Kapilar
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Sangam literature | ||
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Kalittokai | |
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Tamil history from Sangam literature |
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Elāti | Kainnilai | |
Bhakti Literature | ||
Naalayira Divya Prabandham | Ramavataram | |
Tevaram | Tirumuṟai | |
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Kapilar or Kabilar (
He was a contemporary of
Early life
Kapilar was born in Thiruvadhavur in the
Kapilar sang about a number of kings such as Agudhai, Irungovel, Selva Kadungo Vazhiyadhan, Cheramaan Maandharancheral Irumborai, Ori, Nalli, Malayamaan Thirumudikkaari, Malayan, Vichikkon, Vaiyavi Koperum Pegan, Vel Pari. Kapilar has sung on King
Siege of Parambu
The three crowned
You may think Pāri's mountain is easy to conquer. Even though the three of you with your gigantic royal drums lay siege to it..Like the sky is his mountain. Like the stars in the sky are its springs. Even though your elephants are tied to every tree, your chariots spread through every field, you will not take it by fighting. He will not surrender it by the sword. But here: I know how you can win it. If you play little lutes, their strings of rubbed twine, have your dancing women come behind with thick, fragrant hair, and go to him dancing and singing, he will give you his mountain and his whole land.[6]
After a long war, Vēl Pāri was killed by treachery.[7] Purananuru, song (112) of Pāri's daughters on his death:
That day in that white moonlight, we had our father, and no one could take the hill. This day in this white moonlight, kings with drums beating victory, have taken over our hill, and we have no father.[8]
Aftermath and death
Kapilar become the guardian of Pāri's two daughters, Angavai and Sangavai, after Pari's death and the three of them left Parambu country. Kapilar unsuccessfully approached different Vēlir kings to find grooms. He would be let down each time as the other Vēlir kings would fear retribution from the three crowned kingdoms. The most notable of these encounters is when he sings to
The death of his friend Pāri affected Kapilar and he later took his own life by
Works and contribution
Kabilar made huge contributions to
Views on Valluvar and the Kural
Kapilar is believed to have accompanied
Valluvar’s Cural is short in words, but extensive in sense, even as in a drop of water on the blade of the millet might be seen reflected the image of the tall palmyra-tree. [Emphasis in original]
See also
- Tiruvalluva Maalai
- List of Sangam poets
- Sangam literature
Citations
- ^ a b c Selby 2011, pp. 85–89.
- ^ a b c Kowmareeshwari 2012.
- ^ Studies in Tamil Literature and History by Ramachandra Dikshitar, pages 55-59
- ^ Vedanayagam 2017, pp. 44–45.
- ^ a b c d Gopalan 1957, pp. 46–47.
- ^ Poets of the Tamil Anthologies: Ancient Poems of Love and War, page 164
- ^ Great women of India, page 309
- ^ Poems of love and war: from the eight anthologies and the ten long poems of classical Tamil, page 145
- ^ The Four Hundred Songs of War and Wisdom: An Anthology of Poems from Classical Tamil, the Purananuru, Translations from the Asian classics By George L. Hart, Hank Heifetz
- ^ Robinson 2001, p. 22.
References
- Gopalan, P. V. (1957). புலவர் அகராதி [Dictionary of Poets] (in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: M. Duraisami Mudaliyar and Company. pp. 46–47.
- Kowmareeshwari, S., ed. (August 2012). Pathinen Keezhkanakku Noolgal. Sanga Ilakkiyam (in Tamil). Vol. 5 (1st ed.). Chennai: Saradha Pathippagam. pp. viii.
- Robinson, Edward Jewitt (2001). Tamil Wisdom: Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages and Selections from Their Writings. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services.
- Selby, Martha Ann, ed. (2011). Tamil Love Poetry. New York Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press. pp. 85–89. ISBN 978-0-231-52158-1.
- Vedanayagam, Rama (2017). Tiruvalluva Maalai: Moolamum Eliya Urai Vilakkamum (in Tamil) (1st ed.). Chennai: Manimekalai Prasuram. pp. 44–45.