Tiruvaymoli
Tiruvaymoli | |
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Information | |
Religion | Hinduism |
Author | Nammalvar |
Language | Tamil |
Period | 9th–10th century CE |
Verses | 1102 |
The Tiruvaymoli (Tamil: திருவாய்மொழி, romanized: T̲iruvāymol̲i ⓘ)[1][2] is a work of Tamil Hindu literature. Comprising 1102 verses, it was composed in the ninth century CE by the Hindu poet-saint Nammalvar, who is regarded as the foremost of the Alvar saints of South India. It is the most prominent work of the Nalayira Divya Prabandham, a compilation of the Alvars towards the devotion of Vishnu.[3] It is frequently referred to as the Tamilveda or the Dravidaveda.[2]
Structure
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The poem is divided into 10 sections (pattu) of about 100 verses each. Each hundred is divided into 10 decads (tiruvaymoli) 28 of 10 verses (pasuram) each. A special feature of the poem is that it is in the style of an
Significance
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According to Vasudha Narayanan, the Tamilveda is not an imitation of the Sanskrit Veda or even a translation; it is considered to have been revealed through the twelve Alvars and primarily through Nammalvar, a poet-saint who lived between the eighth and ninth centuries CE. This work is considered to be historic since no vernacular language had hitherto been held to be the medium of revelation within Hinduism; no other work had been called a Veda. For the first time in Hindu literature, hymns in a language other than Sanskrit were considered to be revealed. According to Sri Vaishnava tradition, the message of both these Vedas were considered to be the same, and later theologians went to elaborate lengths to show how their ideas parallel each other.[2]
Selections from the Tiruvaymoli are recited daily at Sri Vaishnava homes, often recited at its entirety at funeral services, ancestral rites, birthdays of saints, rituals regarding pregnancy, and at the investiture ceremonies of young boys, known as the upanayana.[5] Each set of the ten verses of the poem are presented containing a coherent theme in its commentaries, the main philosophical idea condensed into a single verse.[6]
Hymns
Topics in Tamil literature | ||
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Sangam Literature | ||
Five Great Epics | ||
Silappatikaram |
Manimekalai | |
Civaka Cintamani |
Valayapathi | |
Kundalakesi | ||
The Five Minor Epics | ||
Neelakesi | Culamani | |
Naga Kumara Kaviyam | Udayana Kumara Kaviyam | |
Yashodhara Kaviyam | ||
Bhakti Literature | ||
Naalayira Divya Prabandham | Kamba Ramayanam
| |
Tevaram | Tirumurai | |
Tamil people
| ||
Sangam | Sangam landscape | |
Tamil history from Sangam literature |
Ancient Tamil music | |
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A hymn from the Tiruvaymoli imagines the author pining for Krishna, referred to as Kannan:[7]
Dark as the blue seas, Kannan,
the black diamond of the heavenly hosts,
He is my dear life,
the Light that sleeps on the many-hooded serpent—
to destroy the army of the Hundred who came to kill,
once upon a time he sided with the Five,
and in that terrible war that day
he drove a chariot—
when will these eyes glimpse
the sounding anklets on his feet, Oh when?— Tiruvaymoli, Hymn 3.6.10
See also
- Tiruvaciriyam
- Perumal Tirumoli
- Periyalvar Tirumoli
References
- ISBN 978-93-5305-779-4.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-226-09305-5.
- ISBN 978-0-87249-965-2.
- ISBN 978-0-226-09305-5.
- ISBN 978-0-7914-0796-7.
- ISBN 978-0-7914-0796-7.
- ISBN 978-0-19-972431-4.