Sirkazhi
Sirkazhi | |
---|---|
Town | |
UTC+5:30 (IST) | |
PIN | 609110 |
Telephone code | (91) 4364 |
Vehicle registration | TN-82-Z |
Nearest town | Mayiladuthurai, Chidambaram |
Sirkazhi (
The town is believed to be of significant antiquity and has been ruled by the
Etymology and origin
In ancient times, this town had twelve different names, including Brahmapuram, Venupuram, Thonipuram, Kazhumalam, Pugali, Sirkazhiswaram Shri Kali and Kazheesirama Vinnagaram.[1][2][3] According to Hindu legend, during one of the biggest deluges that submerged the planet earth, Hindu god Shiva is said to have carried the 64 arts on a raft (called Thoni in Tamil). The presiding deity in the temple, Shiva, is thus called "Thoniappar" (the one who carried the raft) and the region is called "Thonipuram".[4][5][6][3] The Hindu god Brahma is believed to have worshiped Shiva here, giving the name "Bhrahmapureeswarar" (the one worshipped by Brahma) and so the region is also referred as "Brahmapureeswaram".[7][3]
Shiva is believed to have quelled the arrogance of Hindu god Brahma, after showing his dominance over the three worlds and hence got the name "Sattainathar" here. The town is thus called "Sattainathapuram", which in modern times, is a suburb within Sirkazhi. The town was known as "Kalumalam" during the early Chola period.
History
The earliest mention of Sirkazhi is found in the history of the Chola king
The region fell under the control of
Geography
Sirkazhi is located at 11°14′N 79°44′E / 11.23°N 79.73°E, on the eastern flank of the Kumbakonam-Shiyali ridge, which runs along the Kollidam River.[15] Sirkazhi has an average elevation of 5.18 m (17.0 ft) above sea level and is located at 13 km (8.1 mi) west of Bay of Bengal.[16] It is located 95 km (59 mi) north-east of Thanjavur, 24 km (15 mi) north of Mayiladuthurai and 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Chidambaram.[16]
The town experiences long summers and short winters,
The
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1961 | 19,531 | — |
1971 | 22,711 | +16.3% |
1981 | 25,508 | +12.3% |
1991 | 28,959 | +13.5% |
2001 | 32,228 | +11.3% |
2011 | 34,927 | +8.4% |
Sources: |
According to 2011 census, Sirkali had a population of 34,927 with a sex-ratio of 1,028 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[25] A total of 3,367 were under the age of six, constituting 1,740 males and 1,627 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 23.21% and 0.13% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 81.5%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[25] The town had a total of : 8756 households. There were a total of 11,476 workers, comprising 352 cultivators, 1,398 main agricultural labourers, 150 in house hold industries, 7,681 other workers, 1,895 marginal workers, 88 marginal cultivators, 809 marginal agricultural labourers, 77 marginal workers in household industries and 921 other marginal workers.[24]
As per the religious census of 2011, Sirkazhi had 86.91%
In 1981, there were 15 notified slums accommodating 4,499 persons, constituting 17.64% of the population. In 2001, there were still 15 slums accommodating 7,533 persons, constituting 23.37% of the population.[22] The slum area has remained static at 39.45 acres (0.1596 km2).[22] The town has a residential area of 2.79 km2 (1.08 sq mi) (20.96%), commercial area of 0.4 km2 (0.15 sq mi) (3.04%), industrial area of 0.58 km2 (0.22 sq mi) (4.39%), public & semi public area of 1.29 km2 (0.50 sq mi) (9.66%) and undeveloped area of 8.23 km2 (3.18 sq mi) (38.05%).[27]
Economy and transport
The service sector provides most employment in the town. Limited agriculture is carried out; the main crop is
The National highway NH-32 connects Chennai and Thoothukudi through
Nearest major junction of
Education and utility services
The first English school in the town was the Leipzig Evangelical Lutheran Mission School, which was opened by the
Electricity supply to the town is regulated and distributed by the Sirkazhi Circle of
Sirkazhi comes under the Sirkazhi Telecom Circle of the
Municipal administration and politics
Municipality Officials | |
---|---|
Chairman | J. Eraiezhil[45] |
Commissioner | S. Maharajan[46] |
Vice-chairman | K. Tamilselvam[47] |
Elected Members | |
Member of Legislative Assembly | M. Panneerselvam |
Member of Parliament | S . Ramalingam .[48] |
During the British Raj, Shiyali (present-day Sirkazhi) was the headquarters of a separate administrative division, or taluka.[28] In 1972 the town was declared a third grade municipality,[14] and was upgraded to a second grade municipality in 1980.[49] The municipality has 24 wards, each of which has an elected councillor.[50] The functions of the municipality are devolved into six departments: general administration/personnel, engineering, revenue, public health, town planning and IT,[51] which are controlled by a Municipal Commissioner, who is the supreme executive head.[51] Legislative powers are vested in a body of 24 members, one for each of the 24 wards. The legislative body is headed by an elected chairperson, who is assisted by a deputy.[52] On the revenue administration side, Sirkazhi is a taluka headquarters having three revenue villages: Kavilancheri, Sirkazhi and Thadalan.[16][53][54][55]
For the purposes of state government, Sirkazhi is part of the
In the national parliament, Sirkazhi is a part of the
Law and order in Sirkazhi is maintained by the Mayiladuthurai sub-division of the Tamil Nadu Police, headed by a Deputy Superintendent of Police.[58] There is a police station in the town.[59] There are special units like prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and special branch that operate at the district level police division, headed by a Superintendent of Police.[58]
Culture
The
Tamil Isai Moovar (meaning Tamil trinity of Carnatic music) namely,
See also
Notes
- ^ The municipalities in Tamil Nadu are graded special, selection, grade I and grade II based on income and population. While "grade II" is the official classification, all the municipal websites use "second grade".
- ^ The census details of small towns for 2011 are yet to be published in census website. The municipal website provides the totals alone.
Citations
- ISBN 9788176252263.
- ^ a b City Corporate cum Business Plan for Sirkazhi Municipality 2009.
- ^ a b c d Pillai 1904, p. 91.
- ^ a b Ayyar 1991, p. 244.
- ^ a b Ayyar 1991, p. 42.
- ^ a b V.K. 2007, p. 45.
- ^ a b Director of Census operations 1991, p. 55.
- ^ Aiyangar 1911, p. 92.
- ^ Aiyangar 1911, p. 96.
- ^ Aiyangar 1911, p. 413.
- ^ V. 1942, pp. 62–65.
- ^ Mitchell 1995, p. 91.
- ^ W. 2002, pp. 140–151.
- ^ a b About the town 2011.
- ^ Micropalaeontology 1972, pp. 31.
- ^ a b c d e f g City Corporate cum Business Plan for Sirkazhi Municipality 2009, pp. 20–21.
- ^ a b c W. 2002, p. 151.
- ^ a b W. 2002, p. 133.
- ^ Karan & Subbiah 2011, p. 70.
- ^ Karan & Subbiah 2011, p. 77.
- ^ a b Sm. 2006, p. 133.
- ^ a b c City Corporate cum Business Plan for Sirkazhi Municipality 2009, pp. 25–27.
- ^ Sirkazhi population 2011.
- ^ a b Sirkazhi 2011 census.
- ^ a b National Sex Ratio 2011.
- ^ Religious census 2015.
- ^ a b c d e City Corporate cum Business Plan for Sirkazhi Municipality 2009, pp. 28–29.
- ^ a b c Hunter 1908, p. 163.
- ^ a b Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway 1926, pp. 50–51.
- ^ a b Sirkazhi town Banks 2011.
- ^ Sirkazhi roads 2011.
- ^ Gough 1981, p. 6.
- ^ a b Sirkazhi bus 2011.
- ^ a b c The Hindu & 25 July 2010.
- ^ a b c Train information 2012.
- ^ Sirkazhi transport 2011.
- ^ Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway 1926, pp. 226–227.
- ^ a b Sirkazhi schools 2011.
- ^ TNEB region details 2011.
- ^ Sirkazhi water supply 2011.
- ^ Waste management programme 2011.
- ^ a b Sirkazhi sewarage 2011.
- ^ BSNL 2011.
- ^ Sirkazhi hospitals 2011.
- ^ Sirkazhi Municipality chairman 2011.
- ^ Sirkazhi Municipality Commissioner 2011.
- ^ Sirkazhi Municipality vice-chairman 2011.
- ^ MP of Mayiladuthurai 2019.
- ^ Sirkazhi Municipality features 2011.
- ^ Citizen's charter of Sirkazhi Municipality 2011.
- ^ a b Commissionerate of Municipal Administration 2006.
- ^ Economic and political weekly 1995.
- ^ About the municipality 2011.
- ^ Nagapattinam district profile 2011.
- ^ Nagapattinam district local administration 2011.
- ^ a b List of Assembly constituencies 2010.
- ^ MLA of Sirkazhi 2016.
- ^ a b Sirkazhi district police 2011.
- ^ Sirkazhi police 2011.
- ^ a b c Kodayanallur Vanamamalai 2001, p. 47.
- ^ a b Anantharaman 2006, p. 46.
- ^ Ayyar 1991, p. 535.
- ^ Sirkazhi – Places of interest 2011.
- ^ a b Kodayanallur Vanamamalai 2001, p. 5.
- ^ a b Historical moments 2011.
- ^ Ramaswamy 2007, p. 21.
References
- "Trains to stop at Sirkazhi station". The Hindu. 25 July 2010. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Sirkali". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- "Population By Religious Community – Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
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- "Train information". Indian Rail info. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
- "Nagapattinam district police" (PDF). Tamil Nadu Police. 2011. pp. 1–16. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Sirkazhi sewarage". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 28 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Sirkazhi police". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 28 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
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- "Sirkazhi – Places of interest". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 28 May 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
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- "Sirkazhi town Banks". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
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{{cite journal}}
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(help) - "Economic and political weekly, Volume 30". Sameeksha Trust. 1995: 2396.
{{cite journal}}
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(help) - "Commissionerate of Municipal Administration". Commissionerate of Municipal Administration. 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "About the municipality". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "About the town". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Salient Features of Sirkazhi Municipality". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Citizen's charter of Sirkazhi Municipality". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Sirkazhi schools". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 28 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Sirkazhi water supply". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Waste management programme". Sirkazhi Municipality, Government of Tamil Nadu. 2011. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "State of Rural wireline broadband". Tamil Nadu: BSNL, Tamil Nadu Circle. 2011. Archived from the original on 18 July 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- "Region Details". Tamil Nadu Electricity Board. 2011. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
- Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited (2009). City Corporate cum Business Plan for Sirkazhi Municipality (PDF) (Report). Tamil Nadu Urban Infrastructure Financial Services Limited. Retrieved 8 June 2012.[permanent dead link]
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