HMS Sandwich (L12)
HMS Sandwich, with a second world war convoy.
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History | |
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United Kingdom | |
Name | HMS Sandwich |
Namesake | Town of Sandwich, Kent |
Owner | Royal Navy |
Builder | Hawthorn Leslie, Newcastle upon Tyne[1] |
Launched | 28 September 1928[1] |
Out of service | 1944[2] |
Honours and awards | Atlantic |
Fate | sold in 1946[1] |
General characteristics | |
Displacement | 1,045 tons[1] |
Length | 250 ft (76 m)[1] |
Beam | 34 ft (10 m)[1] |
Draught | 8.7 ft (2.7 m)[1] |
Speed | 16 kn (30 km/h)[1] |
Complement | 100[1] |
Armament | 2 x 4-inch (102 mm)[1] |
HMS Sandwich (L12) was a
Construction and design
HMS Sandwich was ordered from
Sandwich was 266 feet 4 inches (81.18 m)
Sandwich was
In 1938, the aft four-inch gun was replaced by one on a high-angle mounting and the two saluting guns were exchanged for a pair of quadruple
Service
China Station
While ordered for service in the Persian Gulf, both Sandwich and her
In January 1938, as the Second Sino-Japanese War continued, Sandwich landed men at Weihaiwei to protect British property against rioting as Japanese forces advanced towards the city.[16] The ship was refitted at Hong Kong from April to October 1938, recommissioning with a fresh crew in March 1939.[11]
Second World War
Sandwich was based at Hong Kong when war was declared, and patrolled the Tsushima Strait for German merchant shipping before sailing east in November 1939 to return to the United Kingdom in December with convoy HG 11. She escorted convoys between Liverpool and Gibraltar until May 1940 and then coastal and Western Approaches convoys rescuing survivors from the sunken freighters King Idwal and Anten of convoy OB 244 in November 1940.[2]
Sandwich began
Upon completion of trials and workup, Sandwich escorted convoys between Liverpool and Sierra Leone as part of the 38th Escort Group from August 1943 until retirement in June 1944. Planned refit at Brindisi was not completed, and the ship was towed to Bizerte in 1945.
Convoys escorted
Convoy[2] | Escort Group[2] | Dates[2] | Notes[17] |
---|---|---|---|
HG 11 | 16–24 December 1939 | 52 ships escorted without loss from Gibraltar to Liverpool | |
OG 16F | 26-31 January 1940 | 23 ships outbound to Gibraltar | |
HG 17F | 31 January-5 February 1940 | 25 ships escorted without loss from Gibraltar to Liverpool | |
SL 19 | 17-20 February 1940 | 28 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OA 98 | 26-27 February 1940 | 19 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HG 20F | 28 February-3 March 1940 | 30 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OG 21F | 5-11 March 1940 | 45 ships outbound to Gibraltar | |
HG 24 | 28 March-7 April 1940 | 41 ships escorted without loss from Gibraltar to Liverpool | |
OG 26F | 14-20 April 1940 | 54 ships outbound to Gibraltar | |
HG 29 | 7-17 May 1940 | 45 ships escorted without loss from Gibraltar to Liverpool | |
OB 154 | 24-27 May 1940 | 12 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 43 | 27-30 May 1940 | 43 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OB 159 | 1-4 June 1940 | 23 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 45 | 5-7 June 1940 | 63 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OB 164 | 9-12 June 1940 | 29 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 47 | 14-17 June 1940 | 2 ships lost from 57 inbound to Western Approaches | |
OB 169 | 17-20 June 1940 | 32 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 49 | 20-24 June 1940 | 1 ship lost from 50 inbound to Western Approaches | |
OB 174 | 25-28 June 1940 | 64 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 51 | 29 June-2 July 1940 | 35 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OB 180 | 7-10 July 1940 | 47 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 54 | 11-14 July 1940 | 43 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OA 186 | 17-21 July 1940 | 39 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 57 | 23-26 July 1940 | 51 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OA 192 | 30 July-3 August 1940 | 18 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 60 | 4-7 August 1940 | 3 ships lost from 60 inbound to Western Approaches | |
OA 199 | 15-19 August 1940 | 1 ship torpedoed of 29 outbound from Western Approaches | |
HX 64 | 20-23 August 1940 | 62 ships inbound to Western Approaches | |
OA 206 | 29 August-3 September 1940 | 1 ship torpedoed of 48 outbound from Western Approaches | |
SL 44 | 3-7 September 1940 | 1 ship lost from 29 inbound to Western Approaches | |
OA 214 | 14-19 September 1940 | 29 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
OA 223 | 2-6 October 1940 | 17 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
SC 8 | 15-31 October 1940 | 40 ships escorted without loss from Sydney to Liverpool | |
OB 244 | 17-22 November 1940 | 3 ships sunk of 46 outbound from Western Approaches | |
OB 254 | 4-7 December 1940 | 13 ships outbound from Western Approaches | |
OG 59 | 43rd EG | 15-28 April 1941 | 44 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Gibraltar |
HG 61 | 43rd EG | 6-20 May 1941 | 23 ships from Gibraltar to Liverpool; U-96 sank Empire Ridge |
OB 332 | 43rd EG | 10-19 June 1941 | 43 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Iceland |
HX 134 | 43rd EG | 26 June-4 July 1941 | 48 ships escorted without loss from Iceland to Liverpool |
SC 36 | 43rd EG | 13-17 July 1941 | 40 ships inbound to Western Approaches |
OS 2 | 43rd EG | 4-19 August 1941 | 17 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 85 | 43rd EG | 28 August-11 September 1941 | 11 ships from Sierra Leone to Gibraltar; bomber sank Daru |
HG 72 | 43rd EG | 11-17 September | 17 ships escorted without loss from Gibraltar to Liverpool |
OS 8 | 43rd EG | 4-20 October 1941 | 46 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 91 | 43rd EG | 27 October-19 November 1941 | Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 13 | 43rd EG | 1-18 December 1941 | 45 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 96 | 43rd EG | 28 December 1941 – 13 January 1942 | 35 ships from Sierra Leone to dispersal |
OS 23 | 43rd EG | 25 March-11 April 1942 | 45 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 107 | 43rd EG | 16 April-5 May 1942 | 32 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 29 | 43rd EG | 22 May-10 June 1942 | 44 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 113 | 43rd EG | 15-29 June 1942 | 41 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 35 | 43rd EG | 25 July-12 August 1942 | 51 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone sank U-213 |
SL 119 | 43rd EG | 14 August-5 September 1942 | Sierra Leone to Liverpool; two ships torpedoed and sunk |
OS 41 | 43rd EG | 20 September-1 October 1942 | 41 ship Liverpool to dispersal |
SL 123 | 43rd EG | 4-10 October 1942 | 27 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
KMS 2 | 43rd EG | 26 October-12 November 1942 | 1 ship sunk of 51 from Loch Ewe to Operation Torch |
TE 7 | 43rd EG | 28 November 1942 | Gibraltar to North Africa |
GUF 3 | 43rd EG | 30 December 1942 – 1 January 1943 | North Africa to Gibraltar |
CF 10 | 43rd EG | 5-8 January 1943 | Cape Town to United Kingdom |
GUS 3 | 43rd EG | 18-19 January 1943 | North Africa to Gibraltar |
MKS 7 | 43rd EG | 8-17 February 1943 | Algiers to Liverpool |
SL 137 | 38th EG | 23 September-17 October 1943 | 49 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 57 | 38th EG | 31 October-18 November 1943 | 78 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 141 | 38th EG | 23 November-12 December 1943 | 14 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 61 | 38th EG | 19-29 December 1943 | 42 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 145 | 38th EG | 1-12 January 1944 | 33 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 65 | 38th EG | 26 January-6 February 1944 | 41 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 149 | 38th EG | 11-22 February 1944 | 47 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 69 | 38th EG | 5-15 March 1944 | 47 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 153 | 38th EG | 22 March-2 April 1944 | 47 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 73 | 38th EG | 16-25 April 1944 | 44 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 157 | 38th EG | 1-10 May 1944 | 45 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
OS 77 | 38th EG | 23 May-2 June 1944 | 31 ships escorted without loss from Liverpool to Sierra Leone |
SL 161 | 38th EG | 11-22 June 1944 | 41 ships escorted without loss from Sierra Leone to Liverpool |
Disposal and fate
Sandwich was sold at Bizerte in 1946 for £3,050 to local interests for mercantile service.
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Lenton & Colledge 1968, pp. 167–168
- ^ a b c d e f g h Mason, Geoffrey B. "HMS SANDWICH (L 12) – Bridgewater-class Sloop". Service Histories of Royal Navy Warships in World War 2. edited by Gordon Smith. naval-history.net. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
- ^ a b Hague 1993, p. 6.
- ^ a b c d e Campbell 1980, p. 55.
- ^ Hague 1993, pp. 10–11.
- ^ a b c d e f g Hague 1993, p. 23.
- ^ Parkes 1931, p. 76.
- ^ Brown 2007, p. 24.
- ^ Brown 2007, p. 23.
- ^ Hague 1993, pp. 23–24.
- ^ a b c Hague 1993, p. 24.
- ^ "Chinese-Japanese War". The Bathurst National Advocate. Bathurst, New South Wales. 2 February 1932. p. 2. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
- ^ Klar 1988, p. 392
- ^ "Steamer Taken By Chinese Pirates: Found Abandoned". The Argus. Melbourne. 2 February 1935. p. 24. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
- ^ "In Pirate Hands: Children's Experiences: China Sea Adventure". The Western Mail. Perth, Western Australia. 7 February 1935. p. 20. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
- ^ "Mobilisation Measure". The Mercury. Hobart. 25 January 1938. p. 7. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
- ^ Hague 2000, pp.123-183
- ^ "Ship sinks in sight of port". Gloucestershire Echo. The British Newspaper Archive (subscription). 19 February 1948. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ "Sandwich". Tyne Built Ships. Shipping & Shipbuilding Research Trust. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
References
- Brown, David K (2007). Atlantic Escorts: Ships, Weapons & Tactics in World War II. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84415-702-0.
- Campbell, N. J. M. (1980). "Great Britain (including Empire Forces)". In Chesneau, Roger (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 2–85. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Hague, Arnold (2000). The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-019-3.
- Hague, Arnold (1993). Sloops: A History of the 71 Sloops Built in Britain and Australia for the British, Australian and Indian Navies 1926–1946. Kendal, UK: World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-67-3.
- Klar, John W. (1988). "History of USS Stewart (DD-224) 1920–1941, Part II". JSTOR 44892027.
- Lenton, H.T.; Colledge, J.J. (1968). British and Dominion Warships of World War II. Garden City, New York: Doubleday and Company.
- Parkes, Oscar, ed. (1973) [First published 1931, Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd]. Jane's Fighting Ships 1931. Newton Abbot, UK: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5849-9.
- ISBN 1-59114-119-2.
See also
- Clearance of the wreck of Amoy in 1948 (Port La Nouvelle official site)