Music of Washington (state)

The U.S. state of

indie music, folk, and hip hop. Nearby Tacoma and Olympia

have also been centers of influence on popular music.

Several world-famous musicians have come from Washington.

Spokane, had a number-one hit in the U.S. in 1942 with "White Christmas." Jimi Hendrix, one of classic rock's most enduring guitar legends, was born and raised in Seattle and is buried in Renton, and folk rock singer-songwriter Kenny Loggins, who had a No. 1 Hot 100 hit in 1984 with "Footloose," was born in Everett. Saxophonist Kenny G is from Seattle and attended the University of Washington

.

Classical

The

choral music groups. Notable individuals from Washington state include pianist Kenneth Boulton, composer/pianist William Bolcom, composer Peter Scott Lewis, composer Mateo Messina, composer/clarinetist Sean Osborn, composer/pianist/violinist Jennifer Thomas, all from Seattle, and composer/pianist Charlie Albright from Centralia

.

The

baritones Roald Reitan from Tacoma and Thomas Hampson, also from Spokane. All have performed at the Metropolitan Opera

at one time or another.

Jazz

Washington State has had a jazz scene since the early 20th century, primarily centered in Seattle. In the early years, there was an African-American jazz scene on Seattle's Jackson Street, led by the Whangdoodle Entertainers, featuring, amongst others, Frank D. Waldron (trumpet/alto saxophone). Waldron later joined the Odean Jazz Orchestra, one of the rare African-American bands in that era to play in downtown Seattle. He remained active in Seattle jazz as a musician and teacher until his death in 1955. On the other side of the tracks, Vic Meyers (saxophone) led jazz bands playing in Seattle's Pioneer Square and Belltown districts. Meyers left music for politics in the early 1930s and served as Lieutenant Governor of Washington from 1933 to 1953 and then Secretary of State of Washington from 1957 to 1965. Another notable jazz figure in the early days was Harold Weeks, a ragtime composer/lyricist known as the co-writer (with Oliver Wallace) of the 1918 song "Hindustan," considered a jazz standard. Joe Darensbourg (clarinet/saxophone) was active in Seattle from 1929 until 1944, and Dick Wilson (tenor saxophone) played in his band from 1930 until 1936.

The early 1940s saw

Wenatchee

. Catlett, Brashear, Standifer, and Lanphere spent their latter years playing jazz in the Seattle scene.

The 1950s–1960s saw

Yakima and Larry Coryell (guitar from Richland

. Only Collier returned to the Seattle scene.

The 1970s saw the emergence of

reeds) was a leader of the West Coast Swing Band revival of the 1970s and continued to lead various swing bands in Seattle until his death in 2003. Cheryl Bentyne (vocals), who grew up in Mount Vernon, sang in Holte's New Deal Rhythm Band before joining the renowned vocal group The Manhattan Transfer in 1979, with whom she has won 10 Grammy Awards

.

The 1980s were the career beginnings of native Washingtonians Diane "Deedles" Schuur (vocals/piano) from Auburn, who has won two Grammy Awards, Bill Anschell (piano), Jeff Kashiwa (saxophone) and Skerik (tenor & baritone saxophone/electronics), a pioneer of saxophonics. Anschell, Kashiwa and Skerik remain active in the Seattle scene, with Skerik playing in a number of diverse local bands. The 80s also saw Julian Priester (trombone/euphonium), Amy Denio (saxophone/accordion/vocals) and Bill Frisell (guitar) relocate to Seattle. Frisell had previously been active in New York City's Downtown Scene.

The 1990s saw the emergence from Seattle of

woodwinds). Lurie is active in the Seattle bands Living Daylights and The Tiptons Sax Quartet. The aforementioned Amy Denio is also a member of The Tiptons Sax Quartet. Seales and Doria are also active in Seattle. Lounge band Nightcaps was formed in 1995 and continues to occasionally play in the Pacific Northwest

.

The new millennium has produced Roxy Coss (saxophone), Aaron Parks (piano), Emi Meyer (piano/vocals) and The Bergevin Brothers band, all from Seattle. Meyer and the Bergevins remain active in the Seattle scene. In the early 2000s husband and wife Wayne Horvitz (keyboards) and Robin Holcomb (piano/vocals) relocated to Seattle. Both had previously been involved in New York City's Downtown Scene. In 2015, Dmitri Matheny (flugelhorn) relocated from his long-time base in San Francisco to Centralia. In 2022, he released the album CASCADIA, celebrating the Pacific Northwest. The album also features the aforementioned Bill Anschell.

Country/Alt-country

Washington state has a limited tradition in country music, but has produced some notable artists.^[1] In the 1920s, Paul Tutmarc established himself as a fine tenor and lap steel guitarist in Seattle. He was also known for inventing the first electric bass guitar in 1936. Tutmarc continued to perform and teach guitar in Seattle into the 1960s. Fiddler Bus Boyk came out of Everett in the 1930s and had a long career, eventually being inducted into the Western Swing Society's Pioneers of Western Swing Hall of Fame.

The late 1950s saw three

Country Music Hall of Famers active in Washington state. Loretta Lynn began her performing and songwriting career while living in the tiny logging community of Custer. She also played in nearby Blaine. Loretta wrote and recorded her first single "I'm a Honky Tonk Girl" while living in Washington (although the song was recorded in Los Angeles). The song was a hit and it was off to Nashville and superstardom. Willie Nelson took a job as a DJ at KVAN in Vancouver, Washington, in 1956, where he also played local clubs. While there he cut his first record "No Place for Me". Nelson left Vancouver in 1958. In 1958, Buck Owens was working in Tacoma at radio station KAYE, when he saw Don Rich, a young fiddler from Olympia, play. Owens immediately asked Rich to join his band and soon they were being featured on the weekly BAR-K Jamboree on KTNT-TV. Loretta Lynn made her television debut on the same program. Owens left Tacoma around 1960 to return to Bakersfield, California, and in a few months, Rich followed and became a member of Buck's backup band The Buckaroos, eventually becoming the lead guitarist. Rich's Fender Telecaster was an instrumental part of the Bakersfield sound

of the 1960s.

The late 1950s also saw the emergence of native Washingtonian

quarter-horses near Orting, before finally settling in Soap Lake

, where she continued to perform on weekends until the age of 92. Guitar died in 2019, at the age of 95.

Seattle-based

contemporary Christian songs in 1986. A decade later, he released his second eponymous record in 1997, which produced five Top 40 country hits, including the No. 1 "From Here to Eternity". The 1990s saw alt-country enter the scene, led by Neko Case of Tacoma. With her contralto voice, she has released a series of albums and has also been a part of the revival of the tenor guitar. The Supersuckers formed in Tucson, Arizona, in 1988, relocated to Seattle in 1989, and have been playing cowpunk

ever since.

The new millennium has seen the emergence of mainstream country artists

Spaghetti Westerns. Their live shows sometimes include the "Whiskey Baptism" of fans into the "Church of the Rodeo". Jaime Wyatt from Tacoma plays outlaw country and had a song on the 2004 soundtrack of Wicker Park. Megs McLean from Snohomish plays "crunge", a combination of country and grunge, and had a Country Pick of the Week in 2016. Star Anna from Ellensburg performs alt-country and, with her band the Laughing Dogs, appeared with the Seattle Symphony in 2012. Seattle based alt-country band The Maldives live shows have been described as "transcendent" by KEXP-FM

.

Garage rock

In the mid-1950s, the Washington rock scene was kick-started by a Seattle group,

The Wailers, whose regional fame was paramount for several years in the early 1960s. Their version of Richard Berry

's "Louie, Louie" became the state's unofficial anthem.

An influential garage rock band called The Regents became local icons in the Tacoma area, but the original incarnation never signed to a record label. They are known for pioneering a distinct sound technology when they fed the rhythm guitar through a

Leslie organ speaker during a concert at the University of Puget Sound; this gave them their original sound.^{[citation needed}

]

Another Tacoma band, The Sonics, also proved to be influential, and are still a cult favorite. Their name was inspired by one of Seattle's most important employers, Boeing, an aircraft manufacturer, and The Sonics' brand of aggressive guitar rock made them icons in the later development of music in and around Seattle.

Record producer Jerry Dennon of Jerden Records was responsible for bringing The Kingsmen (of Portland, Oregon), best known for their national hit "Louie Louie". The Kingsmen found themselves in a rivalry with local favorite Paul Revere & the Raiders (of Boise, Idaho), who also released a version of "Louie, Louie". The Kingsmen's version eventually caught on nationally after a Boston radio station picked up the song and Dennon negotiated distributing rights with Wand Records out of New York City. The song's supposedly suggestive lyrics led to it being banned in some localities, including Indiana.

Heavy metal

Notable

Metal Church (1984), The Dark (1986), Blessing in Disguise (1989) and The Human Factor (1991); they resurfaced in 2004 with The Weight of the World. Queensrÿche is better known for falling somewhere between the heavy metal and glam metal scene, with strong influence from progressive rock, which can be seen in their albums Operation: Mindcrime (1987) and Empire (1991). Going to the mid-end of the '80s, Seattle featured successful thrash metal bands, such as The Accüsed (a crossover thrash band), Assault & Battery, Bitter End, Coven, and Forced Entry

.

Also of particular note are Seattle's Slaughter Haus 5, Tacoma bands Sword of Judgement, Hammer Head, Diamond Lie (featuring

Nevermore. Heir Apparent came out of North Seattle in the mid-1980's, signed to the independent label Black Dragon Records of Paris, France in 1985, and released what remains the highest-rated album in the 40-year history of Germany's ROCK HARD magazine^[2] in January 1986. Heir Apparent performed with Sanctuary in 2012 at the Metal Assault Festival in Wurzburg, Germany.^[3] In 2019 at the Headbangers Open Air Festival in Germany, Queensrÿche, Sanctuary, and Heir Apparent each headlined an evening of the 3-day event.^[4]

More recent underground metal bands include

Inquisition, Hoth, Inquinok, Pure Hatred, Riot in Rhythm, Deathmocracy, Blood of Kings, Wolves in the Throne Room, Twisted Heroes, Ashes Of Existence, Bleed The Stone, Casualty Of God, Mechanism, I Am Infamy, Devilation, Beyond Theory, Future Disorder, Edge of Oblivion, Last Bastion, Phalgeron, and Bell Witch

.

Punk rock

In the 1970s, Ze Whiz Kidz helped launch a

Mudhoney and Mother Love Bone, was one of the first grunge bands. Also drawing on the punk rock scene were Melvins, Soundgarden, Nirvana, Fitz of Depression of Olympia and Vitimin C of Centralia. Musician Duff McKagan made his entry into the global rock scene in the punk rock scene of his hometown of Seattle. On the other side of the state, Spokane also contained a punk and new wave scene in the 1980s, as chronicled in the documentary film SpokAnarchy!

In the early 2000s, the

experimental punk rock scene had bands such as Botch, Pretty Girls Make Graves, These Arms Are Snakes, The Fall of Troy, Jaguar Love, and The Blood Brothers

.

Grunge

Mudhoney, while the death of Andrew Wood (d. 1990, buried in Bremerton, Washington) of Mother Love Bone led to that band's disintegration and subsequent reformation as Pearl Jam. In 1991 (see 1991 in music), Nirvana's Nevermind, along with Soundgarden's Badmotorfinger, Pearl Jam's Ten and Alice in Chains' Dirt

, quickly brought the grunge scene to the forefront.

Pearl Jam has recorded five No. 1 albums featured on the Billboard Top 200 between 1993 and 2013, including Vs. (1993), and also had a No. 2 Hot 100 hit with their cover of "Last Kiss" in 1999. Nirvana had four No. 1 albums, Alice in Chains had two, Jar of Flies (1994) and their self-titled album (1995), and Soundgarden had one, Superunknown (1994). Later successful grunge acts include Foo Fighters, which had a No. 1 album with Wasting Light (2011). Seattle is also home to newer alt-grunge-rock acts such as SixTwoSeven.

Riot grrrl

Riot grrrl is a form of punk rock that arose in Olympia in the 1990s with all-female and woman-led acts like Bikini Kill, known for their militant feminism and raw sound. The genre never achieved mainstream success due to an on-going media blackout, along with their harsh criticism of society and often grating musical style, and eventually faded. However, stalwarts Sleater-Kinney stayed together and found themselves approaching mainstream audiences after the turn of the millennium. The movement generated many notable bands, concentrated in the Olympia area and including Bratmobile, Heavens to Betsy, and Excuse 17.

A new wave of the riot grrrl movement continued in the 21st century with bands like NighTrain,

The Gossip

, The Black Tones and Thee Emergency, which feature soulful vocals, heavy drums, a driving, intense rhythm and guitar.

Twee pop

In the late 1980s, a form of alternative rock called twee pop was popular in the United Kingdom. A small cult following around bands like The Orchids and Heavenly formed in the U.S., centered on Olympia's K Records and the band Beat Happening.

Hip-hop

Arguably the most famous

b-boy crew from Seattle. The Guinness World Records holder for Fastest Rap MC is the Seattle-based NoClue, breaking the record previously held by Chicago rapper Rebel XD. Brown rapped 723 syllables in 51.27 seconds on his track "No Clue" at B&G Studios, Seattle, on January 15, 2005. More recently, local indie rapper/DJ duo Macklemore and Ryan Lewis have achieved worldwide fame with The Heist (2012), scoring two No. 1 Hot 100 hits with "Thrift Shop" and "Can't Hold Us" in 2013. Also, teenage rapper Lil Mosey has grown in popularity since his song "Pull Up," but most notably "Noticed" in 2018, and "Blueberry Faygo

" in 2020.