Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago
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Archdiocese of Chicago Archidiœcesis Chicagiensis | |
---|---|
Location | |
Country | United States |
Territory | Counties of Cook and Lake |
Ecclesiastical province | Chicago |
Statistics | |
Area | 1,411 sq mi (3,650 km2) |
Population - Total - Catholics | (as of 2017) 5.94 million 2,079,000[1] (35%) |
Parishes | 216[1] (As of 1/2024) |
Schools | 154 archdiocesan-run[1] 34 non-archdiocesan-run Joseph N. Perry |
Map | |
Website | |
archchicago.org |
The Archdiocese of Chicago (
, an area of 1,411 square miles (3,650 km2). The archdiocese is divided into six vicariates and 31 deaneries.Diocesan history
Arrival of missionaries
A French
First priest
In 1795, the
First parish
At the cost of four hundred dollars, Saint Cyr purchased a plot of land at what is now the intersection of Lake and State Streets and constructed a church building of 25 by 35 feet (7.6 by 10.7 m). It was dedicated in October 1833. The following year, Bishop Simon Bruté of Vincennes visited Chicago, where he found over 400 Catholics with only one priest to serve them. The bishop asked permission from Bishop Rosati to send the priests Fischer, Shaefer, Saint Palais, Dupontavice, and Joliet from Vincennes to tend to the needs of the Chicago region. In 1837, Saint Cyr was allowed to retire and was replaced by Chicago's first English-speaking priest, James Timothy O'Meara. O'Meara moved the church built by Saint Cyr to what is now the intersection of Wabash Avenue and Madison Street. When O'Meara left Chicago, Saint Palais demolished the church and replaced it with a new brick structure.[7]
Diocesan establishment
The First Plenary Council of Baltimore concluded that the Roman Catholic population of Chicago was growing exponentially and was in dire need of an episcopal see of its own. With the consent of Pope Gregory XVI, the Diocese of Chicago was canonically erected on November 28, 1843. In 1844, William Quarter of Ireland was appointed as the first Bishop of Chicago. Upon his arrival, Quarter summoned a synod of 32 Chicago priests to begin the organization of the diocese.[6] One of Quarter's most important achievements was his successful petitioning for the passage of an Illinois law in 1845 that declared the Bishop of Chicago an incorporated entity, a corporation sole, with power to hold real and other property in trust for religious purposes.[8] This allowed the bishop to pursue large-scale construction of new churches, colleges, and universities to serve the needs of Chicago's Roman Catholic faithful. After four years of service as Bishop of Chicago, Bishop Quarter died on April 10, 1848.[9]
Fire of 1871
The church lost nearly a million dollars in church property in the
Archdiocese establishment
The southern section of the state of Illinois split from Chicago diocese in 1853, becoming the Diocese of Quincy. The Quincy diocese was renamed the Diocese of Alton in 1857, and eventually became the Diocese of Springfield. The Diocese of Peoria was established in 1877 from another territorial split from the Chicago diocese.[8]
From 1844 to 1879, the
28th International Eucharistic Congress
In 1926, the archdiocese hosted the 28th International Eucharistic Congress.
Our Lady of the Angels fire
A fire occurred at Our Lady of Angels School on December 1, 1958, in the Humboldt Park area of western Chicago. The school, operated by the Archdiocese, lost 92 students and three nuns in five classrooms on the second floor.
In 1959 the National Fire Protection Association's report on the blaze blamed civic authorities and the Archdiocese of Chicago for "housing their children in fire traps" – their words – such as Our Lady of the Angels School. The report noted that both the Chicago School Board and the archdiocese continued to allow some schools to be legally operated despite having inadequate fire safety standards.
Sexual abuse
On May 23, 2023, the Illinois Attorney General released a report on Catholic clergy child sex abuse in Illinois. The multi-year investigation found that more than 450 Catholic clergy in Illinois abused nearly 2,000 children since 1950.[10][11]
Church closings
In the early 1990s, the Archdiocese of Chicago closed almost 40 Catholic churches and schools.[12] In 2016, increasing costs, low attendance and priest shortages fueled plans to close or consolidate up to 100 Chicago Catholic churches and schools in the following 15 years.[13] As of 2024, 37 Catholic churches in Chicago and 20 in the surrounding suburbs had closed permanently.[14] The total number of Catholic parishes were reduced from 344 to 216 as of 2024.[15]
Churches
In the 1950s, Chicago-area Catholics spoke of which churches they attended and identified themselves via these churches. University of Notre Dame professor Kathleen Sprows Cummings stated that knowing one's church revealed demographic information and that it "was an identifier, almost more identifiable than the particular neighborhood that they lived in."[16]
Archbishop's residence
The archbishop's residence at 1555 North State Parkway is the official home of the
When Pope John Paul II visited Chicago in 1979, he became the first pontiff to stay at the residence, though two previous popes had stayed there as cardinals: Eugenio Cardinal Pacelli, who became Pope Pius XII; and Giovanni Cardinal Montini, who became Pope Paul VI.
Before the establishment of the archbishop's residence, the Bishops of Chicago were in residence at a home on LaSalle Street and North Avenue.
All archbishops of Chicago lived at the mansion until the appointment of the ninth and current archbishop,
Bishops
Bishops of Chicago
- William J. Quarter (1844–1848)
- Bishop of Natchez
- Anthony O'Regan (1854–1858)
- James Duggan (1859–1880)
Archbishops of Chicago
- Patrick Augustine Feehan (1880–1902)
- James Edward Quigley (1903–1915)
- Cardinal George Mundelein (1915–1939)
- Cardinal Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith
- Cardinal Albert Gregory Meyer (1958–1965)
- Cardinal John Cody (1965–1982)
- Cardinal Joseph Bernardin (1982–1996)
- Cardinal Francis George (1997–2014)
- Cardinal Blase J. Cupich (2014–present)
Current auxiliary bishops
- Mark Andrew Bartosic (2018–present)
- Robert Gerald Casey (2018–present)
- Jeffrey S. Grob (2020–present)
- Robert J. Lombardo (2020–present)
Former auxiliary bishops
- Alexander Joseph McGavick (1899–1921), appointed Bishop of La Crosse
- Peter Muldoon (1901–1908), appointed Bishop of Rockford
- Paul Peter Rhode (1908–1915), appointed Bishop of Green Bay
- Edward Francis Hoban (1922–1928), appointed Bishop of Rockford and later Bishop of Cleveland
- Bernard James Sheil (1928–1969), appointed Archbishop ad personam in 1959
- William David O'Brien (1934–1962)
- William Edward Cousins (1948–1952), appointed Bishop of Peoria and later Archbishop of Milwaukee
- Raymond Peter Hillinger (1956–1971), appointed Bishop of Rockford
- Cletus F. O'Donnell (1960–1967), appointed Bishop of Madison
- Aloysius John Wycislo (1960–1968), appointed Bishop of Green Bay
- Bishop of Joliet
- Archbishop of St. Louis
- Thomas Joseph Grady (1967–1974), appointed Bishop of Orlando
- Bishop of Fort Wayne-South Bend
- Michael Dempsey (1968–1974)
- Alfred Leo Abramowicz (1968–1995)
- Nevin William Hayes (1971–1988)
- Bishop of Winona and later Archbishop of Portland in Oregon
- Plácido Rodriguez (1983–1994), appointed Bishop of Lubbock
- Archbishop of Atlanta and Archbishop of Washington
- Timothy Joseph Lyne (1983–2013)
- John R. Gorman (1988–2003)
- Thad J. Jakubowski (1988–2003)
- Raymond E. Goedert (1991–2003)
- Bishop of Tucson
- Edwin Michael Conway (1995–2004)
- Coadjutor Bishop of St. Thomasand subsequently succeeded to that see
- John R. Manz (1996–2021)
- Archbishop of Milwaukee
- Thomas J. Paprocki (2003–2010), appointed Bishop of Springfield in Illinois
- Francis J. Kane (2003–2018)
- George J. Rassas(2006–2018)
- Alberto Rojas (2011–2019), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of San Bernardino and subsequently succeeded to that see
- Bishop of Joliet
- Joseph N. Perry (1998–2023)
- Andrew Peter Wypych (2011–2023)
- Kevin M. Birmingham (2020–2023)
Other priests of this diocese who became bishops
- Peter Joseph Baltes, appointed Bishop of Alton in 1869
- John McMullen, appointed Bishop of Davenport in 1881
- Maurice Francis Burke, appointed Bishop of Cheyenne in 1887
- Edward Joseph Dunne, appointed Bishop of Dallas in 1893
- Thaddeus Joseph Butler, appointed Bishop of Concordia in 1897 (died before consecration)
- Edmund Michael Dunne, appointed Bishop of Peoria in 1909
- Stanislaus Vincent Bona, appointed Bishop of Grand Island in 1931
- Moses Elias Kiley, appointed Bishop of Trenton in 1934
- Francis Joseph Magner, appointed Bishop of Marquette in 1940
- Patrick Thomas Brennan,(priest here, 1928–1936), appointed Prefect of Kwoszu, Korea (South) in 1948
- Martin Dewey McNamara, appointed Bishop of Joliet in Illinois in 1948
- William Aloysius O'Connor, appointed Bishop of Springfield in Illinois in 1948
- Donald Martin Carroll, appointed Bishop of Rockford in 1956 (did not take effect)
- Ernest John Primeau, appointed Bishop of Manchester in 1959
- Romeo Roy Blanchette, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Joliet in Illinois in 1965
- Raymond James Vonesh, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Joliet in Illinois in 1968
- Paul Casimir Marcinkus, appointed titular Archbishop in 1968
- Thomas Joseph Murphy, appointed Bishop of Great Falls in 1978
- John Richard Keating, appointed Bishop of Arlington in 1983
- James Patrick Keleher, appointed Bishop of Belleville in 1984
- Edward Michael Egan, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of New York in 1985; future Cardinal
- Edward James Slattery, appointed Bishop of Tulsa in 1993
- Edward Kenneth Braxton, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of St. Louis in 1995
- Robert Emmet Barron, appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Los Angeles in 2015; appointed bishop of Winona-Rochester in 2022
- Michael G. McGovern, appointed Bishop of Belleville in 2020
- Louis Tylka, appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Peoria in 2020 and subsequently succeeded to that see
Structure of the archdiocese
Administration
The Archdiocese Pastoral Centers are Archbishop Quigley Center, 835 North Rush Street and Cardinal Meyer Center, 3525 South Lake Park Avenue, both in Chicago.
Administrative Council to the Archbishop
Robert Casey, Vicar General
Stephen Kanonik, Moderator of the Curia
Daniel Welter, Chancellor
Jeffrey S. Grob, Auxiliary Bishop, Episcopal Vicar, Vicariate I
Mark A. Bartosic, Auxiliary Bishop, Episcopal Vicar, Vicariate II
Robert J. Lombardo, CFR, Auxiliary Bishop, Episcopal Vicar, Vicariate III
Andrew P. Wypych, Auxiliary Bishop, Episcopal Vicar, Vicariate V
Joseph N. Perry, Auxiliary Bishop, Episcopal Vicar, Vicariate VI
Thomas A. Baima, Vice Rector for Academic Affairs, University of St. Mary of the Lake / Mundelein Seminary
Michael M. Boland, Director, Catholic Charities
Betsy Bohlen, Chief Financial Officer
George Puszka, Director, Finance
Christopher J. Cannova, Department of Personnel Services
Peter de Keartry, Interim-Director, Department of Human Services
Peter Wojik, Director, Department of Parish Vitality and Mission
Jim Rigg, Superintendent, Archdiocesan Board of Catholic Education
Departments
Departments, agencies and offices include:
- Amate House
- Archdiocesan Council of Catholic Women
- Archives and Records, Assistance Ministry
- Catechesis
- Catholic Cemeteries
- Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of Chicago
- Catholic Chaplaincy at O'Hare
- Catholic Schools
- Chancellor
- Communications and Public Relations
- Conciliation
- Diaconate
- Divine Worship
- Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs
- Family Ministries
- Financial Services
- Food Service Professionals
- Formation, Lay Ecclesial Ministry
- Legal Services
- Liturgy Training Publications
- Metropolitan Tribunal
- Ministerial Evaluation
- Ministry in Higher Education
- Office of Catholic Schools
- Office for Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs Archived October 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
- Office for Evangelization and Missionary Discipleship
- Office of Information Technology
- Office for Peace and Justice
- Office for Persons with Disabilities
- Office of Professional Responsibility
- Ongoing Formation in Ministry
- Parish Life and Formation
- The Protection of Children and Youth
- Racial Justice
- Research and Planning
- Respect Life
- Stewardship and Development
- Vocations
- Young Adult Ministry
- Youth Ministry Office.[17]
Office of Catholic Schools
The Office of Catholic Schools operates, manages, and supports diocesan and Catholic primary and secondary schools. Catholic education in the Chicago area began on June 3, 1844, with the opening of a boys' school. Chicago parochial schools served various ethnic groups, including Irish,
. Many local nuns living in convents established and operated Catholic schools.The school construction boom ended when Cardinal John Cody, archbishop at the time, decided to limit construction of Catholic schools in Lake County and suburban areas in Cook County. Due to changes in demographics, the archdiocese had closed more than half of its urban schools from 1966 to 2005.[18]
Between 1984 and 2004, the Office of Catholic Schools closed 148 schools and 10 school sites.[19] An August 27, 2015, article in the Chicago Tribune refers to the Archdiocese of Chicago Office of Catholic Schools as the largest private school system in the United States.[20] At the outset of the 2020/21 academic year, the archdiocese ran 160 elementary schools and three high schools. An additional eight Catholic elementary schools and 28 Catholic high schools that are not archdiocesan-run are located within the Archdiocese of Chicago.[1] As of 2015[update], the Superintendent of Catholic Schools is Jim Rigg, Ph.D.[21]
In January 2018, the archdiocese announced the closure of five of its schools.[22] In January 2020, the archdiocese announced the permanent closure of five of its other schools.[23] As of 2022, there are 33 Catholic high schools currently operating in Cook and Lake counties, seven all-girl high schools, seven all-boys high schools and 19 co-ed high schools.[24]
Respect Life Office
Cardinal
The Respect Life Office has coordinated several
Following the overturn of Roe v. Wade on June 24, 2022, a group of abortion rights protesters disrupted a Catholic Mass in Old Town, Chicago on June 26, in response to the Archdiocese's statement supporting Roe's overturn.[29]
Seminaries
- University of Saint Mary of the Lake (Mundelein Seminary) – major seminary
- St. Joseph College Seminary– undergraduate seminary program of the Archdiocese of Chicago (affiliated with Loyola University Chicago) ((closed 2019))
- Archbishop Quigley Preparatory Seminary – high-school seminary (closed 2007)
Province of Chicago
- Diocese of Belleville
- Diocese of Joliet in Illinois
- Diocese of Peoria
- Diocese of Rockford
- Diocese of Springfield in Illinois
See also
- Category:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago
- The Catholic New World, the official newspaper of the Archdiocese
- Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Glenview, Illinois), one of the largest parishes in the Archdiocese
- Polish Cathedral stylechurches of Chicago
- St. Anne Catholic Community, another of the largest parishes in the Archdiocese
- Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Chicago
- Syro-Malabar Catholic Diocese of Saint Thomas the Apostle of Chicago
- List of the Roman Catholic bishops of the United States
- List of the Roman Catholic cathedrals of the United States
- List of the Roman Catholic dioceses of the United States
- United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
- Sexual abuse scandal in the Catholic archdiocese of Chicago
- Shrine of Christ the King, Sovereign Priest; in Chicago, Illinois[30]
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Facts and Figures - Archdiocese of Chicago". www.archchicago.org.
- ^ Joshua J. McElwee (September 21, 2014). "Exclusive: Chicago's new archbishop talks about 'stepping into the unknown'". National Catholic Reporter. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
- ^ "Cardinal Blase J. Cupich Names Bishop Robert G. Casey New Vicar General of Archdiocese of Chicago" (Press release). Archdiocese of Chicago. August 28, 2020. Retrieved September 3, 2020.
- ^ "A Consistent Ethic of Life: Continuing the Dialogue". www.priestsforlife.org. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
- Laval University. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ a b c Melody, John (1908). "Archdiocese of Chicago". Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ "Father O'Meara biography". St. Dennis Church. Archived from the original on March 10, 2007. Retrieved April 29, 2006.
- ^ a b c Avella, Steven M. (2005). "Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Chicago Historical Society/Newberry Library. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ "Bishop William Quarter (1806–1848)". Offaly Historical & Archaeological Society. September 2, 2007. Archived from the original on January 5, 2006. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ "Report On Catholic Clergy Child Sex Abuse In Illinois 2023". Office of the Attorney General - State of Illinois. May 23, 2023. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
- ^ Foody, Kathleen; Tarm, Michael (May 23, 2023). "Catholic clergy sexually abused Illinois kids far more often than church acknowledged, state finds". AP News. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
- ^ Marx, Gary (January 29, 1990). "CHURCHES MAY SHUT, COMMUNITY DOESN'T". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ "Archdiocese May Close Nearly 100 Churches in Next 15 Years". Curbed Chicago. February 9, 2016.
- ^ "Decrees and Letters - Church Relegations". Archdiocese of Chicago. Retrieved April 12, 2024.
- ^ Ahern, Mary Ann (February 8, 2022). "Major Overhaul Will Leave Chicago Archdiocese With 123 Fewer Parishes By July". NBC 5 Chicago.
- ^ "Angels Too Soon: The Tragedy of the 1958 Our Lady of the Angels School Fire". WTTW. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
- ^ "Departments and Agencies" (shtm). Archdiocese of Chicago. Retrieved April 29, 2006.
- ^ Skerrett, Ellen (2005). "Catholic School System". Chicago Historical Society/Newberry Library. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ Simons, Paul. "Closed School History: 1984–2004" (PDF). Archdiocese of Chicago. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ Crosby, Rachel (August 27, 2015). "Chicago Catholic Schools names new superintendent". Chicago Tribune. Chicago. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
- ^ Crosby, Rachel (August 27, 2000). "Chicago Catholic Schools names new superintendent". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ Hope, Leah; Elgas, Rob; Hickey, Megan (January 19, 2018). "Archdiocese of Chicago to close 5 Catholic schools". ABC7 Chicago.
- ^ "Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago to Close 5 Schools". NBC Chicago. January 13, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
- ^ "Six decades later, officials say Regina Dominican's all-girls education increasingly relevant". Chicago Tribune. March 26, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
- ^ Office, Respect Life. "Chastity Education Initiative/Youth". www.respectlifechicago.org. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
- ^ "Respect Life Office". Archdiocese of Chicago. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- Catholic New World. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
- ^ ""March for Life Chicago" to Mark Respect Life Month Activities" (Press release). Archdiocese of Chicago. January 16, 2014.
- ^ Lowe, Mary (August 1, 2022). "No Peaceful Mass in the Anti-Abortion Church". Rampant. Retrieved April 9, 2023.
- ^ "Information, Schedule & Directions". Shrine of Christ the King. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
Further reading
- Coughlin, Roger J. Charitable Care in the Archdiocese of Chicago (Chicago: The Catholic Charities, 2009)
- Dahm, Charles W. Power and Authority in the Catholic Church: Cardinal Cody in Chicago (University of Notre Dame Press, 1981)
- Faraone, Dominic E. "Urban Rifts and Religious Reciprocity: Chicago and the Catholic Church, 1965–1996." (2013, PhD, Marquette University); Bibliography pages 359–86. online
- Garrathan, Gilbert J. The Catholic Church in Chicago, 1673–1871 (Loyola University Press, 1921)
- Greeley, Andrew M. Chicago Catholics and the struggles within their Church (Transaction Publishers, 2011)
- Hoy, Suellen. Good Hearts: Catholic Sisters in Chicago's Past (University of Illinois Press, 2006)
- Kantowicz, Edward R. Corporation Sole: Cardinal Mundelein and Chicago Catholicism (University of Notre Dame Press, 1983)
- Kantowicz, Edward R. The Archdiocese of Chicago: A Journey of Faith (Ireland: Booklink, 2006)
- Kelliher, Thomas G. Hispanic Catholics and the Archidiocese of Chicago, 1923–1970 (PhD Diss. UMI, Dissertation Services, 1998)
- Kennedy, Eugene. This Man Bernardin (Loyola U. Press, 1996)
- Koenig, Rev. Msgr. Harry C., S.T.D., ed. Caritas Christi Urget Nos: A History of the Offices, Agencies, and Institutions of the Archdiocese of Chicago (2 vols. Catholic Bishop of Chicago, 1981)
- Koenig, Rev. Msgr. Harry C., S.T.D., ed. A History of the Parishes of the Archdiocese of Chicago. (2 vols. Catholic Bishop of Chicago, 1980)
- McMahon, Eileen M. What Parish Are You From?: A Chicago Irish Community and Race Relations (University Press of Kentucky, 1995)
- Neary, Timothy B. "Black-Belt Catholic Space: African-American Parishes in Interwar Chicago." US Catholic Historian (2000): 76–91. in JSTOR
- Parot, Joseph John. Polish Catholics in Chicago: 1850–1920: a Religious History (Northern Illinois University Press, 1981.)
- Reiff, Janice L. et al., eds. The Encyclopedia of Chicago (University of Chicago Press, 2004) online
- Sanders, James W. The education of an urban minority: Catholics in Chicago, 1833–1965 (Oxford University Press, 1977)
- Shanabruch, Charles. Chicago's Catholics: The evolution of an American identity (Univ of Notre Dame Press, 1981)
- Skerrett, Ellen. "The Catholic Dimension." in Lawrence J. McCaffrey et al. eds. The Irish in Chicago (University of Illinois Press, 1987)
- Skerrett, Ellen. Chicago's Neighborhoods and the Eclipse of Sacred Space (University of Notre Dame Press, 1994)
- Skerrett, Ellen. et al. eds., Catholicism, Chicago Style (Loyola University Press, 1993)
- Skok, Deborah A. More Than Neighbors: Catholic Settlements and Day Nurseries in Chicago, 1893–1930 (Northern Illinois University Press, 2007)
- Wall, A.E.P. The Spirit of Cardinal Bernardin (Chicago: Thomas More Press, 1983)