Pullman, Washington
Pullman, Washington | ||
---|---|---|
FIPS code 53-56625 | | |
GNIS feature ID | 1531905[3] | |
Website | pullman-wa.gov |
Pullman is the most populous city in Whitman County, located in southeastern Washington within the Palouse region of the Pacific Northwest. The population was 32,901 at the 2020 census,[4] and estimated to be 32,508 in 2022.[5] Originally founded as Three Forks, the city was renamed after industrialist George Pullman in 1884.[6]
Pullman is noted as a fertile agricultural area known for its many miles of rolling hills and the production of wheat and legumes. It is home to Washington State University, a public research land-grant university, and the international headquarters of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories. Pullman is eight miles (13 km) from Moscow, Idaho, home to the University of Idaho, and is served by the Pullman–Moscow Regional Airport.
History
In 1876, about five years after European-American settlers established Whitman County on November 29, 1871, Bolin Farr arrived in Pullman. He camped at the confluence of Dry Flat Creek and Missouri Flat Creek on the bank of the Palouse River. Within the year, Dan McKenzie and William Ellsworth arrived to stake claims for adjoining land. They named the first post office here as Three Forks. In the spring of 1881, Orville Stewart opened a general store and Bolin Farr platted about 10 acres (4.0 ha) of his land for a town.[citation needed]
Pullman was incorporated on April 11, 1888, with a population of about 250–300 people.[7] It was originally named Three Forks, after the three small rivers that converge there: Missouri Flat Creek, Dry Fork, and the South Fork of the Palouse River. In 1884, Dan McKenzie and Charles Moore (of Moscow) replatted the site and named it for American industrialist George Pullman.[6]
On March 28, 1890, the Washington State Legislature established the state's
In 1961, Pullman became a non-chartered code city under the
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city of Pullman has a total area of 11.12 square miles (28.8 km2), all land.
The city is situated across several
Pullman is situated across four major hills which divide the city into nearly equal quarters. These are:
- Military Hill, north of the Palouse River and west of North Grand Avenue
- Pioneer Hill, south of Main Street and the downtown area, and east of South Grand Avenue
- Sunnyside Hill, south of Davis Way and west of South Grand Avenue
- College Hill, north of Main Street and east of North Grand Avenue
Military Hill is named for the Pullman Military College that opened its doors in 1891 and burned down in 1893.[11]
Climate
Pullman has a
Climate data for Pullman–Moscow Regional Airport, Washington (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present[a]) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 59 (15) |
66 (19) |
73 (23) |
88 (31) |
94 (34) |
106 (41) |
104 (40) |
110 (43) |
100 (38) |
90 (32) |
73 (23) |
64 (18) |
110 (43) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 49.8 (9.9) |
53.5 (11.9) |
63.7 (17.6) |
73.6 (23.1) |
82.7 (28.2) |
88.4 (31.3) |
96.3 (35.7) |
98.0 (36.7) |
91.3 (32.9) |
77.5 (25.3) |
60.1 (15.6) |
49.7 (9.8) |
98.8 (37.1) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 37.6 (3.1) |
41.6 (5.3) |
49.3 (9.6) |
56.4 (13.6) |
65.4 (18.6) |
71.9 (22.2) |
83.1 (28.4) |
83.4 (28.6) |
74.2 (23.4) |
59.2 (15.1) |
44.7 (7.1) |
36.6 (2.6) |
58.6 (14.8) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 32.7 (0.4) |
35.4 (1.9) |
41.1 (5.1) |
46.8 (8.2) |
54.5 (12.5) |
59.8 (15.4) |
67.0 (19.4) |
66.9 (19.4) |
59.8 (15.4) |
48.4 (9.1) |
38.6 (3.7) |
31.8 (−0.1) |
48.6 (9.2) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 27.8 (−2.3) |
29.2 (−1.6) |
32.9 (0.5) |
37.2 (2.9) |
43.7 (6.5) |
47.7 (8.7) |
50.9 (10.5) |
50.4 (10.2) |
45.4 (7.4) |
37.6 (3.1) |
32.5 (0.3) |
26.9 (−2.8) |
38.5 (3.6) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 7.4 (−13.7) |
11.0 (−11.7) |
19.0 (−7.2) |
26.3 (−3.2) |
30.8 (−0.7) |
36.4 (2.4) |
40.5 (4.7) |
38.7 (3.7) |
31.3 (−0.4) |
21.5 (−5.8) |
15.0 (−9.4) |
8.1 (−13.3) |
−2.3 (−19.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | −29 (−34) |
−24 (−31) |
−9 (−23) |
6 (−14) |
23 (−5) |
29 (−2) |
32 (0) |
32 (0) |
20 (−7) |
4 (−16) |
−14 (−26) |
−32 (−36) |
−32 (−36) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.67 (68) |
1.94 (49) |
2.05 (52) |
1.96 (50) |
1.81 (46) |
1.22 (31) |
0.44 (11) |
0.48 (12) |
0.65 (17) |
1.80 (46) |
2.62 (67) |
2.77 (70) |
20.41 (519) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 9.6 (24) |
4.8 (12) |
2.5 (6.4) |
0.7 (1.8) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.25) |
4.6 (12) |
10.3 (26) |
32.7 (82.7) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 14.0 | 11.5 | 12.3 | 11.1 | 9.6 | 8.3 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 4.6 | 9.0 | 13.6 | 13.9 | 115.2 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 4.8 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 2.6 | 4.9 | 18.2 |
Source 1: NOAA[12] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: National Weather Service[14] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1890 | 868 | — | |
1900 | 1,308 | 50.7% | |
1910 | 2,602 | 98.9% | |
1920 | 2,440 | −6.2% | |
1930 | 3,322 | 36.1% | |
1940 | 4,417 | 33.0% | |
1950 | 12,022 | 172.2% | |
1960 | 12,957 | 7.8% | |
1970 | 20,509 | 58.3% | |
1980 | 23,579 | 15.0% | |
1990 | 23,478 | −0.4% | |
2000 | 24,675 | 5.1% | |
2010 | 29,799 | 20.8% | |
2020 | 32,901 | 10.4% | |
2022 (est.) | 32,508 | [5] | −1.2% |
U.S. Decennial Census[15] 2020 Census[4] |
In 2011, Bloomberg Businessweek selected Pullman as the "Best Place to Raise Kids" in Washington. Factors included affordability, safety, a family-friendly lifestyle, the quality of Pullman High School, the presence of Washington State University, and the natural environment of the area.[16]
2020 census
As of the
Of the 12,185 households, 19.5% had children under the age of 18; 27.9% were married couples living together; 31.9% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 37.7% of households consisted of individuals and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[18] The average household size was 2.2 and the average family size was 2.9.[22]
13.1% of the population was under the age of 18, 45.7% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 10.6% from 45 to 64, and 6.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.3 males.[18] For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 101.6 males.[18]
2010 census
As of the
There were 11,029 households, of which 17.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.5% were married couples living together, 4.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 64.7% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.88.
The median age in the city was 22.3 years. 11.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 51.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.7% were from 25 to 44; 10.5% were from 45 to 64; and 4.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.3% male and 48.7% female.
2000 census
As of the 2000 census, there were 24,675 people, 8,828 households, and 3,601 families living in the city. The population density was 2,740.8 people per square mile (1,058.6/km2).
The racial makeup of the city was:
- 83.10% White
- 8.48% Asian
- 3.40% Mixed race
- 2.40% African American
- 1.58% from other races
- 0.67% Native American
- 0.38% Pacific Islander
The 2000 Census found 9,398 housing units at an average density of 1,043.9 per square mile (403.2/km2). There were 8,828 households, out of which:
- 59.2% were non-families
- 33.0% were married couples living together
- 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals
- 20.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them
- 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present
- 3.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older (included in the 31.1% of households made up of individuals)
The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.87.
In the city, the age distribution of the population was as follows:
- 13.1% under the age of 18
- 49.4% from 18 to 24
- 22.8% from 25 to 44
- 10.3% from 45 to 64
- 4.5% who were 65 years of age or older.
The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there are 104.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $20,652, and the median income for a family was $46,165. Males had a median income of $36,743 versus $29,192 for females. The
Economy
Washington State University is the largest employer in both Pullman and Whitman County.[23][24]
As part of the Palouse Knowledge Corridor, companies associated with an expanding high-tech industry are at the city's north end, anchored by
Pullman Regional Hospital opened on Bishop Boulevard in late 2004;[28][29] its predecessor, Pullman Memorial Hospital, was on the WSU campus and shared facilities with the student health center.[28][30]
Agriculture
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2022) |
Culture
Since 1989, Pullman has been home to the National Lentil Festival, a major community event celebrating the lentil legume grown in the surrounding Palouse region. The festival includes a lentil cook-off, Friday night street fair, Saturday parade and music in the park, and more. It is held in Reaney Park on the August weekend before fall semester classes start at WSU.[31]
Sports
College sports are popular in Pullman; most support is centered on the
The Greyhounds of Pullman High School compete in WIAA Class 2A in District Seven. Historic rivals are the Clarkston Bantams to the south and the Moscow Bears, in adjacent Idaho.
Theatre
Education
The Pullman School District consists of the following schools:[33]
- Franklin Elementary School
- Jefferson Elementary School
- Sunnyside Elementary School
- Kamiak Elementary School
- Lincoln Middle School
- Pullman High School
The city's only public high school, Pullman High School (PHS) has about 700 students. It is on Military Hill. Its mascot for its athletic teams is the greyhound. PHS offers honors and advanced placement courses, along with Running Start course work through WSU and Spokane Falls Community College.
Washington State University
Pullman is the site of the flagship campus of Washington State University (WSU), a member of the Pac-12 Conference (Pac-12) in NCAA Division I. WSU is the second-largest university in the state of Washington, and is well known for its veterinary medicine, business, architecture, engineering, agriculture, pharmacy, and communications schools.
Transportation
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2020) |
Highways
Pullman is located near the junction of several major highways. U.S. Route 195 and State Route 27 travel north towards the Spokane area, passing through various towns in the Palouse, while State Route 270 follows the Bill Chipman Palouse Trail to Moscow, Idaho.
Airport
Pullman is served by the
Bus
Major bus routes, including Greyhound, pass through Pullman. The city is also served by Pullman Transit, which provides bus service for residents and WSU students who do not live on campus. WSU students are able to ride without fares by presenting their student ID card, as the university includes a transit fee in tuition.
Notable people
- Pat Beach, NFL tight end for eleven seasons for the Baltimore and Indianapolis Colts, Philadelphia Eagles, and Arizona Cardinals
- John Elway, Hall of Fame NFL quarterback for the Denver Broncos, was a resident for four years and attended Pullman High School as a freshman
- John M. Fabian, former NASA astronaut, graduated from Pullman High School and WSU
- Susan Fagan, politician. Member of Washington House of Representatives.
- William La Follette, U.S. Congressman, lived in Pullman
- Gary Larson, cartoonist, graduated from Washington State University in Pullman
- Timm Rosenbach, NFL quarterback for the Arizona Cardinals and New Orleans Saints; played at Pullman High School and Washington State
- James Mattis, former USMCgeneral and the 26th Secretary of Defense
- Jean Hegland, novelist, born and raised in Pullman
- Ron C. Mittelhammer, former director of the School of Economic Sciences and former president of the American Agricultural Economics Association
- Kirk Triplett, three-time winner on the PGA Tour and member of the 2000 President's Cup team, 1980 graduate of Pullman High School
- Edmund O. Schweitzer III, founder of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories
- Young Jean Lee, playwright, raised in Pullman
Notes
References
- ^ "Pullman City Code". codepublishing.com. Retrieved March 20, 2020.
- ^ a b "2023 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Pullman, Washington
- ^ a b c "Explore Census Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
- ^ a b c "City and Town Population Totals: 2020–2022". United States Census Bureau. February 21, 2024. Retrieved February 21, 2024.
- ^ a b "Stories to Tell". Archived from the original on August 9, 2022. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
- ^ Bush, Julia. "Pullman Early History 1871-1892" (PDF). Pullman Early History. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
- ^ "New name for WSC near O.K." Spokane Daily Chronicle. February 4, 1959. p. 2.
- ^ "New name near for State College". Spokane Daily Chronicle. August 5, 1959. p. 18.
- ^ Busacca, A.J., 1989. Long Quaternary record in eastern Washington, U.S.A., interpreted from multiple buried paleosols in loess. Geoderma. 45:105-122.
- ^ O'English, Mark (2011). "Pullman's Military College". Whitman County Historical Society. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
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(help) - ^ a b "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved September 22, 2022.
- ^ ThreadEx
- ^ "NOAA Online Weather Data". National Weather Service. Retrieved September 22, 2022.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ Bloomberg Businessweek, December 14, 2010
- ^ "US Census Bureau, Table P16: Household Type". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "US Census Bureau, Table DP1: Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
- ^ "Gazetteer Files". Census.gov. Retrieved December 30, 2023.
- ^ "US Census Bureau, Table P1: Race". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
- ^ "US Census Bureau, Table P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
- ^ "US Census Bureau, Table S1101: Households and Families". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
- ^ "About Pullman". Retrieved March 21, 2020.
- ^ a b "Pullman is open for business!". Pullman Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
- ^ "Palouse Knowledge Corridor". Retrieved March 21, 2020.
- ^ "About SEL".
- ^ "Pullman Industrial Park". Port of Whitman County. Retrieved March 21, 2020.
- ^ a b Dupler, Michelle (December 16, 2004). "Ready for business". Moscow-Pullman Daily News. p. 1A.
- ^ Nelson, Lorraine (April 19, 1998). "New Pullman hospital aimed at efficiency". Lewiston Morning Tribune. p. 1E.
- ^ Sudermann, Hannelore (Spring 2005). "The end of an era". Washington State. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
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ignored (help) - ^ "Home".
- ^ "WSU Cougars". Retrieved March 21, 2020.
- ^ "Pullman Public School District #267 / Homepage". Psd267.org. July 19, 2011. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
Further reading
- MacGibbon, Elma (1904). "Columbia River and Pullman". Leaves of knowledge (DJVU). Washington State Library's Classics in Washington History collection. Shaw & Borden.
External links
- Official website
- Pullman, Washington at Curlie