Philipp Bouhler
Philipp Bouhler | |
---|---|
Action T4 | |
In office 1939–1941 | |
Nazi Party National Business Manager | |
In office 27 March 1925 – 17 November 1934 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Munich, Bavaria, German Empire | 11 September 1899
Died | 19 May 1945 Altaussee, Styria, Allied-occupied Austria | (aged 45)
Cause of death | Suicide |
Political party | Nazi Party (NSDAP) |
Other political affiliations | Greater German People's Community |
Spouse |
Helene Majer
(m. 1934; died 1945) |
Education | Philosophy |
Military service | |
Allegiance | German Empire |
Branch/service | Imperial German Army |
Years of service | 1912–1917 |
Rank | Leutnant |
Unit | 1st Royal Bavarian Foot Artillery Regiment |
Battles/wars | |
Awards | Iron Cross, 2nd class |
Philipp Bouhler (11 September 1899 – 19 May 1945) was a German senior
Bouhler was arrested on 10 May 1945 by American troops. He committed suicide on 19 May 1945 while in the U.S. internment camp at Zell am See in Austria.[1]
Early life
Bouhler was born in
Nazi functionary
Bouhler joined the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in July 1922 with membership number 12. By late 1922 he had become deputy business manager of the NSDAP under Max Amann.[4] He took part in the failed Beer Hall Putsch in Munich and when the Party was banned, became the Business Manager for the Nazi front organization, the Greater German People's Community, based in Munich.[2]
Upon the refounding of the party on 27 February 1925, he immediately rejoined and was made National Business Manager of the NSDAP, holding this post until November 1934. After the
From the end of August to the end of October 1934, Bouhler was police president of Munich. In September he was made a member of the
Bouhler's office was responsible for all correspondence for Hitler, which included private and internal communications as well as responding to public inquiries (for example, requests for material help, godfathership, jobs, clemency, NSDAP business, and birthday wishes). His personal adjutant was SS-
During the war, Bouhler published Der großdeutsche Freiheitskampf ("the greater German freedom struggle"), a three volume book featuring the speeches given by Hitler from 1 September 1939, to 15 March 1942.[10][11][12]
War crimes
Bouhler was responsible for the killing of disabled German citizens. By order of Hitler (backdated to 1 September 1939), Bouhler with
In 1941 Bouhler and
The scheme operated under the
In 1942, Bouhler published the book "Napoleon – Kometenbahn eines Genies" (Napoleon – A Genius's Cometary Path), which became a favorite of Hitler's. He had also published a Nazi publication Kampf um Deutschland (Fight for Germany) in 1938.
Capture and suicide
Bouhler and his wife, Helene, were arrested by American troops at Schloss Fischhorn in Bruck near Zell-am-See on 10 May 1945. Helene jumped to her death from a window at Schloss Fischhorn. On 19 May, Bouhler killed himself using a cyanide capsule while in the US internment camp at Zell-am-See. The couple had no children.[16]
Awards and Nazi Party decorations
- Iron Cross 2nd Class (Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse) 1914[17]
- Wound Badge (World War I) in Black[17]
- Blood Order[17]
- War Merit Cross 2nd and 1st Class[17]
- Honour Chevron for the Old Guard[18]
See also
- Action Reinhard
Notes
- forced sterilizationof prisoners was recorded as "14h7".
References
- ^ a b Miller 2006, p. 155.
- ^ a b Williams 2015, p. 147.
- ^ a b Short biography of Bouhler, photo of letter from Hitler, ordering him to begin a "euthanasia" program Retrieved 17 May 2010 (in German)
- ^ Miller 2006, pp. 155, 160.
- ^ Williams 2015, p. 148.
- ISBN 0-822-93253-9.
- ^ Miller 2006, p. 156.
- ^ Miller 2006, p. 157.
- ^ Ailsby, Christopher (1997). SS: Roll of Infamy, p. 19
- ^ "Bouhler, Philipp - Der grossdeutsche Freiheitskampf - Reden Adolf Hitlers vom 01.09.1939 bis 10.03.1940 (1940, 104 Doppels., Scan, Fraktur) : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". Internet Archive. 10 June 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
- ^ "Bouhler, Philipp - Der Grossdeutsche Freiheitskampf - Reden Adolf Hitlers - Band 2 (1941, 152 S.) : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". Internet Archive. 10 June 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
- ^ "Der grossdeutsche Freiheitskampf : Hitler, Adolf : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". Internet Archive. 10 June 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
- ^ Miller 2006, p. 158.
- ^ "The 'euthanasia" crime in Hadamar" Archived 12 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine University of Minnesota, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies. Retrieved 17 May 2010
- ^ "Inmate euthanasia as part of Action 14f13"[permanent dead link] Retrieved 17 May 2010
- ^ Miller 2006, pp. 155, 159–160.
- ^ a b c d Miller 2006, p. 159.
- ^ Miller 2006, p. 160.
Bibliography
- Miller, Michael (2006). Leaders of the SS and German Police, Vol. 1. San Jose, CA: R. James Bender. ISBN 978-93-297-0037-2.
- Williams, Max (2015). SS Elite: The Senior Leaders of Hitler's Praetorian Guard. Vol. I. Fonthill Media LLC. ISBN 978-1-78155-433-3.