Matsushima-class cruiser
Itsukushima, the lead ship of the Matsushima class
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Class overview | |
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Name | Matsushima class |
Operators | Imperial Japanese Navy |
Preceded by | Naniwa class |
Built | 1888–1894 |
In commission | 1891–1926 |
Planned | 4 |
Completed | 3 |
Cancelled | 1 |
Lost | 1 (Matsushima) |
Retired | 2 |
General characteristics | |
Type | Protected cruiser |
Displacement | 4,217 long tons (4,285 t) (Matsushima); 4,278 long tons (4,347 t) (Itsukushima and Hashidate) |
Length | 91.81 m (301 ft 3 in) w/l |
Beam | 15.6 m (51 ft 2 in) |
Draft | 6.05 m (19 ft 10 in) |
Propulsion | 2-shaft reciprocating ; 6 boilers; 5,400 hp (4,000 kW), 680 tons coal |
Speed | 16.5 knots (19.0 mph; 30.6 km/h) |
Complement | 360 |
Armament |
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Armor |
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The Matsushima class (松島型防護巡洋艦, Matsushima-gata bōgojun'yōkan) was a class of protected cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), with three ships named after the three most famous scenic spots in Japan (nicknamed Sankeikan (三景艦, 'three-views ships')). The Matsushima class was a highly unorthodox design among cruisers of the 1890s, as each ship had a primary armament of a single massive 320 millimetres (13 in) Canet gun, resulting in a monitor-like appearance.
Background
Forming the backbone of the Imperial Japanese Navy during the
There were originally plans to build a fourth vessel in this class, and its cancellation due to concerns over the design was one of the factors that led to Bertin's resignation and return to France.
Design
The Matsushima-class vessels had steel hulls with 94 frames constructed of mild steel, and a double bottom, divided into waterproof compartments, with the area between the bulkheads and armor filled with
Propulsion was by two
Ships in class
- Itsukushima (厳島)
Built by the Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée naval shipyards in France; launched on 18 July 1889; completed on 3 September 1891. Struck on 12 March 1926 and scrapped.[5]
- Matsushima (松島)
Built by the Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée naval shipyards in France; launched on 22 January 1890; completed on 5 April 1892. Matsushima differed from her two sister ships in that the Canet gun was mounted abaft the superstructure, rather than forward. Sunk on 30 April 1908 after an accidental explosion while at anchor in the Pescadores islands off Taiwan, with the loss of 207 of her 350 crewmembers.[5]
- Hashidate (橋立)
The only ship of the class built in Japan, by the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal; launched on 24 March 1891; completed on 26 June 1894. Struck on 1 April 1922 and scrapped in 1927.[5]
Service life
All three ships of the Matsushima class were completed just prior to the start of the First Sino-Japanese War, and saw combat in the Battle of the Yalu River and the subsequent Battle of Weihaiwei.
During the
See also
- Japanese cruiser Akitsushima – originally planned as the fourth Matsushima-class cruiser, but eventually built to a different design
Notes
- ^ Roksund, The Jeune École: The Strategy of the Weak;
- ISBN 0-87021-192-7.
- ^ a b Chesneau, Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905.
- ^ "Japanese 12.6"/38 (32 cm) Canet". navweaps.com. 16 March 2006.
- ^ a b c Jentsura, Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy;
References
- Chesneau, Roger (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-133-5.
- Evans, David C.; ISBN 0-87021-192-7.
- Howarth, Stephen (1983). The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895-1945. Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-11402-8.
- Jane, Fred T. (1904). The Imperial Japanese Navy. Thacker, Spink & Co.
- Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
- Roberts, John (ed). (1983). 'Warships of the world from 1860 to 1905 - Volume 2: United States, Japan and Russia. Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Koblenz. ISBN 3-7637-5403-2.
- Roksund, Arne (2007). The Jeune École: The Strategy of the Weak. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15723-1.
- Schencking, J. Charles (2005). Making Waves: Politics, Propaganda, And The Emergence Of The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1868-1922. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4977-9.
External links
- Nishida, Hiroshi. "Materials of IJN". Imperial Japanese Navy. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
- The Canet gun