Queen Camilla

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Camilla
Queen consort of the United Kingdom
and the other Commonwealth realms[note 1]
Tenure8 September 2022 – present
Coronation6 May 2023
BornCamilla Rosemary Shand
(1947-07-17) 17 July 1947 (age 77)
King's College Hospital, London, England
Spouses
​
​
(m. 1973; div. 1995)​
​
(m. 2005)​
Issue
Rosalind Cubitt
SignatureCamilla's signature
Education
Royal family of
the United Kingdom and the
other Commonwealth realms
Badge of the House of Windsor

Camilla (born Camilla Rosemary Shand, later Parker Bowles, 17 July 1947) is

King Charles III.[note 1]

Camilla was raised in

Charles and Camilla's coronation took place at Westminster Abbey
on 6 May 2023.

Camilla carries out public engagements representing the monarch and is the patron of numerous charities and organisations. Since 1994, she has campaigned to raise awareness of osteoporosis, which has earned her several honours and awards. She has also campaigned to raise awareness of issues such as rape, sexual abuse, illiteracy, animal welfare and poverty.

Early life and education

Camilla Rosemary Shand was born on 17 July 1947 at

King Edward VII.[6][7]

Rosalind was a charity worker

wine merchants in South Audley Street, Mayfair, later joining Ellis, Son and Vidler of Hastings and London.[9]

On 1 November 1947, Shand was baptised at St. Peter's Church, Firle, East Sussex.[10]

During her childhood, Shand became an avid reader through the influence of her father, who read to her frequently.[11] She grew up with dogs and cats,[12] and, at a young age, learnt how to ride by joining Pony Club camps, going on to win rosettes at community gymkhanas.[4][13] According to her, childhood "was perfect in every way".[3] Biographer Gyles Brandreth describes her background and childhood:

Camilla is often described as having had an "

Famous Five, but Enid Blyton's children were essentially middle-class children and the Shands, without question, belonged to the upper class. The Shands had position and they had help—help in the house, help in the garden, help with children. They were gentry. They opened their garden for the local Conservative Party Association summer fête. Enough said.[12]

When she was five, Shand was sent to Dumbrells, a

British Institute in Paris for six months.[16][17][18]

On 25 March 1965, Shand was a

Sibyl Colefax & John Fowler in Mayfair.[23] She was reportedly fired from the job after "she came in late, having been to a dance".[24]

Shand continued to ride, and frequently attended equestrian activities.[25] She also had a passion for painting, which eventually led to her private tutoring with an artist, although most of her work "ended up in the bin".[26] Other interests were fishing, horticulture and gardening.[27][28]

Marriages and children

First marriage

In the late 1960s, Shand met

Queen Elizabeth II's daughter, Anne; the Queen's sister, Margaret; and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.[34]

Bolehyde Manor in Allington, Wiltshire

The couple made their home in

Earldom of Macclesfield.[40]

In December 1994, after 21 years of marriage, the couple issued divorce proceedings on the grounds they had been living separately for years. In July of that year, Camilla's mother, Rosalind, had died from osteoporosis, and her father later described this as a "difficult time for her".[41] Their petition was heard and granted in January 1995 at the High Court Family Division in London.[42] The divorce was finalised on 3 March 1995.[43] A year later, Andrew married Rosemary Pitman (who died in 2010).[44][45]

Relationship with Charles

Shand reportedly met Prince Charles in mid-1971.[46] Andrew Parker Bowles had ended his relationship with Shand in 1970 and was courting Princess Anne.[47] Though Shand and Charles belonged to the same social circle and occasionally attended the same events, they had not formally met. Gyles Brandreth states that they did not first meet at a polo match, as has been commonly believed.[48][49] Instead, they first met at the home of their friend Lucía Santa Cruz, who formally introduced them.[25][50] They became close friends and eventually began a romantic relationship, which was well known within their social circle.[51] As a couple, they regularly met at polo matches at Smith's Lawn in Windsor Great Park, where Charles often played polo.[52] They also became part of a set at Annabel's in Berkeley Square.[46] As the relationship grew more serious, Charles met Shand's family in Plumpton, and he introduced her to some members of his family.[53] The relationship was put on hold after Charles travelled overseas to join the Royal Navy in early 1973, and ended abruptly afterward.[1][54]

There have been different explanations for why the relationship ended.

Amanda Knatchbull.[56] Some sources suggest Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother did not approve of Shand because she wanted Charles to marry one of the Spencer family granddaughters of her close friend Lady Fermoy.[57] Other sources suggest Shand did not want to marry Charles but instead Andrew Parker Bowles, having had an on-and-off relationship with him since the late 1960s[58]—or that Charles had decided he would not marry until he was 30.[59]

The majority of royal biographers agree that Charles would not have been allowed to marry Shand had he sought permission to do so. According to Charles's cousin and godmother

Lady Diana Spencer, whom he married in 1981.[69]

The affair became public knowledge in the press a decade later, with the publication of

tabloid press.[73][74] The book and tape immediately damaged Charles's public image,[75] and the media vilified Parker Bowles.[76] In 1994, Charles finally spoke about his relationship with Parker Bowles in Charles: The Private Man, the Public Role with Jonathan Dimbleby. He told Dimbleby in the interview, "Mrs. Parker Bowles is a great friend of mine... a friend for a very long time. She will continue to be a friend for a very long time."[77] He later admitted in the interview that their relationship was rekindled after his marriage had "irretrievably broken down" in 1986.[78]

Image rehabilitation

Following both of their divorces, Charles declared his relationship with Parker Bowles was "non-negotiable".[79] Charles was aware that the relationship was receiving a lot of negative publicity, and appointed Mark Bolland—whom he had employed in 1995 to refurbish his own image‍—‌to enhance Parker Bowles's public profile.[80] In July 1997, she was involved in a head-on car accident while driving to Highgrove House, though neither she nor the other driver sustained any major injuries.[81] Parker Bowles occasionally became Charles's unofficial companion at events. In 1999, they made their first public appearance together at the Ritz London Hotel, where they attended a birthday party for her sister; about 200 photographers and reporters from around the world were there to witness them together.[82] In 2000, she accompanied Charles to Scotland for a number of official engagements, and in 2001, she became president of the Royal Osteoporosis Society (ROS), which introduced her to the public.[83]

Parker Bowles later met Queen Elizabeth II, for the first time since Parker Bowles and Charles's relationship was made public, at the 60th birthday party of the former Greek king

royal box behind the Queen for one of the concerts at Buckingham Palace.[86] Charles reportedly paid privately for two full-time security staff for her protection.[87] Although Parker Bowles maintained her residence, Ray Mill House, which she purchased in 1995, near Lacock in Wiltshire,[88] she then moved into Clarence House, Charles's household and official residence since 2003.[89][90] In 2004, she accompanied Charles on almost all of his official events, including a high-profile visit together to the annual highland games in Scotland.[91] The media speculated on when they would announce their engagement, and as time went by, polls conducted in the United Kingdom showed overall support for the marriage.[92]

Despite this image rehabilitation, Parker Bowles received backlash from supporters of Diana who wrote to national newspapers to air their views, especially after Parker Bowles and Charles's wedding plans were announced.

fanpages and accounts dedicated to Diana.[94] In 2023, The Independent named Camilla the most influential woman of 2023 in its "Influence List" and her name appeared on the list again in 2024 and 2025.[95][96][97]

Second marriage

Further information: Wedding of Prince Charles and Camilla Parker Bowles and Wedding dress of Camilla Parker Bowles

On 10 February 2005, Clarence House publicised the engagement of Camilla Parker Bowles and the Prince of Wales. As an engagement ring, Charles gave Parker Bowles a diamond ring believed to have been given to his grandmother when she gave birth to Charles's mother.

supreme governor of the Church of England, the prospect of Charles marrying a divorcée was seen as controversial, but with the consent of the Queen,[100] the government,[101] and the Church of England, the couple were able to wed. The Queen and Tony Blair, along with Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams, offered their best wishes in statements to the media.[102] In the two months following the announcement of their engagement, Clarence House received 25,000 letters with "95 or 99 per cent being supportive"; 908 hate mail letters were also received, with the more threatening and personal ones sent to the police for investigation.[103]

The marriage was to have been on 8 April 2005, in a

funeral of Pope John Paul II.[106]

On 9 April 2005, the marriage ceremony was held. The parents of Charles and Camilla did not attend;

St. Petersburg brought a Belarusian mezzo-soprano singer, Ekaterina Semenchuk, to the United Kingdom to perform a special song for the couple.[111] Following the wedding, the couple travelled to Charles's country home in Scotland, Birkhall,[112] and carried out their first public duties together during their honeymoon.[113]

Duchess of Cornwall

A smiling Camilla waves her hand.
In Brazil, 2009

After becoming

orders of precedence of her other realms, following the Queen, the relevant viceroy, the Duke of Edinburgh, and the Prince of Wales. It was revealed that the Queen altered the royal order of precedence "on blood principles" for private occasions, placing the Duchess fourth, after the Queen, Princess Anne and Princess Alexandra.[114] Within two years of the marriage, the Queen extended Camilla visible tokens of membership in the royal family: she lent Camilla the Greville Tiara, which previously belonged to the Queen Mother,[115] and granted her the badge of the Royal Family Order of Elizabeth II.[116]

After their wedding, Clarence House, Charles's official residence, also became Camilla's. The couple also stay at Birkhall for holiday events, and Highgrove House in Gloucestershire for family gatherings. In 2008, they took up residence at Llwynywermod, Wales, where they stay on their visit to Wales every year in the summer and for other occasions.[117] To spend time alone with her children and grandchildren, Camilla still maintains Ray Mill House, in which she resided from 1995 to 2003.[118]

With Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Charles in the 1902 State Landau, 2012

According to an undated statement from Clarence House, Camilla used to be a

news media phone hacking scandal.[124]

On 9 April 2012, Camilla and Charles's seventh wedding anniversary, the Queen appointed Camilla to the

self-isolating.[129] She and Charles received their first doses of a COVID-19 vaccine in February 2021.[130] She completed 3,886 engagements between 2005 and 2022.[131]

Foreign and domestic trips

Charles and Camilla with George W. and Laura Bush at the White House, November 2005

Camilla's first solo engagement as Duchess of Cornwall was a visit to

trapped nerve in her back.[121] In October 2010, she accompanied Charles to Delhi, India, for the opening of the 2010 Commonwealth Games.[143]

At the official opening of the Fourth Assembly at the Senedd in Cardiff, Wales, 7 June 2011

In March 2011, Camilla and Charles visited Portugal, Spain, and Morocco,

Arab States of the Persian Gulf. They toured South Africa and Tanzania and met with those countries' respective presidents, Jacob Zuma and Jakaya Kikwete.[150]

In March 2012, the couple visited Norway, Sweden and Denmark to mark

Queen Beatrix.[157][158]

In Rwanda, June 2022

In June 2014, Camilla and Charles attended the 70th anniversary commemorations of

Elizabeth II's Platinum Jubilee.[167] In May 2022, the couple undertook a three-day trip to Canada as part of the jubilee celebrations.[168]

Queen consort

On her coronation day

Camilla became

death of Elizabeth II.[169] In his first address to the nation, Charles paid tribute to his "darling wife" Camilla for "the loving help and steadfast devotion to duty".[170][171] On 10 September, she attended the Accession Council where Charles was formally proclaimed king and she served as a witness together with her stepson William.[172]

Following the accession, Camilla announced that she was replacing the traditional role of

queen's companion, which would be a more occasional and less formal role, assisting her at official engagements but not in replying to letters or day-to-day planning.[173] On 13 February 2023, Buckingham Palace announced that Camilla had tested positive for COVID-19, which forced her to postpone a number of public engagements.[174]

Camilla was crowned alongside Charles on 6 May 2023 at Westminster Abbey, London.[175] On 16 June 2023, Buckingham Palace announced that Charles had appointed Camilla to the

Sovereign Grant instead.[178]

D-Day
anniversary in France, June 2024

In March 2023, Camilla accompanied Charles for a state visit to Germany, which was his first foreign visit as monarch.[179] In September and October 2023, the King and Queen undertook state visits to France and Kenya,[180][181] and in November, Camilla appeared at Charles's side at his first State Opening of Parliament as Sovereign.[182]

Due to the King's cancer diagnosis in 2024, the Queen deputised for him in his absence at the

D-Day.[186] In October, she accompanied Charles on a tour of Australia and Samoa.[187] In the following month she cancelled several of her public engagements due to a chest infection that was later revealed to be a form of pneumonia.[188][189]

Charity work

Patronages

The Queen is the

patron or president of more than 100 charities and organisations.[190][b]
She is the honorary
commodore-in-chief of the Royal Navy Medical Service. In this role, she visited the training-ship HMS Excellent in January 2012, to award medals to naval medical teams returning from service in Afghanistan.[203] She is also an honorary member of other patronages and in February 2012, she was elected a bencher of Gray's Inn.[204] In February 2013, she was appointed Chancellor of the University of Aberdeen, a role which is ceremonial and involves conferring graduates with their degrees.[205] She took up the office in June 2013. She is the first female chancellor of the University of Aberdeen and the only member of the royal family to hold the post since it was created in 1860.[206]

Camilla greets a group of schoolchildren holding the flags of the Commonwealth and various countries.
At Barn Croft Primary School for a Commonwealth Big Lunch event, 2018. Camilla has been the initiative's patron since 2013.[207]

In 2015, Camilla's presidency of the Women of the World Festival, an annual festival that celebrates the achievements of women and girls as well as looking at the obstacles they face across the world, notably domestic violence,[208] was announced.[209] In 2018 and 2020, she became the vice-patron of the Royal Commonwealth Society and the Royal Academy of Dance, respectively, of which Queen Elizabeth II was a patron.[210] In March 2022, as president of the Royal Voluntary Service, Camilla launched the organisation's Platinum Champions Awards to honour 70 volunteers nominated by the public for their efforts in improving lives in their communities.[211] In the same month, the Queen made Camilla patron of London's National Theatre, a role previously held by Camilla's stepdaughter-in-law Meghan, Duchess of Sussex.[212] In January 2024, Camilla became the first royal patron of the Anne Frank Trust UK.[213]

In May 2024, after a major review of royal patronages and charity presidencies, Camilla took on 15 new patronages,

Queen's Nursing Institute.[217]

Osteoporosis

In 1994, Camilla became a member of the

National Osteoporosis Society after her mother died from the disease that year. Her maternal grandmother also died from the disease in 1986. She became patron of the charity in 1997 and was appointed president in 2001 in a highly publicised event, accompanied by Charles.[218] In 2002, she launched a mini book, A Skeleton Guide to a Healthy You, Vitamins and Minerals, which aims to help women protect themselves from the disease.[219] The following month, she attended the Roundtable of International Women Leaders to Examine Barriers to Reimbursement for Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis conference along with 13 eminent women from around the world. The event was organised by the International Osteoporosis Foundation and hosted by Queen Rania of Jordan and during it, she made her first public speech. The international conference, which took place in Lisbon, Portugal, brought together worldwide public figures to focus on osteoporosis treatment and called for government assistance around the world.[220] In 2004, she attended another conference in Dublin, organised by the Irish Osteoporosis Society. The following year, she visited the United States National Institutes of Health in Maryland to give a presentation on osteoporosis to high-profile health figures.[221]

NIH director Elias Zerhouni welcomes Charles and Camilla to the NIH for a discussion on osteoporosis with Surgeon General Richard Carmona and other health officials, November 2005.

In 2006, Camilla launched the Big Bone walk campaign, leading 90 children and people with osteoporosis for a 10-mile walk and climb around

Balmoral Estate in Scotland to raise money for the charity.[222] The campaign raised £200,000, and continues almost every year as one of the fundraisers for the charity.[223] In 2011, she appeared in the BBC Radio drama The Archers, playing herself,[224] to raise the profile of the disease, and in 2013 teamed up with the television series Strictly Come Dancing to raise funds for the National Osteoporosis Society.[225] By 2006, she had spoken at more than 60 functions on the disease in the United Kingdom and around the world and had also opened bone scanning units and osteoporosis centres to help people with the disease.[218] Almost every year, Camilla attends and partakes in World Osteoporosis Day, by attending events around the United Kingdom on 20 October.[226] She continues to attend conferences around the world, and meets with health experts to further discuss the disease.[227]

For her work on raising awareness of osteoporosis around the world, Camilla was honoured with an Ethel LeFrak award in 2005 from an American charity

The Queen's Award for Osteoporosis), which recognises achievements in the field of osteoporosis.[232] In 2016, she received an honorary doctorate from the University of Southampton in recognition of her efforts in raising awareness about osteoporosis.[233] In 2019, the National Osteoporosis Society was renamed as the Royal Osteoporosis Society.[234]

Victims of rape and sexual abuse

After visiting nine

Wiltshire Bobby Van Trust,[240] which provides home security for victims of crime and domestic abuse, and of SafeLives, a charity that campaigns against domestic abuse and violence.[241]

In 2013, Camilla held a meeting at Clarence House which brought together rape victims and rape support groups. Director of Public Prosecutions

Boots to create a line of wash-bags which will be given to sexual assault referral centres around the United Kingdom.[246] As of 2024, it has donated more than 50,000 wash-bags filled with toiletries, which are offered at SARCs after a forensic examination.[247]

In May 2020, Camilla supported SafeLives's 'Reach In' campaign, which encourages people to look out for people around them that might be suffering from domestic violence.

culture of silence" surrounding sexual assault.[251]

In February 2022, the Duchess and Theresa May supported a campaign initiated by the NHS England to encourage survivors of sexual and domestic abuse to come forward for help.

Crown Princess Mary of Denmark and the first lady of Ukraine, Olena Zelenska.[254] Her work with survivors of domestic abuse and campaigners working to raise awareness on the issues was covered in the ITV documentary Her Majesty The Queen: Behind Closed Doors in November 2024.[255]

Literacy

With Peter McLaughlin, then headmaster of The Doon School which she visited in November 2013 on her India tour[256]

Being an avid reader, Camilla is an advocate for literacy. She is the patron of the National Literacy Trust and other literacy charities. She often visits schools, libraries and children's organisations to read to young children. Additionally, she partakes in literacy celebrations, including International Literacy Day and World Book Day.[257] In 2011, she donated money to support the Evening Standard's literacy campaign,[258] and replaced the Duke of Edinburgh as patron of BookTrust.[259] Camilla has also launched and continues to launch campaigns and programmes to promote literacy.[260] On spreading literacy, she stated in 2013 during a speech at an event for the National Literacy Trust that "I firmly believe in the importance of igniting a passion for reading in the next generation. I was lucky enough to have a father who was a fervent bibliophile and a brilliant storyteller too. In a world where the written word competes with so many other calls on our attention, we need more Literacy Heroes to keep inspiring young people to find the pleasure and power of reading for themselves."[261]

Camilla has been patron of the Queen's Commonwealth Essay Competition since 2014. The initiative, which is run by the Royal Commonwealth Society, asks young writers from across the Commonwealth to write essays on a specified theme, with Camilla launching the competition annually.[262] Since 2015, she has been involved with 500 Words, a competition launched by BBC Radio 2 for children to write and share their stories[263] and was announced as the competition's honorary judge in 2018.[264] Since 2019, she has supported Gyles Brandreth's initiative Poetry Together, which aims to bring younger and older generations together through poetry recitation.[265]

In January 2021, Camilla launched the Duchess of Cornwall's Reading Room online club for readers, writers and literary communities to connect and share their interests and projects.

phonebox libraries around the United Kingdom.[267] In February 2023, the Reading Room initiative was relaunched as a charity under the name the Queen's Reading Room.[268] The inaugural Queen's Reading Room Festival was held at Hampton Court Palace on 11 June, with Judi Dench, Richard E. Grant, Robert Harris, Kate Mosse and other celebrities as guests.[269] The festival has become an annual event.[270] In March 2025, Camilla launched the Queen's Reading Room Medal to recognise the work of people that contribute to the practice of reading among their communities.[271]

In October 2021, Camilla was announced as patron of Silver Stories, a charity that links young people to the elderly by encouraging them to read stories over telephone.[272] In May 2022, she became patron of Book Aid International, a role previously held by Prince Philip from 1966 until his death in 2021.[273] In July 2022 and ahead of her 75th birthday, she launched her Birthday Books Project, with the aim of providing wellbeing and happiness-themed mini libraries at 75 primary schools from disadvantaged areas in the United Kingdom.[274] In May 2023, as patron of the National Literacy Trust, Camilla opened the first Coronation library at Shirehampton Primary School in Bristol, and 50 Coronation libraries will be created for children in communities with low levels of literacy across the United Kingdom in 2023 and 2024.[275] In September 2023, she launched a new UK-France literary prize with Brigitte Macron, the Entente Littéraire Prize at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) in Paris. The Entente Littéraire Prize will recognise Young Adult (YA) Fiction and allow UK and French citizens to share joint literary experiences, reinforcing cultural ties whilst celebrating the joys of reading.[276][277] In January 2024, twenty new manuscripts by different authors were added to the miniature library of Queen Mary's Dolls' House as part of the Modern-Day Miniature Library project headed by Camilla to reflect Britain's modern literature.[278]

Other areas

Camilla is a supporter of

veterinary facilities at the University of Bristol's School of Veterinary Sciences at Langford in Somerset, which provide treatment for sick animals.[284] In 2015, she worked with department store Fortnum & Mason to sell 250 jars of honey produced by bees in her private garden in Wiltshire; the jars, priced at £20, sold out in two weeks[285] and the proceeds were donated to the Medical Detection Dogs charity, of which she is a patron.[286] Since then, she sends a limited edition of honey every year to Fortnum & Mason, with proceeds donated to her other charities.[287]

Camilla supports organisations around the world working to combat poverty and

FGM,[291] arts and heritage related organisations and programmes.[194]

In March 2022 and amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Camilla made a "substantial" donation to the Daily Mail's refugee campaign.[292] In February 2023, she and Charles donated to the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) which was helping victims of the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes.[293]

Fashion and style

Camilla topped Richard Blackwell's list of "Ten Worst-Dressed Women" in 1994, and her name appeared on it again in 1995, 2001 and 2006.[294] In the years after her marriage, she has developed her own style and tried outfits and ensembles by notable fashion designers.[295][296] She is said to prefer "signature tea and shirt dress styles" and favours "tones of nude, white and navy" and "round necklines".[295] She has also been praised for her jewellery collections.[295] In 2018, Tatler named her on its list of Britain's best dressed people, praising her for her hat choices which have given "millinery a good name".[297] Charles and Camilla topped Tatler's Social Power Index for 2022 and 2023.[298] In 2024, the magazine included her on its list of the most glamorous European royals.[299]

In 2022, Camilla took part in her first solo magazine shoot for British Vogue, appearing in the July 2022 issue.[300] The shoot took place at Clarence House, and the outfits were chosen from her own wardrobe.[300] In 2023, she was named among British Vogue's "The Vogue 25", which annually celebrates influential women pushing British society forwards.[301] In response to an enquiry by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, Buckingham Palace stated in May 2024 that Camilla would no longer "procure any new fur garments".[302]

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Main article: List of titles and honours of Queen Camilla

Titles and styles

A logo with "C" and a crown
Camilla's royal cyphers as queen (left)[303] and Duchess of Cornwall (right)

Upon marrying Charles, Camilla was styled "Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cornwall". In Scotland, she was known as "Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Rothesay".

death of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Charles inherited his father's titles,[306] and Camilla thus became also formally Duchess of Edinburgh until Charles's accession the following year.[307]

Clarence House stated on the occasion of Charles and Camilla's wedding in 2005 that, upon his accession, she intended to be known as princess consort rather than as queen.[308] Like the initial title of duchess, this promise reflected public disapproval.[169] There is no legal or historical precedent for such a title, however, and Camilla was to be queen under common law anyway.[309] The rising public acceptance of her allowed the 2005 announcement to be quietly shelved.[169] In her 2022 Accession Day message, Elizabeth II stated that it was her "sincere wish" for Camilla to be known as queen consort upon Charles's accession to the throne.[310]

Camilla duly became queen consort upon Charles's accession on 8 September 2022. She was initially styled as "Her Majesty The Queen Consort" to distinguish her from the recently deceased Queen Elizabeth II.[311][312] Since her coronation on 6 May 2023, she has been styled "Her Majesty The Queen", consistent with past queens consort.[313]

Honours

Camilla is a Royal Lady of the

Privy Council of the United Kingdom.[320]

Arms

Coat of arms of Queen Camilla
Notes
On Camilla's 58th birthday in 2005, Clarence House announced that she had been granted by Queen Elizabeth II a
royal arms to the dexter, with her father's own arms to the sinister.[323]
Adopted
21 February 2023 (first granted 14 July 2005)[323]
Coronet
Tudor Crown[323]
Escutcheon
Within the Garter Our Royal Arms [Quarterly, I and IV
Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules. III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent] impaling the Arms of Shand [Azure a Boar's Head erased behind the ears Argent armed and langued Or on a Chief engrailed Argent between two Mullets Gules a Cross crosslet fitchy Sable] surmounted by Our Crown[322][323]
Supporters
To the dexter A Lion Guardant Or Crowned proper and to the sinister A Boar Azure armed and unguled Or langued Gules and gorged with a Coronet composed of Crosses formy and Fleurs-de-lys attached thereto a Chain reflexed over the back and ending in a Ring all Or[323]
Orders
The ribbon of the Order of the Garter:[323] Honi soit qui mal y pense ('Shame be to him who thinks evil of it')
Banner
A banner of Camilla's arms combined with the Royal Standard
Symbolism
The arms contain symbolism from Camilla's paternal arms: those of the Shands of Craig from Aberdeenshire. The boar's head might indicate a connection to the prominent
Gordon family of Aberdeenshire, whose arms also contain a boar's head. The mullets (stars) probably stem from marriage alliances with families that used mullets in their arms: potentially the Aberdeenshire family of Blackhall or the family of Reid of Pitfoddells.[324] The cross is used to difference the family arms and is specific to Camilla's father, Major Bruce Shand. Camilla's blue boar supporter echoes Major Shand's crest ("a boar statant Azure armed and langued Gules his dexter forefoot resting on a mullet Gules").[325]
Previous versions
GCVO appended.[326]

Ancestry

Camilla's ancestry is predominantly English. She also has

French–Canadian ancestors.[327]

Camilla is descended from Dutch emigrant

King William III in 1696.[328] Through Anne van Keppel, Countess of Albemarle and a granddaughter of King Charles II, Camilla's bloodline is descended from the Houses of Stuart and Bourbon.[327][329]
Camilla's Scottish lineage descends from
Sir William Edmonstone, 4th Baronet.[330] Her paternal ancestors, an upper-class family, emigrated to England from Scotland.[331]

Camilla's French lineage derives partially through her maternal great-great-grandmother, Sophia Mary MacNab of Hamilton, Ontario, daughter of Sir Allan MacNab, who was prime minister of the Province of Canada before Confederation.[332] Sophia's son George Keppel and King Edward VII's mistress Alice Keppel were Camilla's maternal great-grandparents.[333]

Through Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, Camilla and Charles are ninth cousins once removed.[334]

Waxwork of Charles and Camilla at Madame Tussauds, London

Emerald Fennell and Olivia Williams have portrayed Camilla during various stages of her life on the Netflix series The Crown.[335][336] Fennell's performance in the 2020 fourth season earned her a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series.[337] Haydn Gwynne played Camilla in the sitcom The Windsors.[338]

In 2024, to celebrate Queen Camilla’s role as President of The WOW Foundation and the work of the foundation in empowering girls and women, Barbie created a one-of-a-kind Barbie doll in her likeness.[339]

Bibliography

Books

  • Foreword to: Kotecha, Ameer (2022). The Platinum Jubilee Cookbook. Jon Croft Editions.
    ISBN 9780993354069
    .

Authored articles and letters

Guest-editor

  • "HRH The Duchess of Cornwall: Guest Editor". Country Life. 13 July 2022.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b The 14 other realms are Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the Solomon Islands, and Tuvalu.
  1. ^ Some sources report that she was born in Plumpton, but it seems that this is a confusion of her childhood home with her birthplace.
  2. Wiltshire Air Ambulance,[194] and the P. G. Wodehouse Society of the Netherlands.[202]

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b Graham 2005, p. 9.
  2. ^ Historic England. "The Laines (1238285)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 June 2018.
  3. ^ a b Brandreth 2007, p. 104.
  4. ^ a b Brandreth 2007, p. 107.
  5. ^ "Duchess of Cornwall's brother dies". BBC News. 23 April 2014. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2014.
  6. ^ The Times, 4 November 1947.
  7. ^ Souhami 1996, p. 9.
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Works cited

Further reading
British royalty
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Title last held by
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as consort
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