Gloucester, Massachusetts
Gloucester, Massachusetts | ||
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![]() Man at the Wheel, Fisherman's Memorial Cenotaph | ||
FIPS code 25-26150 | | |
GNIS feature ID | 0615084 | |
Website | gloucester-ma |
Gloucester (/ˈɡlɒstər/ GLOST-ər) is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. It sits on Cape Ann and is a part of Massachusetts's North Shore. The population was 29,729 at the 2020 U.S. Census.[2] An important center of the fishing industry and a popular summer destination, Gloucester consists of an urban core on the north side of the harbor and the outlying neighborhoods of Annisquam, Bay View, Lanesville, Folly Cove, Magnolia, Riverdale, East Gloucester, and West Gloucester.
History
The boundaries of Gloucester originally included the town of Rockport, in an area dubbed "Sandy Bay". The village separated formally from Gloucester on February 27, 1840. In 1873, Gloucester was reincorporated as a city.
Contact period
Native Americans inhabited what would become northeastern Massachusetts for thousands of years prior to the European colonization of the Americas. At the time of contact, the area was inhabited by Agawam people under sachem Masconomet.[3] Evidence of a village exists on Pole's Hill in the current Riverdale neighborhood.[4]
In 1606 Samuel de Champlain explored the harbor, and produced the first known map of Gloucester harbor titling it le Beau port. This map suggests substantial Native American settlement on the shores of the harbor. In 1614 John Smith again explored the area, identifying the indigenous inhabitants as Aggawom.[5] In 1623 men from the Dorchester Company established a permanent fishing outpost in the area.[6]
At the Cape Ann settlement a legal form of government was established, and from that Massachusetts Bay Colony sprung. Roger Conant was the governor under the Cape Ann patent, and as such, has been called the first governor of Massachusetts.[7][8]
Life in this first settlement was harsh and it was short-lived. Around 1626 the place was abandoned, and the people removed themselves to Naumkeag (in what is now called Salem, Massachusetts), where more fertile soil for planting was to be found. The meetinghouse and governor's house were even disassembled and relocated to the new place of settlement.
Second English Settlement
At some point in the following years—though no record exists—the area was slowly resettled by English colonists. The town was formally incorporated in 1642. It is at this time that the name "Gloucester" first appears on tax rolls, although in various spellings. The town took its name from the city of Gloucester in southwest England, perhaps from where many of its new occupants originated but more likely because Gloucester, England, was a Parliamentarian stronghold, successfully defended with the aid of the Earl of Essex against the King in the Siege of Gloucester of 1643.
This new permanent settlement focused on the Town Green area, an inlet in the marshes at a bend in the
The Town Green is also where the settlers built the first school. By Massachusetts Bay Colony Law, any town with 100 families or more had to provide a public schoolhouse. This requirement was met in 1698, with Thomas Riggs standing as the town's first schoolmaster.
In 1700, the selectmen of Gloucester recognized the claim of Samuel English, grandson of Agawam sachem Masconomet, to the land of the town, and paid him seven pounds (equal to £1,327 today) for the quitclaim.[3]
The
Early industry included subsistence farming and logging. Because of the poor soil and rocky hills, Cape Ann was not well suited for farming on a large scale. Small family farms and livestock provided the bulk of the sustenance to the population. Fishing, for which the town is known today, was limited to close-to-shore, with families subsisting on small catches as opposed to the great bounties yielded in later years. The fishermen of Gloucester did not command the
Early Gloucestermen cleared great swaths of the forest of Cape Ann for farm and pasture land, using the timber to build structures as far away as Boston. The rocky moors of Gloucester remained clear for two centuries until the forest reclaimed the land in the 20th century. The inland part of the island became known as the "Commons", the "Common Village", or "Dogtown". Small dwellings lay scattered here amongst the boulders and swamps, along roads that meandered through the hills. These dwellings were at times little more than shanties; only one was even two stories tall. Despite their size, several generations of families were raised in such houses. One feature of the construction of these houses was that under one side of the floor was dug a cellar hole (for the keeping of food), supported by a foundation of laid-stone (without mortar). These cellar holes are still visible today along the trails throughout the inland part of Gloucester; they, and some walls, are all that remain of the village there.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Gloucester_Harbor_William_Morris_Hunt.jpeg/275px-Gloucester_Harbor_William_Morris_Hunt.jpeg)
Growth
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Annisquam_River_%28Massachusetts%29_map.jpg/170px-Annisquam_River_%28Massachusetts%29_map.jpg)
The town grew, and eventually colonists lived on the opposite side of the Annisquam River. In a time of legally mandated church attendance this was a long way to walk—or row—on a Sunday morning. In 1718 the settlers on the opposite shore of the river split off from the First Parish community at the Green and formed "Second Parish". While still part of the town of Gloucester, the people of Second, or "West", Parish now constructed their own meetinghouse and designated their own place of burial, both of which were in the hills near the marshes behind Wingaersheek Beach. The meetinghouse is gone now, but deep in the woods on the Second Parish Road, Old Thompson road, one can still find the stone foundation and memorial altar, as well as scattered stones of the abandoned burial ground.
Other parts of town later followed suit. Third Parish, in northern Gloucester, was founded in 1728. Fourth Parish split off from First Parish in 1742. Finally, in 1754, the people of Sandy Bay (what would later be called Rockport) split off from First Parish to found Fifth Parish. The Sandy Bay church founding was the last religious re-ordering of the colonial period. All of these congregations still exist in some form, with the exception of Fourth Parish, the site of whose meeting house is now a highway.
At one time, there was a thriving granite industry in Gloucester. English writer Harriet Martineau, who visited Gloucester during her travels in the United States in the mid-1830s, commented on the ubiquity of granite there:
It has great wealth of granite and fish. It is composed of granite; and almost its only visitors are fish. **** The houses look as if they were squeezed in among the rocks. The granite rises straight behind a house, encroaches on each side, and overhangs the roof, leaving space only for a sprinkling of grass about the door, for a red shrub or two to wave from a crevice, and a drip of water to flow down among gay weeds. Room for these dwellings is obtained by blasting the rocks. Formerly, people were frightened at fragments falling through the roof after a blasting: but now, it has become too common an occurrence to alarm any body.[11]
Geography and transportation
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Good_Harbor_Beach_Gloucester%2C_Mass_1.jpg/220px-Good_Harbor_Beach_Gloucester%2C_Mass_1.jpg)
Gloucester is located at 42°37′26″N 70°40′32″W / 42.62389°N 70.67556°W (42.624015, −70.675521).[12] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 41.5 square miles (107.5 km2), of which 26.2 square miles (67.8 km2) is land and 15.3 square miles (39.6 km2), or 36.88%, is water.[13]
Gloucester occupies most of the eastern end of Cape Ann, except for the far tip, which is the town of Rockport. The city is split in half by the Annisquam River, which flows northward through the middle of the city into Ipswich Bay. At its southern end, it is connected to Gloucester Harbor by the Blynman Canal. The land along the northwestern shore of the river is marshy, creating several small islands. Gloucester Harbor is divided into several smaller coves, including the Western Harbor (site of the Fisherman's Memorial) and the Inner Harbor (home to the Gloucester fishing fleet). The eastern side of Gloucester Harbor is divided from the rest of Massachusetts Bay by Eastern Point, extending some 2 miles (3 km) outward from the mainland. There are several parks in the city, the largest of which are Ravenswood Park, Stage Fort Park and Mount Ann Park.
Gloucester lies between Ipswich Bay to the north and Massachusetts Bay to the south. The city is bordered on the east by
Gloucester is home to the
Climate data for Gloucester, Massachusetts | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 68 (20) |
65 (18) |
86 (30) |
88 (31) |
95 (35) |
98 (37) |
100 (38) |
100 (38) |
97 (36) |
87 (31) |
76 (24) |
74 (23) |
100 (38) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 35.3 (1.8) |
38.0 (3.3) |
45.0 (7.2) |
55.4 (13.0) |
65.4 (18.6) |
74.4 (23.6) |
79.9 (26.6) |
78.6 (25.9) |
71.2 (21.8) |
60.5 (15.8) |
50.7 (10.4) |
40.3 (4.6) |
57.9 (14.4) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 18.1 (−7.7) |
20.3 (−6.5) |
27.0 (−2.8) |
35.9 (2.2) |
45.5 (7.5) |
55.1 (12.8) |
60.6 (15.9) |
59.8 (15.4) |
52.3 (11.3) |
41.0 (5.0) |
33.2 (0.7) |
23.7 (−4.6) |
39.4 (4.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | −12 (−24) |
−12 (−24) |
−2 (−19) |
12 (−11) |
30 (−1) |
31 (−1) |
46 (8) |
43 (6) |
33 (1) |
20 (−7) |
10 (−12) |
−15 (−26) |
−15 (−26) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 4.22 (107) |
3.54 (90) |
4.25 (108) |
4.34 (110) |
3.55 (90) |
3.63 (92) |
3.46 (88) |
3.40 (86) |
3.87 (98) |
4.22 (107) |
4.69 (119) |
4.27 (108) |
47.44 (1,205) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 12.6 (32) |
12.7 (32) |
7.7 (20) |
1.4 (3.6) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.6 (1.5) |
7.2 (18) |
42.2 (107) |
Source 1: [14] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: [15] |
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
42.3 °F (5.7 °C) | 39.4 °F (4.1 °C) | 39.4 °F (4.1 °C) | 42.8 °F (6.0 °C) | 50.4 °F (10.2 °C) | 57.9 °F (14.4 °C) | 65.5 °F (18.6 °C) | 66.9 °F (19.4 °C) | 63.5 °F (17.5 °C) | 57.4 °F (14.1 °C) | 50.7 °F (10.4 °C) | 46.0 °F (7.8 °C) | 51.9 °F (11.1 °C) |
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1790 | 5,317 | — |
1800 | 5,313 | −0.1% |
1810 | 5,943 | +11.9% |
1820 | 6,384 | +7.4% |
1830 | 7,510 | +17.6% |
1840 | 6,350 | −15.4% |
1850 | 7,786 | +22.6% |
1860 | 10,904 | +40.0% |
1870 | 15,389 | +41.1% |
1880 | 19,329 | +25.6% |
1890 | 24,651 | +27.5% |
1900 | 26,121 | +6.0% |
1910 | 24,398 | −6.6% |
1920 | 22,947 | −5.9% |
1930 | 24,204 | +5.5% |
1940 | 24,046 | −0.7% |
1950 | 25,167 | +4.7% |
1960 | 25,789 | +2.5% |
1970 | 27,941 | +8.3% |
1980 | 27,768 | −0.6% |
1990 | 28,716 | +3.4% |
2000 | 30,273 | +5.4% |
2010 | 28,789 | −4.9% |
2020 | 29,729 | +3.3% |
2023 | 29,959 | +0.8% |
* = population estimate. Source: United States census records and Population Estimates Program data.[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Source: U.S. Decennial Census[29] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Fish_Dressing_Wharf%2C_Gloucester%2C_MA.jpg/220px-Fish_Dressing_Wharf%2C_Gloucester%2C_MA.jpg)
As of the
There were 12,592 households, out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.8% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.3% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.00.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Drying_Fish%2C_Gloucester%2C_MA.jpg/220px-Drying_Fish%2C_Gloucester%2C_MA.jpg)
In the city, the population was spread out, with 22.0% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 26.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $58,568, and the median income for a family was $80,970 from a 2007 estimate.
Politics
Gloucester is a city, with a strong mayor-council system. The current mayor of Gloucester is Gregory P. Verga as of January 2022. The
The city is divided into five Wards, each split into two precincts:
- Ward 1: East Gloucester – includes Eastern Point and Rocky Neck
- Ward 2: Downtown and the Harbor area
- Ward 3: The western edge of the "island" from Stacy Boulevard to Wheeler's Point – includes the Heights at Cape Ann and Pond View Village.
- Ward 4: North Gloucester – includes Riverdale, Annisquam, Bay View, and Lanesville.
- Ward 5: The entirety of West Gloucester west of the Annisquam River and Blynman Canal to Manchester-by-the-Sea and Essex – includes the Wingaersheek area and village of Magnolia.
As late as the mid-20th century, Gloucester had as many as eight wards, but they have been since reorganized into the current number.
On November 7, 2005, incumbent Mayor John Bell was re-elected to a third term in office. He stated his intention not to run for reelection and stepped down in January 2008.
On November 6, 2007, Carolyn Kirk was elected as the Mayor of Gloucester. Kirk resigned in December 2014 to take a position in the administration of Massachusetts governor Charlie Baker. Sefatia Theken was then voted to be the interim mayor of Gloucester by the City Council. Theken was elected to serve a full two-year term on November 2, 2015, and re-elected again in 2017 and 2019. She was defeated for re-election in 2021 by Gregory P. Verga.
Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 15, 2008[32] | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Number of voters | Percentage | |||
Unaffiliated | 12,563 | 59.89% | |||
Democratic | 6,056 | 28.87% | |||
Republican | 2,208 | 10.53% | |||
Libertarian | 149 | 0.71% | |||
Total | 20,976 | 100% |
Education
The following schools are located within the Gloucester Public Schools District:
- Gloucester High School (9–12)
- O'Maley Innovation Middle School (6–8)
- East Veterans Elementary School (K-5) (Formerly East Gloucester Elementary School; the former Veteran's Memorial School (which has been demloished) was merged into it)
- Plum Cove Elementary School (K–5)
- Beeman Elementary School (K–5)
- West Parish Elementary School (K–5) (site of the West Parish Elementary School Science Park)
- Gloucester Preschool
Economy
Gorton's of Gloucester, Mighty Mac, Gloucester Engineering, Good Harbor Consulting, Para Research, Aid-Pack, Cyrk, and Varian Semiconductor are among the companies based in Gloucester.
Gloucester and the sea
The town was an important
In the late 19th century Gloucester saw an influx of Portuguese and Italian immigrants seeking work in the town's flourishing fishing industry and a better life in America. Some present-day fishermen of Gloucester are descendants of these early immigrants. The strong Portuguese and Italian influence is evident in the many festivals celebrated throughout the year. During the Catholic celebration, St Peter's Fiesta, relatives of fishermen past and present carry oars representing many of the fishing vessels which call Gloucester their home. Saint Peter is the patron saint of the fishermen. Gloucester remains an active fishing port, and in 2013 ranked 21st in the United States with respect to fish landings. In that year 62 million pounds of fish were caught bringing in an estimated $42 million.[33]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Harbor_View_%26_Ten_Pound_Island_Light.jpg/220px-Harbor_View_%26_Ten_Pound_Island_Light.jpg)
Arts
Painting and printmaking
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/LaneFitzHughBracesRockEasternPointGloucester.jpg/220px-LaneFitzHughBracesRockEasternPointGloucester.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Breakwater_%26_Lighthouse%2C_Gloucester%2C_MA.jpg/220px-Breakwater_%26_Lighthouse%2C_Gloucester%2C_MA.jpg)
Gloucester's scenery, active fishing industry, and arts community have attracted and inspired painters since the early 19th century. The first Gloucester painter of note was native-born
.![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Gloucester_Harbor_Winslow_Homer_1873.jpeg/220px-Gloucester_Harbor_Winslow_Homer_1873.jpeg)
Smith Cove is home to the Rocky Neck Art Colony, the oldest art colony in the country. Folly Cove was the home of the Folly Cove Designers, influential to this day in print design and technique.
Sculpture
Several important sculptors have lived and worked in East Gloucester,
Literature
- Captains Courageous (1897) by Rudyard Kipling was set in Gloucester, and adapted as a 1937 movie starring Spencer Tracy.
- , the rocks off the N.E. coast of Gloucester.
- Charles Olson (1910–1970), a poet and teacher at Black Mountain College in North Carolina, composed a 635-page poem known as The Maximus Poems, which centered on Gloucester.
- Gloucester is often referred to in the works of horror writer The Shadow Over Innsmouthis believed partially based on Cape Ann as a whole and Gloucester in particular.
- The book The Perfect Storm, which recounted a massive storm of 1991, had figures based in the town. Scenes from the film adaptation by the same name were filmed there.
- Gloucester and its coast guard station are the center of the land action in Michael J. Tougias' 2005 book Ten Hours Until Dawn, recounting the loss of the pilot boat Can Do and its crew during the blizzard of 1978.[35]
- Gloucesterbook, Gloucestertide, and Gloucestermas are three novels in the Gloucesterman series by Gloucester novelist Jonathan Bayliss set in Gloucester, fictionalized as "Dogtown" on "Cape Gloucester".
- Hersenschimmen (Out of Mind), a 1984 novel by J. Bernlef, is set in Gloucester.
- Anita Diamant has set two novels in Gloucester, The Last Days of Dogtown and Good Harbor.
Comics
Gloucester is the birthplace of Marvel character Dane Whitman whose superhero alter ego is the Black Knight.
Film
- Author! Author! had scenes shot on Good Harbor Beach in Gloucester.
- In The Bostonians, oceanfront scenes were filmed on rocks at Rafes Chasm Park, off Hesperus Avenue.
- Captains Courageous was set in Gloucester.
- The Gloucester 18 is a documentary film that investigates the Gloucester pregnancy pact, and was filmed entirely in Gloucester.
- The Good Son was filmed in Gloucester and other Cape Ann communities.
- Grown Ups
- Manchester by the Sea much of which was filmed in Gloucester.
- Mermaids had scenes shot in the Magnolia area of Gloucester.
- Moonlight Mile was filmed almost entirely in Gloucester, with some shots in Marblehead.
- The Perfect Storm was filmed and set in Gloucester.
- Boston Phoenixcalled "the best film about an American poet ever made."
- Portions of Stuck on Youwere filmed in Gloucester and in neighboring Rockport. (The rink scenes were filmed at the O'Maley School.)
- The Women was partly filmed in Annisquam.
- The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming takes place on a fictional Gloucester island but was filmed in Mendocino, California.
- One Step BeyondEpisode 19, "The Captain's Guests", takes place on "Cape Ann Road" set in Gloucester.
- Clear History takes place on an island in New England, and was filmed in Gloucester and around Cape Ann.
- The 2021 film CODA is based and was shot in Gloucester.
Television
Route 66 season 2, episode 6, "Once To Every Man" (October 27, 1961) was set and filmed in Gloucester.
Bewitched season 7, episode 5, "Darrin On A Pedestal" (October 22, 1970) was set and partially filmed on Gloucester.
Spenser: For Hire, season 2, episode 1, "Widow's Walk" (October 4, 1986) was set and filmed in Gloucester.
Theater
The Gloucester Stage Company stages five to eight plays each season, primarily in the summer months. Located in East Gloucester, the theatre sits at water's edge overlooking Smith's Cove. It was founded in 1979 by local arts and business leaders to encourage playwrights and their new works. Israel Horovitz, who founded the GSC, was also its artistic director from 1979 to 2006. Over the years, plays developed at the Gloucester Stage Company have gone on to critical acclaim, on and off Broadway, nationally and internationally.[citation needed] The group draws theatre-goers from Gloucester, neighboring North Shore districts, and the greater Boston area, as well as seasonal residents and tourists.[citation needed]
Architecture
The city has much significant
Points of interest
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Universalist_Church_%28Edward_Hopper%2C_1926%29.jpg/300px-Universalist_Church_%28Edward_Hopper%2C_1926%29.jpg)
- The schooner Adventure
- Annisquam
- Cape Ann Museum
- Dogtown Common
- Norman's Woe, known for several shipwrecks, including The Wreck of the Hesperus
- Ravenswood Park
- Rocky Neck Art Colony, America's oldest working art colony
- Sargent House Museum
- Stage Fort Park
- White-Ellery House
Gloucester's most noted landmark is the harborside Man at the Wheel statue (also known as the "Gloucester Fisherman's Memorial Cenotaph"), dedicated to "They that go down to the sea in ships", which is a quote from Psalm 107:23–32.
Gloucester's largest annual event is St. Peter's Fiesta, sponsored by the local
Notable people
- Sylvester Ahola, jazz trumpeter and cornetist
- Willie Alexander, singer and keyboard player, formerly of the Lost, the Bagatelle, the Grass Menagerie and the Boom Boom Band, before briefly becoming a member of The Velvet Underground, was raised and is based in Gloucester; much of his later work involves collaborations in various media with area's rich arts community
- A. Piatt Andrew, congressman, Assistant Treasury Secretary, and Harvard professor;[36] The Route 128 bridge connecting the island and mainland portions of Gloucester was named after him
- Roger Babson, founder of Babson College and presidential candidate for Prohibition Party in 1940
- Walworth Barbour, diplomat, lived for many years in Gloucester
- Thomas P. Barnett, painter
- Jonathan Bayliss, novelist and playwright
- Cecilia Beaux, painter and society portraitist
- Howard Blackburn, fisherman and adventurer
- Nell Blaine, painter
- Clarence Birdseye, founder of modern frozen food industry
- Kyle Bochniak, MMA Fighter
- Phil Bolger, prolific 20th-century boat designer with 668 designs to his credit, designed Canadian-built tall ship HMS Rose later renamed HMS Surprise for use in Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World
- Hugo Burnham, drummer and founding member of British post-punk band Gang of Four
- Virginia Lee Burton (1909–1968), children's book author and illustrator (The Little House and Mike Mulligan and His Steam Shovel), founder of the Folly Cove Designers group
- Roger Conant, first governor of the Cape Ann colony, moved the colony's center from the Gloucester area to Salem
- Carleton S. Coon, physical anthropologist and president of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists
- Roger Cressey, former member of United States National Security Council, terrorism analyst for NBC News, president of Good Harbor Consulting, and adjunct professor at Georgetown University
- Thomas Dalton, abolitionist leader
- Aristides Demetrios, sculptor, grew up in Gloucester as son of Virginia Lee Burton
- Henry Ferrini, critically acclaimed independent filmmaker, nephew of Vincent Ferrini
- Vincent Ferrini, poet, first Poet Laureate of Gloucester
- Thomas Gardner, landed in 1624 at Cape Ann to form colony at what is now known as Gloucester
- Gregory Gibson, author of Goneboy: a Walkabout, Demon of the Waters and Hubert's Freaks
- Raymond Greenleaf, actor
- Emil Gruppe, painter
- John Hays Hammond, Jr., inventor known as "The Father of Radio Control", built Hammond Castleas his home and laboratory
- Beauport, Sleeper-McCann House
- Walker Hancock, sculptor
- Sterling Hayden, actor and writer[38][page needed]
- Helen Hayes, actor, spent her summers in Annisquam
- Winslow Homer, landscape painter and printmaker, lived and painted in Gloucester in 1870s
- Israel Horovitz, playwright and father of Adam Horovitz of Beastie Boys
- Alpheus Hyatt, naturalist and paleontologist
- Anna Hyatt Huntington, animalier sculptor and daughter of Alpheus Hyatt
- Elliott Jaques, psychoanalyst, social scientist, known for coining term "mid-life crisis"; moved to Gloucester in 1991 and lived there until death in 2003
- Alfred "Centennial" Johnson, first recorded single-handed crossing of Atlantic Ocean
- Hilton Kramer, art critic and essayist, was born in, and grew up in, Gloucester
- Fitz Henry Lane, Luminist painter, born and lived in Gloucester
- Paul Manship, sculptor
- Stuffy McInnis, Major League Baseball player and manager, Harvard baseball coach
- Drinky Crow Show[39]
- Shawn Milne, Cyclist
- William Monahan, Academy Award-winning screenwriter
- Sun Myung Moon, leader of the Unification Church, spent a great deal of time in Gloucester, and the Unification Church at one time owned a large amount of waterfront property[40]
- Richard Murphy, schooner captain
- Universalistdenomination in the United States
- Judith Sargent Murray, feminist, essayist, playwright, and poet
- Laura Nyro, singer and songwriter, lived in Gloucester for a number of years
- Charles Olson, Black Mountain College poet
- Kris Osborn, former CNN commentator and current columnist for various military industry blogs
- Mark Parisi, author of syndicated comic strip Off the Mark, was born in Gloucester[41]
- Cy Perkins, Major League Baseball catcher
- Herb Pomeroy, jazz musician, born in Gloucester
- Jessie Ralph, actress[42]
- Marc Randazza, First Amendment lawyer, legal news commentator, columnist (Fox News and CNN)
- Russ Russo, actor
- Daniel Sargent, merchant, politician
- Epes Sargent, editor, poet and playwright
- Henry Sargent, painter and military man
- Paul Dudley Sargent, Revolutionary War hero, one of founding overseers of Bowdoin College
- Winthrop Sargent, patriot, governor, politician, writer; member of Federalist party
- Ben Smith, Olympic ice hockey coach, son of Benjamin A. Smith II, born in Gloucester[43]
- U.S. senator from Massachusetts (1960–1962), Mayor of Gloucester (1954–1955)[44]
- William Stacy (1734–1802), Revolutionary War officer, pioneer to Ohio Country[45]
- Vermin Supreme, performance artist, anarchist, politician, and activist (perennial presidential candidate)
- Martin Weitzman, economist, lived in Gloucester[46]
- Martin Welch, schooner captain, winner of first International Fishing Schooner Championship Races[47]
- Philip Saltonstall Weld, famed sailor and newspaper publisher
- Anna Maria Wells, poet and writer for children
- Alfred J. Wiggin, painter and society portraitist.
References
- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
- ^ "Census - Geography Profile: Gloucester city, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
- ^ a b Perley, Sidney (1912). The Indian land titles of Essex County, Massachusetts. The Library of Congress. Salem, Mass. : Essex Book and Print Club.
- ^ "Native Americans of Cape Ann". Cape Ann Museum. Cape Ann Museum. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
- ^ Smith, John (1837). A description of New England; or, The observations, and discoveries of Captain Iohn Smith (admirall of that country) in the north of America, in the year of our Lord 1614; with the successe of sixe ships, that went the next yeare 1615; and the accidents befell him among the French men of warre: with the proofe of the present benefit this countrey affoords; whither this present yeare, 1616, eight voluntary ships are gone to make further tryall. Washington: P. Force.
- ^ "History of Cape Ann". Cape Ann Museum. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
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Further reading
- Anastas, Peter and Parsons, Peter. When Gloucester Was Gloucester: Toward An Oral History Of The City (1973), Harvard University Press. Published for the 350th Anniversary Celebration of the City
- Clark, Margaret Elwyn. "Managing uncertainty: Family, religion, and collective action among fishermen's wives in Gloucester, Massachusetts." in Jane Nadel-Klein and Dona Lee Davis, eds. To Work and to Weep: Women in Fishing Economies (1988) pp: 261–278.
- Connolly, James Brendan. The Port of Gloucester (1940)
- Heyrman, Christine. Commerce and Culture: The Maritime Communities of Colonial Massachusetts, 1690–1750 (1986)
- Meltzer, Michael. The world of the small commercial fishermen: their lives and their boats (1980)
- Miller, Marc L., and John Van Maanen. "'Boats Don't Fish, People Do': Some Ethnographic Notes on the Federal Management of Fisheries in Gloucester." Human Organization 38.4 (1979): 377–385.
- Otto, Peter, and Jeroen Struben. "Gloucester fishery: insights from a group modeling intervention." System Dynamics Review 20.4 (2004): 287–312. online
- Thomas, Gordon W. Fast and Able: Life Stories of Great Gloucester Fishing Vessels (1952)
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png)
- City of Gloucester official website
- "Vital Records of Gloucester, MA to the end of the year 1849". The Massachusetts Vital Records Project. 2005–2010. Retrieved August 7, 2010.
- 1872 Map of Gloucester plate 80–81 Atlas of Essex County published 1872.
- 1872 Map of Gloucester Center – Inner Harbor plate 83 Atlas of Essex County published 1872.
- "Plate 0085, Lanesville, Bayview, Annisquam". Essex County 1872. salemdeeds.com.
- Gloucester's Civil War monuments at Massachusetts Civil War Monuments Project