Barber's pole

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A software rendering of a spinning barber pole
Barber pole, c. 1938, North Carolina Museum of History
Barber shop in Torquay, Devon, England, with red and white pole

A barber's pole is a type of sign used by barbers to signify the place or shop where they perform their craft. The trade sign is, by a tradition dating back to the Middle Ages, a staff or pole with a helix of colored stripes (often red and white in many countries, but usually red, white and blue in Japan and the United States). The pole may be stationary or may rotate, often with the aid of an electric motor.[1][2]

A "barber's pole" with a helical stripe is a familiar sight, and is used as a secondary metaphor to describe objects in many other contexts. For example, if the shaft or tower of a lighthouse has been painted with a helical stripe as a daymark, the lighthouse could be described as having been painted in "barber's pole" colors.

Origin in barbering and surgery

Antique red and blue striped pole in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, United States

During medieval times, barbers performed

wash basin at the top (representing the vessel in which leeches were kept) and bottom (representing the basin that received the blood). The pole itself represents the staff that the patient gripped during the procedure to encourage blood flow[3] and the twined pole motif is likely related to the staff of the Greek god of speed and commerce Hermes, aka the Caduceus, evidenced for example by early physician van Helmont's description of himself as "Francis Mercurius Van Helmont, A Philosopher by that one in whom are all things, A Wandering Hermite.[4]

At the

barber surgeons
of the short robe.

In Renaissance-era Amsterdam, the surgeons used the colored stripes to indicate that they were prepared to bleed their patients (red), set bones or pull teeth (white), or give a shave if nothing more urgent was needed (blue).[7]

After the formation of the

venous blood, and white depicts the bandage.[8]

Prior to 1950, there were four manufacturers of barber poles in the United States. In 1950,

St. Louis, Missouri
, manufactured barber equipment such as chairs and assorted poles in the 19th century.

As early as 1905, use of the poles was reported to be "diminishing" in the United States.[11]

In Forest Grove, Oregon, the "World's Tallest Barber Shop Pole" measures 72 feet (22 m).[12]

The consistent use of this symbol for advertising was analogous to an

pawn broker's three gold balls.[citation needed
]

Use in barbering

Possibly as early as the later Roman Empire, and certainly continuing through the Renaissance into Industrialization (maybe even until the 1700s in some places) a "barber-surgeon" also performed tooth extraction, cupping, leeching, bloodletting, enemas, amputations, etc. However, today's barber poles represent little more than being a barber shop that cuts hair and does shaves.[13] Barber poles have actually become a topic of controversy in the hairstyling business.

In some American states, such as Michigan in March 2012, legislation has emerged proposing that barber poles should only be permitted outside barbershops, but not traditional beauty salons. Barbers and cosmetologists have engaged in several legal battles claiming the right to use the barber pole symbol to indicate to potential customers that the business offers haircutting services. Barbers claim that they are entitled to exclusive rights to use the barber pole because of the tradition tied to the craft, whereas cosmetologists think that they are equally capable of cutting men's hair (though many cosmetologists are not permitted to use razors, depending on their state's laws).[14]

Use in prostitution

In South Korea, barber's poles are used both for actual barbershops and for brothels.[15] Brothels disguised as barbershops, referred to as 이발소 (ibalso) or 미용실 (miyongsil), are more likely to use two poles next to each other, often spinning in opposite directions, though the use of a single pole for the same reason is also quite common.[16] Actual barbershops, or 미용실 (miyongsil), are more likely to be hair salons; to avoid confusion, they will usually use a pole that shows a picture of a woman with flowing hair on it with the words hair salon written on the pole.

Visual illusion

A spinning barber's pole in front of a barber shop in Tokyo, Japan (video)
See also: Barberpole illusion and Strange loop

A spinning barber pole creates a visual illusion, in which the stripes appear to be traveling up or down the length of the pole,[17] rather than around it.[18]

Other uses of the term

Visual similarity

Referential naming

Animal husbandry

barber's pole worm", is the parasitic nematode responsible for anemia, bottle jaw, and death of infected sheep[24] and goats, mainly during summer months in warm, humid climates.[25][26] Humans may become infected by the worms.[27]

Crustacea

Stenopus hispidus is a shrimp-like popcorn kernel decapod crustacean sometimes called the "barber pole shrimp". See also Stenopodidea.

Entomology

In the insect world, there is the barber pole grasshopper, Dactylotum bicolor.[28] It is also known as the "painted grasshopper" and is said to be the "most beautiful" grasshopper.[29]

Ichthyology

Because of its bright bands and colors, the redbanded rockfish

Sebastes babcocki is referred to as "barber pole". Other pseudonyms include bandit, convict, canary, Hollywood, and Spanish flag.[30]

Candy

The old-fashioned American stick candy is sometimes also referred to as "barber pole candy" due to its colorful, swirled appearance. (See also candy cane.) "Candy stripe" is a generic description of the candy cane color scheme. Among many other names, the candy has been called Polkagris.[31]

Computer science

In user interface design, a barber pole-like pattern is used in progress bars when the wait time is indefinite. It is intended to be used like a throbber to tell the user that processing is continuing, although it is not known when the processing will complete.

Barber pole is also sometimes used to describe a text pattern where a line of text is rolled left or right one character on the line below. The

hard disks and printers. A similar pattern is also used in secure erasure of media. [citation needed
]

Electronics

GPS

The strength and direction of

wireless sensor networks which "have gathered a lot of attention as an important research domain" and were "deployed in many applications, e.g., navigation, military, ambient intelligence, medical, and industrial tasks. Context-based processing and services, in particular location-context, are of key interest ..."[34] (See Music (acoustic illusion)
, infra.)

Aviation and space flight

Primary Flight Display (PFD) with the ASI in the form of "Airspeed Tape" with barber pole, including ASI and Machmeter for a jet aircraft.

The term on the barber pole or keep it on the barber pole is pilot jargon that refers to flying an aircraft at the maximum safe velocity. The

buffeting caused by shock waves produced by flying at transonic speeds. Thus, as the speed of sound decreases, so the maximum safe operating speed of the aircraft is reduced. The "barber pole" needle moves to indicate this speed. Flying "on the barber pole" therefore means to be flying the aircraft as fast as is safe to do so in the current conditions.[36]

Barberpole is a phrase used to describe the striped output of indicators used during the

Apollo and Shuttle programs. Typically an indicator was positioned below a switch. When the switch was activated and the activation indeed performed, the resulted activation was talked back via a separated electrical line to the barberpole indicator to show a grey and white striped pattern, thus verifying the action to the astronaut. Such switches with barberpole indicators were called talkback switches. Various indicators in the Apollo Command Modules indicated barberpole when the corresponding system was inactive. Astronaut Jim Lovell can also be found describing system indications as "barber poled" in the transcript of radio transmissions during the Apollo 13 accident.[37]

The phrase barberpole continues to be found in many subsystem descriptions in the Space Shuttle News Reference Manual,[38] as well as the NASA/KSC Acronym List.[39]

During World War I and World War II, the pattern has also been used as an

Reed Chambers; and "Rising Sun" of Lieutenant John Jeffers.[41]

Flyfishing

Used in

Stonefly" imitation "with grizzly hackle tip wings tied in a downwing fashion".[42] Photo of Madsen's Barber Pole Fly, parachute form.

Gambling

The phrase barber pole is derisive jargon in

gaming cheques of different denominations". Wagers that combine different denominations are "supposed to be stacked with the highest denomination at the bottom".[43][44]

Parachuting

Meteorology

Booksellers

Red or

booksellers
in England prior to 1800. William Roberts reports in The Book Hunter in London that certain 18th-century bookshops in the Little Britain district of London sported such poles:

A few years before Nichols published [in 1816] his Literary Anecdotes, two booksellers used to sport their rubric posts close to each other here in Little Britain, and these rubric posts were once as much the type of a bookseller's shop as the pole is of a barber's ... Sewell, Cornhill, and Kecket and De Hondt, Strand, were among the last to use these curious trade signs.[52]

Border and lane markers

Canadian Naval group

The famous Barber Pole Group was originally a group of 120 Flower-class corvettes built in Canada during World War II, and charged primarily with protecting freighter convoys. The original group was Escort Group C-3. This group of ships, with its red and white barber pole stripes painted on the funnel, is still represented in the current Royal Canadian Navy: all Atlantic fleet ships wear this insignia. HMCS Sackville is the last remaining Flower-class corvette.[53][54][55]

Daymarks as a navigational aid

White Shoal Light

Hockey

Brown-haired man in jersey of vertical red, black and white stripes
Ottawa Senators Bruce Stuart in 1909–10 jersey

Music

The "Barberpole Cat" group, a/k/a "

barber shop quartet should know.[65] The Barberpole Cat Program[66]
was created many years ago and features popular Barbershop songs arranged and voiced so all singers can learn and participate. For decades these have been the standard arrangements where singers can meet at conventions and sing together having never met before.

The songs in this collection are:

The Polecats have had a version 2.0 with additional songs added.

Music (acoustic illusion)

See also: Shepard tone, tritone paradox, and pitch circularity

See also

Buchla 200e
.

Trademark

registered trademark of Barbasol.[75][B]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ Used to keep the end of a rope from fraying and said to resemble a barber's pole. Though highly decorative, and historically one of the most common knots, on a modern yacht it is almost unused and unknown.[21]
  2. 7th Circuit Court of Appeals
    , 160 F.2d 336. 1947. Retrieved 15 December 2010. As the court noted: 'Plaintiff's shaving cream product is identified by the word trade mark "Barbasol" and by the distinctive package design trade mark hereinafter referred to. Said product is displayed and offered for sale in two types of cartons. One of said cartons is of rectangular shape, the length of which is about 3½ times its width and the depth is a little less than the width. In addition to the word "Barbasol" being provided thereon, the carton has a striped border of blue, white and red diagonal stripes surrounding a rectangular panel or field in blue color. The shaving cream disposed in this type of carton is packed in an elongated soft metal tube, which is received and housed within said carton. The other type of carton is approximately square and it also has the word trade mark "Barbasol" provided thereon, and the entire carton is provided with diagonal colored stripes of red, white and blue, said stripes forming a border for a blue field, on which appears the word "Barbasol" and other printed matter. The shaving cream is disposed in a glass jar of octangular cross section and upon which the word "Barbasol" appears. The jar is white and is disposed within the square carton.'

Citations

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Further reading

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barber poles.
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