Bahnar language
| Bahnar | |
|---|---|
| Bana | |
| Native to | Vietnam |
| Ethnicity | Bahnar people |
Native speakers | (160,000 in Viet Nam cited 1999 census)[1] |
Austroasiatic
| |
| Latin (adapted Vietnamese) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | bdq |
| Glottolog | bahn1262 |
The Bahnar language or Ba-Na language (Vietnamese pronunciation: vowel qualities and phonemic vowel length.
Subdivisions
Đào (1998)[2] lists the following subgroups of Bahnar and their respective locations.
- Bahnar Kon Tum: Kon Tumarea
- Bahnar Jơlong: northeastern Kon Tum Province
- Bahnar Golar: northern Pleiku (Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Tosung: Mang Yang District(Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Konkođe: An Khê District(Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Alatang: An Khê District(Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Alakông: K'Bang District(Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Tolo: An Khê District(Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Bơnâm: eastern An Khê District(Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Roh: scattered areas in K'Bang District(Gia Lai Province)
- Bahnar Krem: An Lão District(Bình Định Province)
- Bahnar Chăm: Vân Canh District(Bình Định Province)
- Bahnar But: forest areas; little communication with outsiders
Bùi (2011:5-6)[3] lists the following subgroups of Bahnar and their respective locations.
- Tơ Lô: in Sơ Ró, Đắc Song, Chơ Loong, Yang Nam, and Đắc Tơ communes, which are in An Khê District(Gia Lai Province)
- Krem: in K'Bang District, Gia Lai Province
- Vân Canh: mostly in Canh Liên, Canh Thuận, and Canh Hòa communes of Vân Canh District, Bình Định Province
- Thồ Lồ: mostly in the upper part of Sông Hinh District. Descended from Tơ Lô people who were Tây Sơn soldiers fleeing from the Nguyễn dynasty200 years ago. They fled southeast to Thồ Lồ, Phú Yên Province. The
- Gơ Lar: mostly in Chư Sê District of Gia Lai Province, and some living around Kon Tumtown. There is also a subgroup called Bahnar Châng H'drung who live at the foot of Hàm Rồng Mountain.
- Kon Tum: in 4 precincts and 9 communes of Kon Tum town
- Jơ Lơng: in Kon Rẫy District, Kon Tum Province
- Rơ Ngao (Đắk TôDistrict, Kon Tum Province
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive
|
voiceless
|
p | t | tɕ | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d | dʑ | ɡ | ||
preglottal
|
ʔb | ʔd | ʔdʑ | |||
| Nasal | plain | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
preglottal
|
ʔm | ʔn | ʔɲ | ʔŋ | ||
Fricative
|
s | h | ||||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
Approximant
|
plain | w | l | j | ||
preglottal
|
ʔw | ʔl | ʔj | |||
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive
|
p | t | tɕ | k | ʔ |
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Aspirate | jh* | h | |||
| Rhotic | r | ||||
Approximant
|
w | l | j | jˀ |
*-In the final sequence /jh/, /h/ is not pronounced and /j/ is pronounced phonetically as a short vowel /i/.[4]
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i iː | ɨː | u uː |
| Mid | eː | ə əː | oː |
| Open | ɛ ɛː | a aː | ɔ ɔː |
Also used in Vietnam
Other minor groups include the Kon Kđe, Bơ Nơm, and A Roh subgroups in
Gia Lai Province
(Bùi 2011:6).
Ethnologue lists the following dialects of Bahnar.
- Tolo
- Golar
- Alakong (A-La Cong)
- Jolong (Gio-Lang, Y-Lang)
- Bahnar Bonom (Bomam)
- Kontum
- Krem
References
- ^ Bahnar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Đào Huy Quyền. 1998. Nhạc khí dân tộc Jrai và Bahnar [Musical instruments of the Jrai and Bahnar]. Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản trẻ.
- ISBN 978-604-77-0319-7
- ^ Banker, John & Elizabeth; Mo', Siu (1979). Bahnar Dictionary, Plei Bong-Mang Yang Dialect. Huntingdon Beach, Summer Institute of Linguistics. pp. vi–xii.
External links
| Authority control databases: National |
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