List of local winds

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

This is a list of names given to winds local to specific regions.

Africa

  • Great Escarpment
    from the high central plateau to the coast in South Africa.
  • Cape Doctor, often persistent and dry south-easterly wind that blows on the South African coast from spring to late summer (September to March in the southern hemisphere).
  • Haboob, a sandstorm's fast moving wind which causes cold temperature over the area from where it passes. It mainly passes through Sudan of Africa continent.
  • Harmattan, a dry wind that blows from the northeast, bringing dust from the Sahara south toward the Gulf of Guinea.
  • Khamsin (khamaseen in Egypt) and similar winds named Haboob in the Sudan, Aajej in southern Morocco, Ghibli in Libya and Tunisia, Harmattan in the western Maghreb, Sirocco, a south wind from the Sahara and Simoom in the Arabian Peninsula.
  • Tsiokantimo (strong south wind blowing southwest Madagascar)

Asia

Central Asia

  • Karaburan ("power storm") (a spring and winter katabatic wind of Central Asia)[1]
  • Khazri (cold, coastal gale-force wind of north Caspian Sea)
  • Sukhovey (hot dry wind in the steppes, semi-deserts, and deserts of the Kazakhstan and the Caspian region)

Eastern Asia

Northern Asia

Southeast Asia

Southern Asia

Western Asia

  • Azerbaijan Republic
    )
  • N'aschi (northeastern wind on the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf, and on the Makran coast)
  • Rashabar (or Rashaba) ("black wind") (a strong wind in the
    Sulaimaniya)[4]
  • Shamal (a summer northwesterly wind blowing over Iraq and the Persian Gulf states)
  • Sharqi (seasonal dry, dusty Middle Eastern wind coming from the south and southeast)
  • Simoom (Samiel) (strong, dry, desert wind that blows in Israel, Jordan, Syria, and the desert of Arabia)
  • Wind of 120 days (a four-month-long hot and dry wind over the Sistan Basin in Iran and Afghanistan)

The Americas

Latin America and the Caribbean

Caribbean

  • Alisio (easterly trade wind in the Caribbean)[5]
  • Alize
     (northeasterly across central Africa and the Caribbean)
  • Bayamo (violent wind on Cuba's southern coast)
  • Brisote (the northeast trade wind when it is blowing more strongly than usual, in Cuba)[6]

Mexico

  • Cordonazo, also referred to as el cordonazo de San Francisco or the Lash of St Francis (southerly hurricane winds along the west coast of Mexico)
  • Coromuel (south to south-west wind in the La Paz area of the Baja California peninsula and the Gulf of California)
  • Norte (strong cold northeasterly wind in Mexico)

Central America

South America

  • Abrolhos (squall near the Abrolhos Islands off the coast of eastern Brazil)
  • Caju (stormy gale-force north-westerly in the Atlantic coast of Brazil)[citation needed]
  • Nordeste (moderate wind from northwest in brazilian Northeast region)
  • Carpinteiro (strong southeasterly wind along the southern Atlantic coast of Brazil)[citation needed]
  • Garua, la garúa, or garoa (dry winds hitting the lower western slopes of the Andes)[citation needed]
  • Minuano (southern Brazil)
  • Zonda wind (on the eastern slope of the Andes in Argentina)
  • Pampa
    , generally accompanied with a thick line of squalls, with severe rains, hail and thunderstorm.
  • Puelche (on the western slope of the Andes in south-central Chile)[7]
  • Sudestada, (strong offshore wind from the Southeast associated with most of the shipwrecks in Uruguay's Rio de la Plata coast)
  • Williwaw (strong, violent wind occurring in the Strait of Magellan, the Aleutian Islands, and the coastal fjords of Southeast Alaska)

North America

  • Alberta Clipper
     (fast-moving, frigid winter wind out of the central Canadian plains that swoops down across the U.S. Plains, Midwest and Great Lakes)
  • Brookings Effect
     (off-shore wind on the southwestern Oregon coast, United States; also known as the Chetco Effect)
  • Chinook (warm dry westerly off the Rocky Mountains)
  • Diablo (hot, dry, offshore wind from the northeast in the San Francisco bay)
  • The Hawk (cold winter wind in Chicago
    )
  • Jarbo Gap Wind (associated with and often referred to as a Diablo Wind; katabatic winds in the Northern Sierra Nevada in the vicinity of Jarbo Gap, often contributing to the growth of local wildfires)[8][9]
  • Montreal Express (an arctic cold air mass that sweeps across New England sometimes as far as Massachusetts... the term seems to be regional to New England)
  • Nigeq (a strong wind from the east in Greenland)[10]
  • Nor'easter (strong storm with winds from the northeast on the north eastern coast of the United States (particularly New England states) and the east coast of Canada (Atlantic Canada))
  • Texas Norther
     (fast-moving, stormy Arctic cold front that strikes Texas in winter, dropping freezing rain or sleet, a.k.a. Blue Norther because it sometimes appears as a low, blue, dense advancing cloud)
  • Piteraq (cold katabatic wind on the Greenlandic east coast)
  • Plough Wind (straight line wind which precedes thunderstorms or thunderstorm clusters)[11][where?
    ]
  • Santa Ana winds (dry downslope winds that affect coastal Southern California and northern Baja California)
  • Santa Lucia winds (a downslope wind affecting southern San Luis Obispo and northern Santa Barbara Counties, California)[citation needed]
  • fjords of British Columbia
    )
  • Les Suêtes (western Cape Breton Highlands) high speed southeasterly winds[12]
  • Sundowner, (strong offshore wind off the California
    coast)
  • Washoe Zephyr (seasonal diurnal wind in parts of western Nevada)
  • Williwaw (strong, violent wind occurring in the Strait of Magellan, the Aleutian Islands, and the coastal fjords of Southeast Alaska)
  • Witch of November
    , or November Witch (strong winds blowing across the Great Lakes in autumn)
  • Newfoundland
    )

Europe

  • Aquilone [it] (cold and usually strong northerly or northeasterly wind in Italy)
  • Autan [fr] (warm, föhn-type southeasterly wind in the Mediterranean Languedoc region)
  • Bise (cold, northern wind in France and northeastern wind in Switzerland)
  • Böhm
     (cold, dry wind in Central Europe)
  • Bora (northeasterly from eastern Europe to northeastern Italy and northwestern Balkans)
  • Burle (north wind which blows in the winter in south-central France)
  • Cers (strong, very dry northeasterly wind in the bas-Languedoc region in southern France)
  • Cierzo (cool north/northwesterly wind on Ebro Valley in Spain)
  • Crivăț (strong, very cold north-easterly wind in Moldavia, Dobruja, and the Bărăgan Plain parts of Romania.)
  • Etesian (Greek name) or Meltem (Turkish name) (northerly across Greece and Turkey)
  • Euro [it] (a warm and usually moderate wind from Africa that reaches the Ionian coast of Italy)
  • Euroclydon (a cyclonic tempestuous northeast wind in the Mediterranean)
  • North Italy. The name gave rise to the fén-fēng (焚風
    'burning wind') of Taiwan).
  • Gregale (northeasterly from Greece)
  • Halny (in northern Carpathians)
  • Helm (north-easterly wind in Cumbria, England)
  • Košava (strong and cold southeasterly season wind in Serbia)[13]
  • Viento de Levante or Levanter (easterly through Strait of Gibraltar
    )
  • Leste (hot, dry, easterly wind of the Madeira and Canary Islands)
  • Leveche
     (Spanish name for a warm southwest wind in parts of coastal Mediterranean Spain)
  • Libeccio (southwesterly towards Italy)
  • Llevantades (north-north-east and east-north-east on the east coast of Spain)
  • Dardanelles Strait
    .)
  • Maestro (cold northerly in the Adriatic Sea
    )
  • Marin (south-easterly from Mediterranean to France)
  • Mistral (cold northerly from central France and the Alps to Mediterranean)
  • Nordés (north-eastern wind in Galicia)
  • Ostro (southerly wind in the Mediterranean)
  • Poniente
    , ponente, or ponent (strong west to east wind formed by the wind tunnel effect of the Gibraltar Strait; see Levante for the opposite)
  • Sirocco (southerly warm and moist wind from north Africa to southern Europe, mostly to Southern Italy and to the Balkans)
  • Solano (south to south-easterly wind in the southern sector of Spain)
  • Tramontane (cold northwesterly from the Pyrenees or northeasterly from the Alps to the Mediterranean, similar to Mistral)
  • Vendavel (westerly through the Strait of Gibraltar)
  • Murlan (cold and dry northeasterly wind in winter in Albania, Montenegro and Northwestern part of North Macedonia)
  • Winds of Provence

Oceania

Australia

  • Black nor'easter (violent north-easterly storm that occurs on the east coast of Australia usually between late spring and early autumn)
  • Brickfielder (hot and dry wind in Southern Australia)
  • Perth, Western Australia
    during summer)
  • Southeast Australian foehn (a westerly föhn wind that affects southeastern Australia)
  • Southerly buster (rapidly arriving low pressure cell that dramatically cools southeast Australian cities such as Sydney and Melbourne during summer)

Hawaii

  • trade winds, bringing high humidity and often rain)[14][15]

New Guinea

New Zealand

  • Kaimai Breeze (turbulent wind with strong downdrafts in the Kaimai Range of North Island, New Zealand)[17]
  • Southern Alps
    , often accompanied by a distinctive arched cloud pattern)

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-444-51042-6
  2. ISBN 971-08-4357-5
    .
  3. ^ PAGASA Archived 2013-05-26 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ISBN 3-8047-0509-X
  5. ^ Lizano, Omar (2007). "Climatología del viento y oleaje frente a las costas de Costa Rica" (PDF). Ciencia y Tecnología. Retrieved 2016-02-04.
  6. ISBN 978-0-486-24218-7
    .
  7. ^ Miller A. World Survey of Climatology. Volume 12. Chapter 3. Climate of Chile.
  8. ^ "Highway 70 blaze 100 percent contained". Paradise Post. 2015-07-27. Retrieved 2018-11-19.
  9. ^ Newberry, Paige St John, Anna M. Phillips, Joseph Serna, Sonali Kohli, Laura (18 November 2018). "California fire: What started as a tiny brush fire became the state's deadliest wildfire. Here's how". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2018-11-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Stephen Pax Leonard, "Life in Greenland's polar desert", The Observer 2011-10-30
  11. ^ Government of Canada (2003-05-01), Twister Sisters Environment Canada, archived from the original on 2009-09-24, retrieved 2009-08-05
  12. ISBN 1-55081-119-3
  13. ^ Romanić D. Ćurić M. Jovičić I. Lompar M. 2015. Long-term trends of the ‘Koshava’ wind during the period 1949–2010. International Journal of Climatology 35(2):288-302. DOI:10.1002/joc.3981.
  14. ^ "Kona Low Drenches the State of Hawaii". www.weather.gov. NOAA, US Department of Commerce. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  15. OCLC 13734333
  16. ^ "Warm braw". ametsoc.org. Glossary of Meteorology, American Meteorological Society. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  17. ^ Richards, K., (2017) "Book Review: "New Zealand’s Worst Disasters. True Stories That Rocked a Nation"," Weather & climate, 37, 1, pp. 37–41. Retrieved 18 February 2024.
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