Louis Vuitton Foundation
Established | 20 October 2014 |
---|---|
Location | 8 Avenue du Mahatma-Gandhi 16th arrondissement of Paris, France |
Coordinates | 48°52′36″N 2°15′48″E / 48.87667°N 2.26333°E |
Visitors | 1.4 million (2017) |
Architect | Frank Gehry |
Owner | LVMH |
Website | fondationlouisvuitton |
The Louis Vuitton Foundation (
The actual cost of the museum, initially projected to be €100 million, was revealed in 2017 to have been nearly eight times that sum. A November 2018 report of the
History
In 2001,
The city of Paris which owns the park granted a building permit in 2007. In 2011, an association for the safeguard of the Bois de Boulogne won a court battle, as the judge ruled the centre had been built too close to a tiny asphalt road deemed a public right of way.
The museum opened to the public in October, at a reported cost of $143 million.[14] However, in May 2017, Marianne, a French news magazine, revealed that the final cost of the building had been €780 million (close to $900 million).[15]
Before the official opening, it provided the venue for Louis Vuitton’s women’s spring/summer 2015 fashion show.[16]
Architecture
Design
Upon Arnault's invitation, Frank Gehry visited the garden, and imagined an architecture inspired by the glass Grand Palais, and also by the structures of glass, such as the Palmarium, which was built for the Jardin d'Acclimatation in 1893.[17] The building site is designed after the founding principles of 19th century landscaped gardens. It connects the building with the Jardin d'Acclimatation at north, and the Bois de Boulogne to the south.
The two-story structure has 11 galleries of different sizes (in total 41,441 square feet),[18][19] a voluminous 350-seat auditorium on the lower-ground floor and multilevel roof terraces for events and art installations.[20] Gehry had to build within the square footage and two-story volume of a bowling alley that previously stood on the site; anything higher had to be glass.[21] The resulting glass building takes the form of a sailboat's sails inflated by the wind. These glass sails envelop the "iceberg", a series of shapes with white, flowery terraces.
The galleries on the upper floors are lit by recessed or partially hidden skylights.[22]
The side of the building facing Avenue Mahatma Gandhi, right above the ticket booth, holds a large stainless-steel LV logo designed by Gehry.[23]
According to Gehry's office, more than 400 people contributed design plans, engineering rules, and construction constraints to a shared Web-hosted 3D digital model.[24] The 3,600 glass panels and 19,000 concrete panels that form the façade were simulated and then molded by industrial robots working off the common model.[25] STUDIOS architecture was the local architect for the project spearheading the transition from Gehry's schematic design through the construction process in Paris to building space.[26] The consultants for the auditorium were Nagata Acoustics and AVEL Acoustics for the acoustics and Ducks Scéno as scenographer.
Construction
Construction began in March 2008. The realization of the 126,000-square-foot[27] project required innovative technological developments, from the design phase with the use of 3D design software, Digital Project, specially adapted for the aviation industry. All teams in project management worked simultaneously on the same digital model so that professionals could exchange information in real time.
Opposing this building project, an organization that protects the park, Coordination for the Safeguarding of the Bois de Boulogne, appealed to the Administrative Justice and successfully challenged both the land authorization, issued by a decision of the Council of Paris, and the building permit, leading to the latter being canceled on January 20, 2011.[28] To save the museum project, the city of Paris changed its planning regulations concerning land usage. In April 2011, concerning the building permit, the city and the Louis Vuitton Foundation received approval to continue the work. The association then appealed to the
In 2012, construction of the building reached a milestone with the installation of glass sails. These sails are made of 3,584 laminated glass panels,[30] each unique and specifically curved to fit the shapes drawn by the architect. The gallery sections are covered in a white fiber-reinforced concrete called Ductal.[31] The teams participating in the construction of the building have been awarded several architectural awards in France[32] and the U.S.[33]
Collection
The museum's collection, believed to be a combination of works owned by LVMH and Bernard Arnault, include works by Jean-Michel Basquiat, Gilbert & George, and Jeff Koons.[34] For site-specific installations, under the curatorship of Francesca Pietropaolo, the foundation commissioned works by Ellsworth Kelly, Olafur Eliasson, Janet Cardiff and George Bures Miller (starring Scott Tixier and Tony Tixier), Sarah Morris, Taryn Simon, Cerith Wyn Evans, and Adrián Villar Rojas.
Morris made the film "Strange Magic" (2014); Simon created the installation "A Polite Fiction" (2014). Kelly made a curtain, Spectrum VIII (2014), consisting of 12 coloured strips, for the building's auditorium. Eliasson created Inside the Horizon (2014), made up of 43 prism-shaped yellow columns that are illuminated from the inside and placed along a walkway.[35][36] Villar Rojas created "Where the Slaves Live" (2014), a water tank containing found objects, discarded sneakers and plants,[37] installed under one of the 12 glass "sails" that provide the Fondation's signature, swerving shape.[38]
Auditorium
The Auditorium can be used as a small concert hall. The inaugural recital was performed by Lang Lang on 24 October 2014. Other artists have included Tedi Papavrami, Yuja Wang, Vladimir Spivakov, Steve Reich, Chick Corea and Matthias Pintscher.[39]
Management
Funding
The museum was funded by LVMH and bears the name (and logo) of its flagship brand, Louis Vuitton.[40] The building will pass into the hands of the city's government after 55 years.[41]
See also
References
- ^ Steven Erlanger and Marie-Pia Gohin and Amelia Hamburg (April 7, 2011), Tycoon’s Project: Nimby With a French Accent. The New York Times.
- ^ Willsher, Kim (October 18, 2014). "A glass cloud or an iceberg? Gehry's gift to Paris unveiled". The Guardian. p. 33.
- ^ "Fondation Louis Vuitton in Paris". Paris Digest. 2018. Retrieved 2018-11-03.
- ^ An anti-corruption group accused the Louis Vuitton Foundation of fraud and tax evasion, Artsy, December 3, 2018
- ^ La Fondation Louis Vuitton visée par une plainte pour escroquerie et fraude fiscale, Le Figaro, December 1, 2018
- ^ La Fondation Louis Vuitton soupçonnée de fraude fiscale, L'Express, November 30, 2018
- ^ Kim Willsher (October 3, 2006), Is it a cloud? Is it a cocoon? Gehry's Paris museum unveiled The Guardian.
- ^ Alan Riding (October 3, 2006), Vuitton Plans a Gehry-Designed Arts Center in Paris The New York Times.
- Daily Telegraph.
- ^ Hannah Elliott (April 7, 2011), LVMH Moves Forward With Gehry Art Museum Forbes.
- New York Times.
- ^ Jay Merrick (October 21, 2014), Frank Gehry's new Paris mega gallery The Independent.
- ^ Rowan Moore (October 19, 2014), Foundation Louis Vuitton, Paris review – everything and the bling from Frank Gehry The Guardian.
- ^ Paul Goldberger (September 2014), Gehry’s Paris Coup Vanity Fair.
- ^ "Les comptes fantastiques de la fondation Louis-Vuitton". 13 May 2017.
- ^ Adam Thomson (October 1, 2014), The Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris Financial Times.
- ^ "Welcome to nginx". Archived from the original on 2012-09-07. Retrieved 2013-09-01.
- ^ Adam Thomson (October 1, 2014), The Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris Financial Times.
- Daily Telegraph.
- New York Times.
- New York Times.
- ^ Christopher Hawthorne (October 17, 2014), Review: Gehry's Louis Vuitton Foundation museum is a triumph, but to what end? Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Christopher Hawthorne (October 17, 2014), Review: Gehry's Louis Vuitton Foundation museum is a triumph, but to what end? Los Angeles Times.
- Businessweek.
- Businessweek.
- ^ Foundation Louis Vuitton (November 15, 2014), [1] 'Foundation Louis Vuitton.
- ^ Paul Goldberger (September 2014), Gehry’s Paris Coup Vanity Fair.
- ^ "La Fondation LVMH arrêtée en pleins travaux". 22 January 2011.
- ^ "Le permis de construire du musée LVMH validé par le Conseil constitutionnel". 24 February 2012.
- Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Paul Goldberger (September 2014), Gehry’s Paris Coup Vanity Fair.
- ^ http://www.cgedd.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/Communique_de_Presse_GPNI_2012_cle7b49f8.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "Gehry Technologies Awarded Building Information Model (BIM) Award by AIA | Gehry Technologies". Archived from the original on 2013-04-11. Retrieved 2013-03-20.
- ^ Winged victory The Economist, October 11, 2014.
- ^ Gareth Harris (October 20, 2014), Fondation Louis Vuitton reveals its secrets Archived 2014-10-21 at the Wayback Machine The Art Newspaper.
- New York Times.
- New York Times.
- New York Times.
- ^ "The Auditorium". Fondation Louis Vuitton. Retrieved Jan 10, 2023.
- ^ Winged victory The Economist, October 11, 2014.
- ^ Adam Thomson (October 1, 2014), The Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris Financial Times.