • John McRory
  • William Spallen
  • Joseph Walsh
  • Michael Walsh
 1 April 1922 Belfast, Northern Ireland Arnon Street killings: Men in police uniform, believed to be Ulster Special Constables, broke into Catholic homes, shooting and beating six people to death, including a 7-year-old boy. It was believed to be in revenge for the Irish Republican Army (IRA) killing of a policeman.
  • Owen McMahon
  • Bernard McMahon
  • Frank McMahon
  • Gerard McMahon
  • Patrick McMahon
  • Edward McKinney
 24 March 1922 Belfast, Northern Ireland McMahon killings: Men in police uniform, believed to be Ulster Special Constables, broke into the home of a Catholic family and shot all males inside, killing six. It was believed to be in revenge for the Irish Republican Army (IRA) killing of two policemen.
  • Peter McGinnity
  • John O'Reilly
  • Thomas O'Reilly
  • Patrick Quinn
 6 July 1921 Altnaveigh, Ireland Men believed to be Ulster Special Constables took four Catholic men from their homes near Newry "for questioning" and summarily executed them.[167]
  • Owen Magill
  • Stephen Magill
 8 June 1921 Corrogs, Ireland The Irish Republican Army (IRA) ambushed an Ulster Special Constabulary patrol at Carrogs, near Newry. In reprisal, Special Constables went to the nearest farmhouse and fatally shot two Catholic brothers. The IRA fired on the Specials from a nearby hill, killing one and forcing them to withdraw.[168]

See also

References

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