Russian cruiser Moskva

Coordinates: 45°17′42″N 30°52′44″E / 45.2951°N 30.8789°E / 45.2951; 30.8789
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other ships with the same name, see Moskva (ship).
45°17′42″N 30°52′44″E / 45.2951°N 30.8789°E / 45.2951; 30.8789

Moskva (121)
Russian cruiser Moskva.jpg
Moskva seen from the air in 2012
History
→ Soviet Union → Russia
NameSlava (in Soviet service), Moskva (from 1995)
NamesakeGlory (1979–1995), Moscow (1995–2022)
Builder
61 Kommunara Shipbuilding Plant (SY 445), Nikolayev, Ukrainian SSR
Laid down1976
Launched27 July 1979[1]
Commissioned30 January 1983
DecommissionedSeptember 1990
ReinstatedApril 2000
Identification121
FateSunk by two Ukrainian R-360 Neptune anti-ship missiles on 14 April 2022[2][a]
NotesFlagship of the Black Sea Fleet
General characteristics
Class and typeSlava-class cruiser
Displacement
  • 9,380 tons standard
  • 11,490 tons full load[3]
Length186.4 m (611 ft 7 in)[3]
Beam20.8 m (68 ft 3 in)[3]
Draught8.4 m (27 ft 7 in)[3]
Propulsion4
COGOG gas turbines
, 2 shafts 121,000 shp (90,000 kW)
Speed32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph)[3]
Range10,000 nmi (19,000 km; 12,000 mi) at 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph)
Complement419 enlisted men and 66 officers[4]
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Voskhod MR-800 (Top Pair) 3D search radar
  • Fregat MR-710 (Top Steer) 3D search radar
  • Palm Frond navigation radar
  • Pop Group SA-N-4 fire control radar
  • Top Dome SA-N-6 fire control radar
  • Bass Tilt AK-360 CIWS System fire control radar
  • Bull Horn MF hull mounted sonar
Electronic warfare
& decoys
  • Rum Tub and Side Globe EW antennas
  • 2 × PK-2 DL (140mm chaff / flare)
Armament
ArmourSplinter plating
Aircraft carried1
Ka-27
helicopter

Moskva (Russian: Москва, lit. 'Moscow',

guided missile cruiser of the Russian Navy. Commissioned in 1983, she was the lead ship of the Project 1164 Atlant class, named after the city of Moscow. With a crew of 510, Moskva was the flagship of the Black Sea Fleet
and the most powerful warship in the region.

The cruiser was deployed during conflicts in

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, from February 2022 until her sinking on 14 April 2022
.

History

Slava c. 1983

As Slava

Slava was

launched in 1979, and commissioned into the Soviet Navy on 30 January 1983. Between 18 and 22 November 1986, the ship visited the Greek port of Piraeus
.

Slava played a role in the

Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and US President George H. W. Bush.[5] She was used by the Soviet delegation, while the US delegation had their sleeping quarters aboard USS Belknap.[6][7][8] The ships were anchored in a roadstead off the coast of Marsaxlokk. Stormy weather and choppy seas resulted in some meetings being cancelled or rescheduled, and gave rise to the moniker the "Seasick Summit" among international media. In the end, the meetings took place aboard Maxim Gorkiy, a Soviet cruise ship anchored in Marsaxlokk Bay.[9]

Slava returned to Mykolaiv in December 1990 for a refit that lasted until late 1998.[10] On 15 May 1995, the ship was formally renamed Moskva.[11]

As Moskva

Moskva in 2009
Moskva in 2012
President Vladimir Putin with Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu
aboard the missile cruiser Moskva, August 2014
"Russian warship, go fuck yourself" stamp issued by the Ukrainian government starting in 2022, depicting the Moskva in the background

Recommissioned into the Russian Navy in April 2000, Moskva replaced the Kynda-class cruiser Admiral Golovko as the flagship of the Russian Black Sea Fleet.[12]

In early April 2003, Moskva, along with the frigate Pytlivyy, Smetlivy, and a landing ship departed Sevastopol for exercises in the Indian Ocean with a Pacific Fleet task group (Marshal Shaposhnikov and Admiral Panteleyev) and the Indian Navy.[13] The force was supported by the Project 1559V tanker Ivan Bubnov and the Project 712 ocean-going tug Shakhter.

Moskva visited Malta's Grand Harbour in October 2004, and the Ensemble of the Black Sea Fleet performed at a concert at the Mediterranean Conference Centre in Valletta for the occasion.[14] In 2008 and 2009, she visited the Mediterranean and participated in naval drills with the ships of the Northern Fleet.[15]

In August 2008, in support of the

Georgian Navy scored one missile hit on Moskva before being overwhelmed.[17] After Russia's recognition of Abkhazia's independence, the ship was stationed at the Abkhazian capital, Sukhumi.[18]

On 3 December 2009, Moskva was laid up for a month at

floating dry dock PD-30 in Sevastopol for a scheduled interim overhaul which comprised replacement of cooling and other machinery, reclamation work at the bottom and outboard fittings, propulsion shafts and screws, clearing and painting of bottom and above-water parts of the ship's hull.[12][failed verification
]

In April 2010 it was reported that Moskva would join other navy units in the Indian Ocean to conduct exercises.[19] In August 2013 the cruiser visited Havana, Cuba.[20]

In late August 2013, Moskva was deployed to the Mediterranean Sea in response to the build-up of US warships along the coast of Syria.

Donuzlav Lake.[22]

On 17 September 2014, Moskva was deployed to the Mediterranean Sea, taking shift from guard ship Pytlivy.[15]

In July 2015, Moskva visited

S-300F surface-to-air missile system,[25] would be deployed near the coastal Syria-Turkey border.[26] In 2016, she was replaced by sister ship Varyag in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.[27] On 22 July 2016 Moskva was awarded the Order of Nakhimov.[28]

Upon return from her deployment in January 2016, Moskva was to undergo a refit and upgrade but due to lack of funds her future remained uncertain as of July 2018.[29][30]

In June 2019, Moskva left the port of Sevastopol in the Black Sea to test her combat systems and main propulsion.[31]

In February 2020,

Russian Orthodox officials said that a very rare and important Christian relic purported to be a part of the True Cross on which Jesus was crucified was to be placed aboard the ship.[32][33]

On 3 July 2020, Moskva completed two and a half months of repairs and maintenance intended to allow her to remain in service until 2040.

Vulkan anti-ship missiles in April 2021.[39]

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Main article:
Snake Island during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Moskva, the

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine from February until April 2022.[40][41] She was the most powerful surface vessel in the Black Sea region at the time,[42] and Ukraine's only threat against it were a limited number of Neptune missiles.[43]

In February 2022, the cruiser left

Vasily Bykov.[45] Moskva hailed the island's garrison over the radio and demanded its surrender, and was told "Russian warship, go fuck yourself". After this, all contact was lost with Snake Island, and the thirteen-member Ukrainian garrison was captured.[46] Slava-class cruisers are built for both air and sea superiority, and have no land-attack missiles. Moskva mainly stayed behind other Russian warships, providing air cover for military demonstrations of amphibious landings with Odesa as the apparent target.[47]

Sinking

Main article: Sinking of the Moskva
External image
image icon Moskva on fire and listing to port

In the late hours of 13 April 2022 Ukrainian presidential adviser

Odesa governor Maksym Marchenko said their forces hit Moskva with two R-360 Neptune anti-ship missiles.[48] A radar image showed the ship was about 80 nautical miles (150 km) south of Odesa around 7 p.m. local time (GMT+3), shortly after the damage occurred.[49] Two reports indicated the ship sank before 3 a.m., 14 April.[50]

The Russian Ministry of Defence said a fire caused a munitions explosion, and the ship sank in stormy seas while being towed to port.[51][52] Moskva is the largest warship to be sunk in combat since the ARA General Belgrano in the 1982 Falklands War, and the largest Russian warship to be sunk since World War II.[53][54]

According to the Lithuanian defense minister, there were 485 crew members aboard, including 66 officers. He also said that a Turkish ship responded to a distress call and saved 54 crew members at 2 a.m. local time.[4] Russia stated one sailor from the Moskva was killed and 27 were missing, while 396 crew members were rescued.[55] In November 2022, after families demanded information, a Russian court in Crimea acknowledged the deaths of a further 17 sailors, mostly conscripts. A Russian recruitment office mistakenly sent conscription papers to a missing Moskva sailor in October 2022.[56][57]

Ukraine has officially declared the wreck of the ship to be an underwater cultural heritage site.[58][59]

Notes

  1. ^ Not acknowledged by Russia.

References

  1. ^ "Slava (6127466)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  2. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived
    from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  3. ^
    ISBN 978-0710628886
    .
  4. ^ a b "Turkish ship rescues over 50 Russian sailors from naval cruiser Moskva". TRT World. 15 April 2022. Archived from the original on 15 April 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  5. ^ "Factbox: The 'Moskva', Russia's lost Black Sea Fleet flagship". Reuters. 14 April 2022. Archived from the original on 14 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  6. ^ Dowd, Maureen (3 December 1989). "The Malta Summit: Reporter's Notebook; Superpowers Cooperating, But Not Seas". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  7. ^ "The Malta Summit : Today's Schedule". Los Angeles Times. 2 December 1989. Archived from the original on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  8. ^ Shanker, Thom (2 November 1989). "Ships Off Malta Site For Seaborne Summit". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 4 October 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  9. The Times (Malta). Archived from the original
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  10. ^ "Slava Class Guided Missile Cruiser". naval-technology.com. 13 June 2010. Archived from the original on 13 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  11. ^ "Guided Missile Cruiser Moskva - Project 1164 / Slava Class". www.kchf.ru.
  12. ^ a b "Project 1164 Atlant Krasina/Slava class Guided Missile Cruiser". GlobalSecurity.org. 3 June 2014. Archived from the original on 25 April 2007. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  13. ^ Scott, Richard (16 April 2003). "Russia deploys naval squadron to Indian Ocean". Jane's Defence Weekly.
  14. The Times (Malta). Archived
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  15. ^ a b "Крейсер "Москва" вернулся в Севастополь после дальнего похода" [The cruiser "Moskva" returned to Sevastopol after a long trip]. Interfax.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 20 January 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
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  30. ^ "Ремонт вместо модернизации: крейсер "Москва" поставят на ход в Крыму :: Флот – 21 век" [Repair instead of modernization: the cruiser "Moskva" will be launched in the Crimea :: Fleet - 21st century]. blackseafleet-21.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  31. ^ "Ракетный крейсер "Москва" вышел море впервые за три года" [Missile cruiser "Moskva" goes to sea for the first time in three years]. bmpd.livejournal.com (in Russian). 6 June 2019. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
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  37. ^ "Экипаж гвардейского ракетного крейсера "Москва" Черноморского флота сдал первую курсовую задачу" [The crew of the guards missile cruiser "Moskva" of the Black Sea Fleet has passed the first course task]. Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (in Russian). 3 February 2021. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021.
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  41. ^ Cruiser Moskva retains buoyancy, explosions of ammunition stopped – Defense Ministry Archived 14 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine 14 April 2022, TASS. Retrieved 14 April 2022
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  59. ^ "Ukraine Names Sunken Russian Warship Moskva A National Heritage Site". Forbes. 22 April 2022.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Moskva (ship, 1979).
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