Vize
Vize | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 41°34′25″N 27°45′55″E / 41.57361°N 27.76528°E | |
Country | Turkey |
Province | Kırklareli |
District | Vize |
Government | |
• Mayor | Ercan Özalp (CHP) |
Elevation | 168 m (551 ft) |
Population (2022)[1] | 15,116 |
Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
Postal code | 39400 |
Area code | 0288 |
Website | www |
Vize (Turkish:
History
Antiquity
Under the ancient name of Bizya or Bizye (
From inscriptions it seems that during the late 1st century BCE Bizye was under local rule of the Sapians rather than under direct Roman control.[6]: 73
The martyrs Memnon and Severos were killed in Bizye as part of the Diocletianic Persecution beginning in 303.[6]: 289 In 353 CE, the exiled Eustathius of Antioch chose to settle in Bizye, where he later died.[6]: 289 The city is documented as the seat of an archbishop, as a suffragan of Heraclea, as early as the 5th century.[6]: 289
Middle Ages
Beginning in the 6th century, water was piped from Bizye to Constantinople, and some of the pipes are still visible.[6]: 289 In 773 or 774, the emperor Constantine V had a bridge built here.[6]: 289
Bizye is described as a city (
The city appears to be identical with the "Uzusa" (
The Bulgarian emperor Simeon I captured Bizye in c. 925 after a five-year-long siege; the city's walls were destroyed, and most of its population fled to nearby Medea.[6]: 289 Whether Bizye was later targeted during Peter I's campaign in eastern Thrace in 927 is uncertain.[6]: 289
In the 12th century, the Arab geographer
After the
Sometime after 1225, an
Either at the end of 1255 or the beginning of 1256, the emperor
From 1286 to 1355, Bizye was the centre of one of three known military districts called megala allagia (the other two were Thessaloniki and Serres.[6]: 290 This district covered the entire area stretching roughly from Mesembria in the north to Arcadiopolis in the west and the suburbs of Constantinople in the east.[6]: 290
In 1304, a large Byzantine army was assembled at Bizye, commanded by emperor
In 1307, over the protests of the megas tzausios Humbertopoulos, the local population attempted to fight a Catalan force with Turkish auxiliaries under the command of Ferran Ximenes de Arenos.[6]: 291 They were defeated, and the Catalans looted the city.[6]: 291 The city was again looted in 1313, this time by a Turkish force led by Ḫalil; the Turks were later defeated in battle at Xerogypsos.[6]: 291
In the winter of 1322,
In 1344, Bizye was captured by John VI Kantakouzenos, who installed his general Manuel Komnenos Raul Asen as governor of the city.[6]: 291 A few years later, in the late 1340s, a force of 1,200 Turkish horsemen penetrated Byzantine territory as far as Bizye.[6]: 291 After Matthew Kantakouzenos was forced to abdicate the imperial throne, Bizye remained under his effective control, and he stayed here several times in 1356.[6]: 291
As part of a synodal act in August 1355, which ratified an alliance between the emperor
The inhabitants of Bizye were possibly resettled in 1357 or 58, perhaps because of Turkish brigands taking advantage of the fact that the city's garrison had been depleted by the fighting between John V Palaiologos and Matthew Kantakouzenos.[6]: 291–2
In the autumn of 1358, Manuel Asanes, Matthew's uncle-turned-enemy, asked John V to make him governor of Bizye.[6]: 292
In 1368, Bizye came under the control of the Gazi Turks along with other areas in the southern
Ottoman period
Bizye finally came under definitive Turkish control at the beginning of 1453, possibly under Karaca Paşa.[6]: 292 [7]: 64
The Turkish traveler Evliya Çelebi visited Vize in 1661, during his sixth journey.[6]: 292 He described it as the seat of a sanjak-bey, inhabited by a mixture of Turks, Bulgarians, and Greeks, and famous for its leeks.[6]: 292
According to the
Places of interest
The acropolis area on the hill above the town has a commanding position overlooking the surrounding area and still retains some ancient remains;[9] the remains of the ancient theatre were discovered on the slope of the acropolis in the 1990s. Many burial mounds constructed for the rulers of Thracian Kingdom are scattered cross the plains around the town.
Little Hagia Sophia Church (Gazi Süleyman Pasha Mosque) (Turkish: Küçük Ayasofya Kilisesi (Gazi Süleyman Paşa Camii)) is a former Byzantine era Orthodox church built during the reign of Emperor Justinian I (reigned 527–565). It converted into a mosque in the Ottoman era. Designed on a basilican plan, the church was constructed over the foundations of A Temple of Apollo with masonry stone and brick. The cruciform-shaped church consisted of a nave with two rows of columns with three columns each, two aisles and an apse. Its original wooden roof was replaced in the 12th and 13th centuries by a high dome. The building is vaulted around the dome in a style that is not normally seen in Byzantine architecture.[10][11]
Vize Fortress (
The Theatre (
The town also has some Ottoman structures, in addition to an ancient synagogue.
Image gallery
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Hasan Bey Mosque
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A watchtower on the city walls
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A lake near Vize
References
- ^ TÜİK. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
- ^ İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
- ^ "Vize | Cittaslow International". www.cittaslow.org. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
- ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 4.18.
- ^ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. s.v. Βιζύη.
- ^ ISBN 978-3-7001-3945-4. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ .
- The University of Wisconsin Press, p. 170-171
- ^ Byzantine Church - Ottoman Mosque - Endangered Architectural Monument: An Architectural and Archaeological Survey of the Hagia Sophia at Vize
- ^ "Küçük Ayasofya Kilisesi (Süleyman Paşa Camii)" (in Turkish). vize.com. 2006-04-05. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
- ^ "Hagia Sophia in Bizye". The Byzantine Legacy. Retrieved 2022-10-30.
- ^ "Vize Kalesi" (in Turkish). vize.com. 2006-04-05. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
- ^ "Antik Tiyatro (Odeon)" (in Turkish). vize.com. 2006-04-05. Retrieved 2011-12-18.