Nur Misuari
Nur Misuari | |
---|---|
Special Economic Envoy on Islamic Affairs to the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation | |
Assumed office December 13, 2019 | |
President | Rodrigo Duterte Bongbong Marcos |
Chair of the Central Committee of the Moro National Liberation Front | |
Assumed office October 21, 1972 | |
Preceded by | Position established |
President of the Bangsamoro Republik Unrecognized | |
In office August 12, 2013 – September 28, 2013 | |
Preceded by | Position established |
Succeeded by | Position abolished |
3rd Governor of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao | |
In office 1996–2001 | |
Preceded by | Lininding Pangandaman |
Succeeded by | Alvarez Isnaji |
Personal details | |
Born | Nurallaji Pinang Misuari March 3, 1939 Tapul, Sulu, Philippine Commonwealth |
Political party | Lakas–NUCD (1996–2001) |
Spouse(s) | Desdemona Tan (Deceased) Eleonora Tan Tarhata Ibrahim Maimona Palalisan Subanen woman (Unidentified) Sherry Rahim |
Alma mater | University of the Philippines Manila (BA) University of the Philippines Diliman (MA) |
Military service | |
Allegiance | Moro National Liberation Front |
Years of service | 1972–present |
Nur Misuari (Tausug: Nūr Miswāri, born Nurallaji Pinang Misuari; March 3, 1939)[1] is a Moro Filipino revolutionary and politician, founder and leader of the Moro National Liberation Front.[2]
Early and Personal life
Nur Misuari was born on March 3, 1939, in
Misuari initially took up a degree in liberal arts, intending to pursue medicine. Instead, Misuari shifted his course to political science in his second semester with the intent of taking up law, despite the fact that his father "hated" lawyers.[1] He became active in many of the university's extra-curricular activities, particularly in debate. After attaining his bachelor's degree in political science from the University of the Philippines in 1962, he entered the College of Law at University of the Philippines, Diliman but dropped his law studies in his second year after being convinced by his mentor and now national author, Caesar Majul, to pursue a master's degree related to political science. He finished his master's degree in Asian studies in 1964 at the Asian Center of the University of the Philippines, Diliman.[1][5] In 1964, Misuari founded a radical student group called the Bagong Asya (New Asia). Together with Jose Maria Sison, he also founded the Kabataan Makabayan (Patriotic Youth).[5]
Until 2016, Misuari had five wives, his first wife was Desdemona Tan, who died of illness in
Political career
Through Cesar Adib Majul, Misuari became a lecturer at the University of the Philippines in political science in July 1966 until his retirement as instructor on November 15, 1968.[1][5] In the 1960s, he helped establish the Mindanao Independence Movement which aimed to organize an independent state in southern Philippines. The Mindanao Independence Movement formed the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) that sought political reforms from the government of the Philippines. Unable to gain reforms, the MNLF engaged in military conflict against the Philippine government and its supporters between 1972 and 1976 under the leadership of Misuari. The military resistance to the government of former Philippine president
Removal as ARMM governor
After he was installed as the region's governor in 1996, his rule ended in violence when he led a failed rebellion against the Philippines government in November 2001,[9] thus illegally escaping to Sabah, Malaysia.[10] During his time there, his third wife Tarhatta together with their three children were allowed to visit by the Malaysian government.[11] The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) regional chairman suggested the Malaysian government send Misuari to Saudi Arabia or Libya to avoid "political persecution" by the Philippine government.[11] However the Malaysian leader at the time, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad resisted by saying; "We cannot entertain asylum as Misuari had not used his powers correctly although we provide support for him in the past for his bid on autonomy that saw the creation of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)". He was then deported back to the Philippines,[11][12][13] and removed from his office by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in 2001 before being arrested in 2007 on charges of terrorism. On December 20, 2007, he was denied a petition for bail and remained under house arrest in Manila. The Philippine court however, granted the bail petition of Misuari's seven co-accused, at 100,000 pesos.[14] On April 25, 2008, he was allowed to post bail, upon the instructions of the Cabinet security cluster.[15] According to Moro sources, Misuari is a "charismatic leader" who held considerable sway over the indigenous people in Mindanao but lost this backing because of his mismanagement and the corruption of his officials during his tenure as governor for the ARMM.[16]
Controversy and criticism
Since the 1970s, there has been an animosity between Moro separatist leaders that resulted in the creation of MILF and other factions of MNLF due to falling-outs with Misuari.
On September 9, 2013, Misuari was convicted of his
Misuari went on accusing neighboring Malaysia by claiming that Malaysia was using Moro people for kidnappings since the
Corruption charges
Misuari was charged with graft following the "anomalous" bidding of educational materials that was committed between 2000 and 2001 during his term as the governor for the ARMM, amounting to ₱137.5 million.[50] He was charged with 3 counts of graft and 3 counts of malversation of non-existent educational materials. According to the charge sheets filed before court by the Office of the Ombudsman on May 22, 2017, and released to media on May 24, Misuari authored the purchase of materials for 3 separate educational projects in the ARMM in 2000 and 2001. All of these materials, according to state investigations, were never delivered.[51]
See also
- Peace process with the Bangsamoro in the Philippines
- List of Filipino Nobel laureates and nominees
References
- ^ ISBN 978-971-27-2624-8. Archivedfrom the original on 2020-04-21. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
- ^ Abdullah Osman (August 2, 2014). "MISUARI CALLS FOR UNITY OF ALL BANGSAMORO FREEDOM FIGHTERS". mnlfnet.com. BANGSAMORO News Agency. Archived from the original on June 10, 2015. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
- ^ University of the Philippines, U.P. Biographical Directory, Supplement 1, University of the Philippines, Quezon City (1970)
- ^ Erwin Tulfo (April 10, 2013). "Misuari stakes family's claim to Sabah". Interaksyon. Archived from the original on April 12, 2013. Retrieved April 11, 2013.
- ^ a b c d "Nur Misuari – Founding Leader and Chairman of the Central Committee of the Moro National Liberation Front (Mnlf)". Study Mode Research. January 17, 2011. p. 22. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 1, 2014. [unreliable source?]
- ^ Edd K. Usman (May 15, 2015). "Misuari takes a new bride". Tempo. Archived from the original on May 30, 2015. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
- ^ Julie S. Alipala (June 22, 2015). "MNLF's Nur Misuari 'very much alive and happy with his 6th wife'". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on June 23, 2015. Retrieved June 23, 2015. [failed verification]
- ISBN 978-1-4522-6550-6.
- ^ "The Philippines and Terrorism". Anti-Defamation League. April 2004. Archived from the original on February 16, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
- ^ Barbara Mae Dacanay (December 20, 2001). "Nur Misuari seeks asylum in Malaysia". Gulf News. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved July 5, 2014.
- ^ a b c "Misuari's wife, children arrive in Malaysia". Gulf News. December 26, 2001. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
- ^ "Philippines rebel leader arrested". BBC News. November 25, 2001. Archived from the original on September 26, 2015. Retrieved September 26, 2015.
Malaysia's Inspector-General of Police Norian Mai said Mr Misuari and six of his followers were arrested at 3.30 am on Saturday (1930 GMT Friday) on Jampiras island off Sabah state. Manila had ordered his arrest on charges of instigating a rebellion after the government suspended his governorship of an autonomous Muslim region in Mindanao, the ARMM. Although the Philippines has no extradition treaty with Malaysia, the authorities have already made clear that they intend to hand Mr Misuari over to the authorities in Manila as soon as possible. Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad had said before the arrest that, although his country had provided support to the rebel group in the past in its bid for autonomy, Mr Misuari had not used his powers correctly. "Therefore, we no long feel responsible to provide him with any assistance," he said.
- ^ "Nur Misuari to be repatriated to stand trial". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. December 20, 2001. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved July 5, 2014.
- ^ Abs-Cbn Interactive, Judge denies Misuari's bail petition
- ^ Tetch Torres (April 25, 2009). "(UPDATE) Misuari allowed to post bail--DoJ". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
- ISBN 978-0-8330-4759-5.
- ^ a b John Unson (November 4, 2016). "Misuari, the MILF and Malaysia". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Set up SabahCom if Misuari involved: Yong". Daily Express. July 17, 2014. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ^ "Sulu claims spread to Sarawak". The Borneo Post. March 5, 2013. Archived from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- ^ Teoh El Sen (March 14, 2013). "MNLF supports Sulu claim, says Nur Misuari faction". Astro Awani. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
- ^ Charlie Saceda (March 6, 2013). "Pinoys in Sabah fear retaliation". Rappler. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
- ^ Mohamad Abdullah (June 15, 2015). "Suluks to be deported". The Borneo Post. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
- ^ "Nur Misuari involved, says Zahid". Bernama. MySinChew English. July 16, 2014. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia. March 5, 2013. Archived from the originalon March 8, 2013. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
- ^ Edwin O. Fernandez (March 20, 2013). "Misuari hit for claiming Malaysia used MILF to bolster claim on Sabah". Philippine News Agency. Interaksyon. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
- ^ Joseph France (September 25, 2013). "The Zamboanga standoff: Role of the Nur Misuari group". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on October 24, 2015. Retrieved September 26, 2013.
- ^ a b Jaime Sinapit (September 10, 2013). "Houses burn as heavy fighting resumes in Zamboanga City". Agence France-Presse and Philippine News Agency. Interaksyon. Archived from the original on September 11, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2013.
- ^ Carmela Lapeña; Amita Legaspi (September 9, 2013). "MNLF attacks Zambo City, using 20 hostages as 'human shields;' six killed". GMA News. Reuters. Archived from the original on September 23, 2013. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
- ^ Titus Calauor; Benjie Vergara; Al Jacinto (September 11, 2013). "Human shields beg for help". Agence France Presse. The Manila Times. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved September 12, 2013.
- Aquilino "Koko" Pimentel III (November 27, 2013). "Resolution directing the appropriate Senate Committee's, to conduct an inquiry, in aid of legislation, on the motives, behind the Zamboanga City siege in September 2013 which resulted in a humanitarian crisis in the said city, with the end in view of enacting measures to prevent the reccurrence of a similar incident in the future" (PDF). Philippine Senate. Archived(PDF) from the original on November 17, 2015. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
- ^ Nikko Dizon (October 6, 2013). "Out of Zamboanga siege, Soliman makes deal with God". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 6, 2013. Retrieved October 6, 2013.
- ^ William B. Depasupil (February 17, 2014). "Military says Misuari 'hiding like a rat'". The Manila Times. Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved February 17, 2014.
- ^ "Nur Misuari charged in Philippines for Zamboanga siege". Agence France-Presse. The Star. October 9, 2013. Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved October 9, 2013.
- ^ "Due to MNLF leader's old age, Duterte doesn't want Misuari detained". GMA News. August 11, 2016. Archived from the original on October 2, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ "DOJ favors lifting of Misuari arrest warrant". Philippine Daily Inquirer. September 20, 2016. Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ "Duterte: Misuari wants amnesty for Abu Sayyaf". ABS-CBN News. September 28, 2016. Archived from the original on September 30, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ Trisha Macas (September 27, 2016). "Duterte rejects Misuari's proposal to include Abu Sayyaf in talks, amnesty". GMA News. Archived from the original on September 30, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ Manolo B. Jara (September 24, 2016). "Army firm, won't stop drive against Abu Sayyaf". The Gulf Today. Archived from the original on October 2, 2016. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ Bong Garcia (October 18, 2016). "Zamboanga City firm on pursuing cases against Misuari". Sun Star. Archived from the original on November 5, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2016.
- ^ Nestor Corrales (November 3, 2016). "Misuari accuses Malaysia of using Moro people in kidnap-for-ransom activities". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Sabah CM urges Nur Misuari to prove his allegation over Sipadan kidnapping". Bernama. The Malay Mail. November 4, 2016. Archived from the original on November 5, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Misuari Urged To Name Malaysian Leader Involved In Sipadan Kidnapping". Bernama. November 4, 2016. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Deputy Speaker urges Nur Misuari to prove his allegation over Sipadan kidnapping". Bernama. The Malay Mail. November 4, 2016. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "M'sian hand in kidnapping: Sabah Suluks regret Misuari's remarks". Bernama. Free Malaysia Today. November 4, 2016. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ Frances Mangosing (November 4, 2016). "Misuari claim on Malaysia role in PH kidnappings needs proof–AFP". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on November 4, 2016. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
- ^ "Shahidan admits several groups are cashing in". Daily Express. November 8, 2016. Archived from the original on November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
- ^ a b "Misuari: I will prove it in the criminal court". Daily Express. November 8, 2016. Archived from the original on November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
- ^ Ruth Cabal (November 8, 2016). "EXCLUSIVE: MILF 'traitors' and 'criminals' – Misuari". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on November 8, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
- ^ Aleta Nieva Nishimori (November 9, 2016). "Duterte eyes separate talks with Misuari". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016.
- ^ Raynan F. Javil (September 29, 2016). "Misuari charged with graft". Business World Edition, Philippines. Archived from the original on July 14, 2018. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ Lian Buan (May 24, 2017). "Nur Misuari charged for P115M ghost projects in ARMM". Rappler. Archived from the original on September 5, 2017. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
Further reading
- Nur Misuari: Has the ‘good warrior’s’ long struggle come to a disgraceful end? by Ann Bernadette S. Corvera of The Philippine Star
- Freedom for Misuari? by Fel V. Maragay of Manila Standard Today
External links
- Nur P. Misuari on Facebook