Cyclone Yaas

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Yaas
Yaas before landfall in Odisha on May 26 near peak intensity.
Meteorological history
FormedMay 23, 2021
DissipatedMay 28, 2021
Very severe cyclonic storm
3-minute sustained (IMD)
Highest winds140 km/h (85 mph)
Lowest pressure970 hPa (mbar); 28.64 inHg
Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds120 km/h (75 mph)
Lowest pressure974 hPa (mbar); 28.76 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities20 total
Damage$2.99 billion
Areas affected

Part of the 2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Yaas (Arabic pronunciation:

Indian Meteorological Department first monitored on May 23. Conditions in the basin favored development as the system became a deep depression later that day, before intensifying into a cyclonic storm on the next day, receiving the name Yaas. The system further intensified as it turned to the northeast, becoming a severe cyclonic storm on May 24 despite moderate wind shear. Marginally favorable conditions further continued as Yaas accelerated northeastward, strengthening to a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone and to a very severe cyclonic storm on May 25. Yaas crossed the northern Odisha coast around 20 km south of Balasore
at its peak intensity as a very severe cyclonic storm on May 26. Upon landfall, the JTWC and IMD issued their final advisories as Yaas further weakened inland while turning north-northwestwards.

In preparations for the storm, many electrical companies in

North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas are now placed on high alert.[3] Railway operations and marine activities were halted due to Yaas, while rescue authorities and medical teams were deployed in for possible emergencies. In Bangladesh, over two million individuals were ordered to be evacuated in coastal areas of the country due to the storm's approach. Food supplies and emergency funds were also released for the evacuees. 20 people across India and Bangladesh died due to Yaas.[4] West Bengal was the hardest hit Indian state, with an estimated loss of 210 billion (US$2.89 billion).[5] Odisha also suffered a loss of ₹6.1 billion (US$83.9 million).[6]

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On May 22, a low-pressure area formed in the Bay of Bengal. On the next day, at 09:30 

landfall north of Dhamra Port and south of Bahanaga at the same intensity.[17] Upon moving inland, the JTWC issued their final warning on the storm as it weakened to a tropical storm since it was over land and also faced increased vertical shear.[18] Soon afterward, the IMD also discontinued advisories as the system became disorganized and as it weakened to a deep depression.[19] Yaas eventually dissipated in northern India
on May 28.

Preparations

India

Prime Minister Narendra Modi chairing a meeting to review the impact of the cyclone, through video conferencing, in New Delhi on May 27, 2021.

The

West Midnapore and Jhargram, with over a million people being evacuated.[3][34] Meanwhile, as Yaas weakens over Jharkhand, evacuations were ordered due to the threat of strong winds and heavy rainfall from the system.[35] Over 600,000 individuals were instructed to move to disaster shelters provided by the authorities due to the storm's approach.[35]

Bangladesh

Assessing the threat of Yaas in the country, Bangladesh Prime Minister

Rohingya at the remote island of Bhasan Char were also considered at risk.[38][34]

Sri Lanka

The meteorology department of Sri Lanka issued a red alert on May 24 for the possibility of heavy rains and strong winds from Yaas for the country's Western, Central, Sabaragamuwa and Southern provinces.[39]

Impact

India

Farmlands throughout Odisha, West Bengal, and some in Jharkhand were damaged by flooding, while small boats within the Bay of Bengal were damaged.[40] Electrical lines in these states were knocked down causing thousands of power outages.[41]

West Bengal

More than 4,500 villages were damaged. Various rural homes and agricultural lands were hard-hit, and basic needs such as drinking water, sanitation, and the like were also hard to come by. At least 143 marine vehicles were broken into.[42]

Starting on May 25, heavy rains and strong winds started to brush the coastal and inland areas of

Chinsurah. Two people died with five injured and 80 houses being damaged.[44][45] Knee-deep floods caused by torrential rainfall submerged the beach areas of Digha, while palm trees were snapped by the cyclone's strong winds.[46][47] Chandabali reported rains of up to 39.31 cm (15.48 in) between May 24–26, also causing flooding.[46][48][49] 300,000 houses were damaged in West Bengal, while around 10 million people were affected in the state alone.[50]

Two farmers from Pandua were struck by lightning while on their fields, killing them both, while a senior citizen of Asansol died as her house collapsed on top of her.[51] Two more individuals were killed as they were hit by uprooted trees in West Bengal.[52] Over 1,100 villages in West Bengal were submerged in floodwaters caused by storm surges, displacing about 500,000 people.[53] Cars also suffered damage due to the floods, and various structures were also damaged.[53] In the city of Ashoknagar Kalyangarh in North 24 Parganas district, a small tornado touched down in the area on May 27, destroying many houses and private properties.[54] No one was injured or killed in the event.[54] A preliminary report submitted to the Central government gave an estimated loss of 210 billion (US$2.89 billion).[5]

Odisha

Due to the heavy rains in Odisha, many residents had been evacuated, so only a few people felt the impact of Yaas.

Keonjhar, when a man died after a tree fell on top of him.[57] 10 people had to be rescued from a boat which capsized off of the Odisha coast.[58] Continued heavy rains from Yaas caused the Baitarani River to nearly overflow, but it didn't as the conditions in Odisha improved.[59][60] Damage statewide were stood at ₹6.1 billion (USS$83.9 million), and the majority of them were government properties.[6]

Other states

In Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, two people were reported dead as they were trapped in a collapsed house, not being rescued and eventually dying there.[59] 1,500 homes were damaged, 10 lakh people were effected, and 18 people were injured in Jharkhand.[61] An additional two people died in Ranchi after a five-year-old bridge connecting the Tamar block to Bundu and Sonahatu block of the city collapsed.[62][61] 75 hectares worth of farmland were destroyed.[61]

In

the city of Gaya, standing at 6.88 cm (2.71 in) on the same day.[63] Seven people died in the state of Bihar due to floods produced by Yaas as it moved further inland.[64]

The rainfall from Yaas also extended to

In Sidhi and Shajapur in Madhya Pradesh, the remnant moisture of Yaas caused light rainfall, standing at 0.5 and 0.4 cm (0.20 and 0.16 in) on May 28, respectively.[66]

Bangladesh

Tidal waves generated by Yaas flooded low-lying areas in

Noakhali, including some fishing settlements in Sundarbans on May 26.[67] The coastal areas of Cox's Bazar saw inundation in multiple villages due to Cyclone Yaas, while tidal surges severely damaged a jetty and at least 50 houses at St. Martin's Island.[68] 500 meters of Kuakata Beach in Patuakhali District were washed away by coastal erosion due to Yaas, while at least 56 km (35 mi) worth of flood-controlling dykes were damaged, which would ultimately cost the district 530 million (US$6.25 million) to repair.[69] A hotel along the western side of beach collapsed.[69] In Khulna District, 50,000 homes and croplands were damaged by strong winds and tidal surges produced by the cyclone and at least 5,000 were left homeless, with estimated losses in the district worth at least ৳600 million (US$7.08 million).[70] Damage in Bagerhat District were at ৳460 million (US$5.43 million), with the road infrastructure suffered the greatest loss.[71] The Sundarbans were inundated with saline seawater after Yaas had moved inland, raising fears of potential damage the forest ecosystem.[72] The seawater filled 53 of the 54 freshwater ponds within the forest, cutting off supply of uncontaminated drinking water for wildlife and forest workers; the Bangladesh Forest Department stated the flooding in the Sundarbans was the worst in 14 years.[73] According to naval sources at Patenga in Chittagong, a ship, called MV Sanvalli, sank near Bhasanchar in the Bay of Bengal and 12 sailors were rescued by Bangladesh Air Force helicopters.[74]

Elsewhere

The remnants of Yaas caused light rainfall in some areas in

Aftermath

India

The Chief Minister of West Bengal, Mamata Banerjee, met with Prime Minister Narendra Modi to assess and submit damage reports on May 27. The Bengal Governor, Jagdeep Dhankhar, criticized Banerjee for skipping a prior review meet with Modi. Banerjee herself took aerial surveys of impacted areas in the North 24 Parganas district. He said a field survey would be conducted later on.[78] Modi announced ₹10 billion (US$138 million) in immediate relief split between Odisha, West Bengal, and Jharkhand on May 28. Modi undertook aerial surveys of impacted areas in the Bhadrak and Balasore districts of Odisha, as well as Purba Medinipur district in West Bengal as well.[79]

Earlier on May 27, Modi had held a review meeting with Odisha's Chief Minister, Naveen Patnaik. Discussing the impact of the cyclone, Odisha's government had demanded long-term solutions to problems that were caused by repeated cyclone effects, and provision of disaster-resilient power systems. However, there were no immediate funds for this.[78] Those displaced by Yaas had sought refuge in overcrowded shelters; this caused increased concern about COVID-19 outbreaks in an already terrible pandemic in India. WASH items were in limited availability, and shelter camps and WASH facilities were flooded by the storm. Critical demands for the resources were being sent through the IAG network for primary health services; this prompted the need for immediate availability of these items. Children, women, the elderly, and other groups of notable vulnerability were of high concern due to the lack of basic supplies. Psychosocial support and recreational activities for sheltering youth was also required.

Controversies

However protest erupted on June 5 on South 24 Paragana's Gosaba for demand of concrete embankments, as it was broken by Cyclone Yaas. The protest then spread across South Bengal.

sandbars and weak soil embankments. The state government have already proposed the idea for construction of concrete embankments after reports of embankments broke open in South Bengal. It is currently in discussion after Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee has expressed her disappointment in several meetings for ineffective repair of the embankments and told the officials for finding a permanent solution.[80]

Following the destruction caused by Cyclone, the Government of West Bengal decided to start "Duare Traan" (Relief near the house) scheme, in which the relief amount would be given to everyone whose property have been destructed. But, 50% of the applications for this scheme detected as fraud.[81]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The name Yaas was provided by Oman, and it means "a Jasmin-like tree" in Persian.[1] In Arabic, the name Yaas is known as despair or desperation.[2]

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External links