Misr Diwan Chand
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (November 2021) |
Misr Diwan Chand | |
---|---|
General | |
Commands held | |
Known for | Military expeditions in |
Awards | Zafar-jung-Bahadur Fateh-o-nusrat-nasib |
Children | Misr Beli Ram Misr Rup Lal Misr Sukh Raj Misr Megh Raj Misr Ram Kishan[1] |
Relations | Misr Sahib Dayal (brother) Misr Basti Ram (brother) |
Misr Diwan Chand (1755 – 18 July 1825) was a notable officer and a powerful general of Maharaja Ranjit Singh's reign. He rose from petty clerk to the Chief of Artillery and Commander-in-chief of the armies that conquered Multan and Kashmir and also served as the Commander-in-Chief of Khalsa Army from 1816 to 1825.[2] and was a notable pillar of the state.[3]
Early life
Diwan Chand was the son of a Brahmin shopkeeper of Gondlanwala village (in present-day Gujranwala, Pakistan).[4][5]
Military career
Diwan Chand was honoured with the title of Zafar-Jang-Bahadur—Brave Victor of Battles from
.Maharaja Ranjit Singh had a great regard for the general. Once at Amritsar, the Maharaja had purchased a very precious hookah from a Hindustani merchant, although this was against the injunctions of his own religion. He presented the hookah to Misr Diwan Chand to mark the high esteem in which he was held by the Maharaja. Permission was also given to him to smoke.[9]
The contribution of Misr Dewan Chand in the making of the Maharaja's empire has also been under-estimated by British historians who have described him as a "hookah-smoking general'.[10] It is a fact that Maharaja had once presented him a hookah himself.[10]
Title
He was a great warrior and general who achieved the title of Fateh-o-Nusrat-Nasib (one who never lost in war) and Zafar-jang-Bahadur (conqueror in wars) from
References
- ^ Griffin Lepel. H Sir (1940). Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab Vol.1. Superintendent Government Printing Punjab. p. 361. Retrieved 2017-01-17.
- ^ a b Punjab History Conference, Thirty-ninth session, March 16–18, 2007: proceedings, Navtej Singh, Punjabi University. Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies
- ^ Sufi, G. M. D.; Sūfī, Ghulām Muhyi'd Dīn (1974). Kashmīr, being a history of Kashmir from the earliest times to our own. Light & Life Publishers.
- ISBN 978-0-9695964-2-4.
- ISBN 9780755640348.
- ISBN 978-93-5118-102-6.
- ISBN 978-1-136-79086-7.
- ISBN 9780313335396. Retrieved 2015-09-14.
- ^ Singh, Gulcharan (1976). Ranjit Singh and his generals. Sujlana Publishers.
- ^ a b Khullar, K. K. (1980). Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Hem Publishers.
- ^ Panjab University Research Bulletin: Arts. The University. 1990.