Richard M. Daley

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This article is about the mayor of Chicago from 1989 to 2011. For his father, the mayor of Chicago from 1955 to 1976, see Richard J. Daley.

Richard M. Daley
Cecil Partee
Member of the Illinois Senate
from the 23rd district
In office
January 10, 1973 – December 1, 1980
Preceded byEdward Nihill
Succeeded byTimothy F. Degnan
Personal details
Born
Richard Michael Daley

(1942-04-24) April 24, 1942 (age 82)
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse
Margaret Ann Corbett
​
​
(m. 1972; died 2011)​
Children4, including Patrick
Parent(s)Richard J. Daley (father)
Eleanor Daley (mother)
RelativesJohn P. Daley (brother)
William M. Daley (brother)
EducationProvidence College
DePaul University (BA, JD)
Signature
This article is part of a series about
Richard M. Daley
Crisis management
Events hosted by city
Law enforcement and crime
Parks and recreation projects
Public schools
Transit
Unrealized transit proposals

Richard Michael Daley (born April 24, 1942) is an American politician who served as the 54th[1] mayor of Chicago, Illinois, from 1989 to 2011. Daley was elected mayor in 1989 and was reelected five times until declining to run for a seventh term. At 22 years, his was the longest tenure in Chicago mayoral history, surpassing the 21-year mayoralty of his father, Richard J. Daley.

As Mayor, Daley took over the Chicago Public Schools, developed tourism, oversaw the construction of Millennium Park, increased environmental efforts and the rapid development of the city's central business district downtown and adjacent near North, near South and near West sides. He also approved expansion of city workers' benefits to their partners regardless of gender, and advocated for gun control.

Daley received criticism when family, personal friends, and political allies disproportionately benefited from city contracting. He took office in a city with regular annual budget surpluses and left the city with massive structural deficits. His budgets ran up the largest deficits in Chicago history. A national leader in privatization, he temporarily reduced budgetary shortfalls by leasing and selling public assets to private corporations, but this practice removed future sources of revenue, contributing to the city's near insolvency at the end of his tenure. Police brutality was a recurring issue during his mayorship.

Early and personal life

Richard M. Daley is the fourth of seven children and eldest son of

Roman Catholic.[9]

Daley graduated from De La Salle Institute high school in Chicago and obtained his bachelor's degree from DePaul University in 1964, having transferred from Providence College in Providence, Rhode Island after two years.[10] In 1962, at age 19, home on Christmas break, Daley was ticketed for running a stop sign at Huron and Rush, and the Chicago Sun-Times headline was "Mayor's Son Gets Ticket, Uses No Clout," with a subhead reading "Quiet Boy."[11][12]

Sources conflict on Daley's military record. The only book-length biography of Daley makes no mention of military service.

People Magazine cited 1960 to 1964.[15] A civilian website for Marines and their families found no military record for Daley.[16]

Daley earned a

Bar Examination on his third try.[12] Daley later reflected, "I flunked the bar exam twice. I had to keep studying harder and harder and harder. I passed it the third time."[17] Daley never tried a case.[11]

Daley was elected to his first office as a

Constitutional Convention, which created the current Constitution of Illinois (adopted after voters approved it in a 1970 special election).[18][19] According to journalist Rick Perlstein, in June 1972, Daley led a mob on behalf of his father's Democratic Party regulars against pro-McGovern reformers meeting in a church in Illinois' Fifth Congressional District. The action was unsuccessful and the reformers' slate (which included Rev. Jesse Jackson) replaced the Daley slate at the Democratic National Convention in Miami Beach, Florida.[20]

After his father died in 1976, Daley succeeded his father as the 11th Ward Democratic

committeeman, a party post, until succeeded in the post by his brother John P. Daley in 1980.[21]
With John P. Daley holding the post from 1980 to the present, a Daley has held the post of 11th Ward Committeeman for 60 years.

Illinois State Senate (1972–1980)

After Edward Nihill stepped down, Daley, with the support of the Democratic political organization, was elected to the

good government legislative agenda in the state legislature.[24][25]

Cook County State's Attorney (1981–1989)

State's Attorney. Democratic Mayor Jane Byrne endorsed Alderman Edward M. Burke in the Democratic primary,[26][27][28] and after Daley prevailed in the primary, endorsed Carey in the general election. Daley prevailed and served from 1981 to 1989.[26][29][30] His election over Carey saw him win by merely sixteen thousand votes, one of the narrowest wins for the Cook County State's Attorney election.[26]

Police torture reported to Daley, 1982

In February 1982, Andrew Wilson was arrested for the murder of two Chicago police officers. Wilson was taken to Area 2 detective headquarters on the South Side for interrogation under Chicago Police Detective

tortured, and complained in writing to then Chicago Police Superintendent Richard J. Brzeczek
:

I examined Mr. Andrew Wilson on February 15 & 16, 1982. He had multiple bruises, swellings and abrasions on his face and head. His right eye was battered and had a superficial laceration. Andrew Wilson had several linear blisters on his right thigh, right cheek and anterior chest which were consistent with radiator burns. He stated he'd been cuffed to a radiator and pushed into it. He also stated that electrical shocks had been administered to his gums, lips and genitals. All these injuries occurred prior to his arrival at the Jail. There must be a thorough investigation of this alleged brutality.[31]

Brzeczek forwarded the letter to State's Attorney Daley.

Illinois Supreme Court overturned the convictions, ruling that Wilson was forced to confess involuntarily after being beaten by police.[38][39]

First campaign for mayor: 1983 challenge to Jane Byrne

Main article: 1983 Chicago mayoral election

In November 1982, Daley announced his first campaign for mayor.[40][41] The candidates in the three-way Democratic primary, which included incumbent Mayor Jane Byrne, a former protégée of his father, and Congressman Harold Washington, held a series of four televised debates.[42][43] Daley finished third.[44] Many of Richard J.'s political allies blamed Richard M. for splitting the white vote, enabling Washington to become Chicago's first black mayor.[45]

Second campaign for mayor: 1989 victory over Eugene Sawyer

Main article: 1989 Chicago mayoral special election

On November 25, 1987, Mayor Washington died in office of a heart attack. On December 2, 1987, the Chicago City Council appointed Alderman Eugene Sawyer as mayor until a special election for the remaining two years of the term could be held in 1989.[46] Daley announced his candidacy on December 6, 1988, saying

Let's face it: we have a problem in Chicago. The name-calling and politics at City Hall are keeping us from tackling the real issues ... I may not be the best speaker in town, but I know how to run a government and how to bring people together.[47][48]

Rahm Emanuel worked for the Daley campaign as a fundraiser,[49] David Axelrod as campaign strategist, William Daley as chief strategist, and Forrest Claypool as a campaign aide.[50] Among four Daley campaign appearances on a Sunday shortly before the primary was a rally of Polish Highlanders at 4808 S. Archer Ave.[51] In a videotaped television newscast, it appeared that Daley said, "You want a white mayor to sit down with everybody." Sawyer said he was "shocked." Daley explained, "It was my standard stump speech. I'm not maybe the best speaker in town, but I have never used the word [white]."[52] That Friday, the campaign watchdog group CONDUCT censured Daley and commended Sawyer for his "rejection of racially inflammatory comments."[50][53][54]

Daley defeated Sawyer in the primary.[55] In the 1989 general election, Daley faced Republican candidate Edward Vrdolyak, a former Democratic alderman who had opposed Mayor Washington, and Alderman Timothy C. Evans, the candidate of the newly created Harold Washington Party. Daley won the general election on April 4, 1989.[56][57] Daley was inaugurated as Mayor of Chicago on April 24, 1989,[58][59][60] his 47th birthday, at a ceremony in Orchestra Hall.

Mayor of Chicago (1989–2011)

First term (1989–1991)

Daley presided over the most docile City Council since his father.[61] One of the new mayor's first acts was to appropriate the City Council's power to approve city contracts, a right aldermen exercised under former Mayors Washington and Sawyer.[62] Daley's first budget proposal, the 1990 budget, included $3 billion in spending,[a] $50 million more than 1989,[b] featured a $25 million reduction in the property tax levy,[c] extended Mayor Sawyer's hiring freeze, piloted recycling, and privatized the city's tow truck fleet.[64] Daley became the first Chicago Mayor to lead Chicago's Gay and Lesbian Pride Parade, at the 20th annual parade on Sunday, June 26, 1989.[65] On August 22, 1990, Daley told reporters that "people are getting hurt in drive-by shoot-a-longs."[66] In December 1990, Amnesty International issued a report "Allegations of Police Torture in Chicago, Illinois" calling for a full inquiry into allegations that some Chicago police officers tortured criminal suspects between 1972 and 1984.[67][68]

Second term (1991–1995)

On April 2, 1991, Daley was reelected to a second term (his first full, four-year term), with 70.7% of the vote, over African American civil rights attorney and Appellate Judge R. Eugene Pincham.[58][69] Questioned about the city's rising homicide rate on September 10, 1991, Daley said "The more killing and homicides you have, the more havoc it prevents."[70][71]

Brawl at Daley home in Michigan

On the weekend of March 1–2, 1992, Daley and his wife arranged for 16-year-old son

sports utility vehicle to the Daley second home in Grand Beach, Michigan and threw a party Saturday night without parental consent or adult supervision. Someone asked two Filipino and two white youths to leave, racial epithets were exchanged, and a fistfight broke out. Patrick retrieved Richard J. Daley's shotgun from the house and gave it to his cousin, who was aged 17. A youth was seriously injured when a juvenile struck him in the head with a baseball bat.[72][73]
On Monday a sobbing Mayor Daley read a statement at a City Hall press conference, pausing repeatedly as he tried to maintain his composure,

I am very disappointed, as any parent would be, after his son held a party in their home while his parents were away. I am more deeply distressed for the welfare of the young man who was injured in this fight.[74]

Patrick pleaded guilty to misdemeanor charges of furnishing alcohol to minors and disturbing the peace and was sentenced to six months' probation, 50 hours of community service in Grand Beach, fined $1,950[d] and ordered to pay restitution to his parents for property damage. His cousin pleaded guilty to aiming a firearm without malice and was fined $1,235.[e] Sixteen other youths were charged with juvenile and adult offenses. The injured youth recovered.[73][76]

Third term (1995–1999)

Daley took control of the

U.S. Secretary of Education under Barack Obama, to lead the district. On March 19, 1997, the Chicago City Council adopted the Domestic Partners Ordinance, which made employee benefits available to same-sex partners of City employees. Daley said it was an issue of fairness.[9][77]

Daley's floor leader in City Council resigns

The first major public corruption scandal of Daley's tenure as mayor involved the circumstances of the resignation of his City Council

payroll taxes, including money withheld from its employees' pay checks.[81][82]

In 1970, after high school, Tadin went to work for Marina Cartage; within a decade, he owned the company, and over the next 15 years expanded it from 20 trucks to 150. Between 1992 and 1997, the city paid Marina Cartage and another Tadin company $49 million for supplying the city with snow removal and other heavy equipment and operators. Tadin earned millions of dollars by buying land cheaply, then leasing or selling it to the city.[79] Marina Cartage used Huels' SDI Security services since 1992. In 1995, with Huels' support, the City Council approved a tax reduction which halved the assessment on a new $4.5 million[i] headquarters and trucking terminal for Marina Cartage at 4450 S. Morgan in Huels' ward, a tax savings of as much as $80,000[j] per year. In 1996, with Huels' support, the City Council approved a $1.1 million[k] direct grant for the construction of the facility. Weeks later, Tadin created a new company which was used to originate a $1.25 million[l] bailout loan to SDI.[81][83] Daley said Huels "did the right thing resigning" and claimed no knowledge of Huels' business dealings. "I don't get into people's private lives. I am not into that," Daley said.[58][84] Daley announced an executive order and new ethics legislation, saying:

The goal of this executive order is to help address questions about favoritism in city contracting by preventing conflicts of interest, or even the appearance of such conflicts. ... There should be a level playing field, where no one has an advantage—or a disadvantage—in obtaining city contracts, simply because they know me or anyone else in government. ... Under the steps I'm taking today and recommending to the City Council, the public can easily learn everything there is to know about a city contract: who is involved, who will benefit and whether the city is paying a fair price. I and every other city official must be prepared to defend every contract on its merits.[85]

Fourth term (1999–2003)

On February 23, 1999, Daley won reelection to a fourth term with 68.9 percent of the vote over challenger U.S. Congressman Bobby Rush.[58] In August 1999, prompted by police excessive-force incidents in Chicago, New York and other cities, the U.S. affiliate of Amnesty International issued a report "Race, Rights & Brutality: Portraits of Abuse in the USA," that called on federal officials to better document excessive-force cases and to pursue prosecutions of the officers involved.[86][87] In October 1999, the organization issued a report "Summary of Amnesty International's concerns on police abuse in Chicago" which expressed concerns including improper interrogation tactics, excessive force, shootings of unarmed suspects, and the detention and interrogation of children.[88]

The Duff family formed a janitorial services company, Windy City Maintenance Inc., one month after Daley's inauguration. Bruce DuMont, president of the Museum of Broadcast Communications, said that Daley recommended that Dumont's wife Kathy Osterman, then director of the Mayor's Office of Special Events, award city contracts to Duff family companies.[89] Daley denied steering contracts to the Duffs, and said he would "look into" the allegations, while stopping short of promising to do so, saying "I don't promise. That's the wrong word to use. You know ... promising, promising. We do look into it, yes."[90] In September 2003, a federal investigation led to indictments of Patricia Green Duff, her sons John M. Duff and James Duff, and others on charges they won nearly $100 million[m] in city contracts through the city's set-aside program by misrepresenting their companies as women- and minority-owned.[91] John M. Duff pleaded guilty to 33 counts of racketeering, fraud and other charges on January 10, 2004.[92] A 1978 state law designed by Illinois Democrats gave the Mayor the power to appoint to fill vacancies in the City Council rather than holding special elections, and by 2002 more than a third of the council's 50 aldermen were initially appointed by Daley.[93] The Council became even more of a rubber stamp than in Richard J. Daley's terms. In the 18 months from January 12, 2000 to June 6, 2001, only 13 votes in the council were divided, less than one a month. 32 aldermen supported the mayor 90-100% of the time and another 14 80-89% of the time.[94]

Fifth term (2003–2007)

On February 26, 2003, Daley took 78.5% of the vote to prevail over challenger Reverend Paul Jakes Jr.

Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame in 2006 as a Friend of the Community.[101][non-primary source needed
]

Daley orders demolition of Meigs Field

Meigs Field Runway a few days after destruction ordered by Mayor Daley, April 2003

A long-standing agreement between the city and state required the city to maintain and operate

Department of Homeland Security were not consulted on the plan.[103][104][105] The demolition of the runway trapped planes. In the days following, many of those aircraft were able to take off using the taxiway.[106]

"To do this any other way would have been needlessly contentious," Daley explained at a news conference Monday morning.

9/11 air space restrictions in place over Orlando, Florida.[48][54][108] "The signature act of Richard Daley's 22 years in office was the midnight bulldozing of Meigs Field," according to Chicago Tribune columnist Eric Zorn.[109] "He ruined Meigs because he wanted to, because he could," Chicago Tribune columnist John Kass wrote of Daley.[110] "The issue is Daley's increasingly authoritarian style that brooks no disagreements, legal challenges, negotiations, compromise or any of that messy give-and-take normally associated with democratic government," the Chicago Tribune editorialized.[111] The Federal Aviation Administration cited the city for failure to comply with federal law requiring thirty-day advance notice to the FAA of plans for an airport closure. The city was fined $33,000,[n] the maximum allowable. The city paid the fine and repaid $1 million[o] in misspent federal airport development grants. Daley defended his actions by claiming that the airport was abandoned, in spite of the fact that the Chicago Fire Department had several helicopters based on the field at the time, in addition to the dozens of private aircraft left stranded.[112]

Hired Truck Program scandal

Main article: Hired Truck Program

The $40 million-a-year Hired Truck program was the biggest scandal of Daley's first 15 years as mayor.

Michael Madigan, and Governor Rod Blagojevich; Daley received at least $108,575 and his brother John Daley and his ward organization more than $47,500.[115]

Mark Gyrion, Daley's

second cousin, was a superintendent of garages for the city's Water Management Department, and among his duties was deciding when City-owned trucks should be sold for scrap. Gyrion's mother-in-law's firm, Jacz Transportation, participated in the Hired Truck Program, receiving about $1 million between 1998 and 2004. Jacz Transportation bought a truck three days after the city sold it to a Franklin Park dealership and then leased it back to the city. Gyrion was accused of failing to disclose his mother-in-law's role in the Hired Truck Program and the transfer of the truck. Gyrion was fired and Jacz Transportation was one of 13 truck companies suspended from the Hired Truck program. About 35% of the 70 firms in the program were suspended or referred to the city's Inspector General.[116] The program was overhauled in 2004, and phased out in 2005.[117][118]

Daley patronage chief among officials convicted of fraud

On July 5, 2006, Robert Sorich, formally, director of the Mayor's Office of Intergovernmental Affairs and, informally, Daley's patronage chief, and Timothy McCarthy, Sorich's aide, were each convicted on two counts of mail fraud connected to rigging blue-collar city jobs and promotions. Sorich's best friend, former Streets and Sanitation official Patrick Slattery was convicted of one count of mail fraud. A former Streets and Sanitation managing deputy commissioner was found guilty of lying to federal agents about political hiring.[119][120] Sorich, McCarthy and Slattery lived in the Bridgeport neighborhood in 11th Ward, the Daley family's home neighborhood and ward. "I've never known them to be anything but hard working, and I feel for them at this difficult time," Daley said.[121][122] "It is fair criticism to say I should have exercised greater oversight to ensure that every worker the city hired, regardless of who recommended them, was qualified and that proper procedures were always followed," Daley admitted a few days later.[123][124] Weeks later, David Axelrod, a Democratic political consultant whose clients included Daley, defended patronage in an op-ed in the Chicago Tribune.[125][126]

Daley son concealed city contracting

Mayor Daley's son

Fort Bragg, North Carolina to see his son deployed.[129]
Before departing, Mayor Daley read a statement to reporters, his voice cracking, fighting back tears,

I did not know about [Patrick's] involvement in this company. As an adult, he made that decision. It was a lapse in judgement for him to get involved with this company. I wish he hadn't done it. I know the expectations for elected officials, their families, are very high—rightfully so—especially for me. ... Patrick is a very good son. I love him. Maggie and I are very proud of him. I hope you respect I have nothing more to say on this.[130]

Mayor Daley also said he didn't know if there were other city contracts involving the younger Daley.

criminal defense attorneys.[133] Municipal Sewer Services LLC folded in April 2008.[128] In January 2011, Anthony Duffy, the president of Municipal Sewer Services, was charged with three counts of mail fraud in conjunction with minority-contracting and Jesse Brunt and his company, Brunt Brothers Transfer Inc., were indicted on three counts of mail fraud. Patrick and Vanecko were not charged.[134][135][136]

In 2005, Concourse Communications, another Cardinal Growth venture, signed a city contract for airport

Midway airports. For years, the Daley administration maintained that Patrick had no financial stake in the deal. Concourse disclosed its investors to the city, as required, but Patrick was not reported. Patrick lined up investors for Concourse. On June 27, 2006, nine months after Concourse signed the contract, Concourse was sold at a 33% profit to Boingo Wireless Inc. for $45 million.[s] On June 30, 2006, Patrick received the first of five payments totaling $708,999.[t] On December 3, 2007, shortly after Patrick received the last of those payments, Mayor Daley's press secretary, Jacquelyn Heard said Patrick Daley "has no financial interest with the Wi-Fi contract at O'Hare."[137] The Chicago Sun-Times editorialized, "... the conflict of interest was blatant."[138]

Park Grill contracting scandal

Boeing Gallery and Chase Promenade in Millennium Park.

In 2003, an operating company included over 80 investors,[139] including some of Mayor Daley's friends and neighbors[140] won, under controversial circumstances, a lucrative contract to operate the Park Grill, the only restaurant in the new Millennium Park.[141] In 2005 Daley criticized the deal, saying that the city wanted to renegotiate the pact.[142][143] The Chicago Sun-Times dubbed the Park Grill the "Clout Cafe"[144][145] and included the contract award process in a year-end review of 2005 Daley administration scandals.[146] The contract was never renegotiated, and after Daley announced he would not seek a seventh term, the owners of the Park Grill sought to sell.[147] Deposed in August 2013 in Mayor Rahm Emanuel's administration's lawsuit to renegotiate the contract, former Mayor Daley responded "I don't recall" 139 times.[148][149]

Long-term leases of public infrastructure

In January 2006,

George F. Will wrote of the deals in The Washington Post
,

Unfortunately, Daley's theory—that it can be better to get a sum X immediately, rather than getting over many years a sum Y that is substantially larger than X—assumes something that cannot be assumed. It assumes that governments will prudently husband sudden surges of revenue from the lease or sale of assets.[156]

Sixth term (2007–2011)

May 24, 2008 City of Chicago
Pledge of Allegiance during a wreath laying ceremony at
Daley walking in parade.
Casey, Daley, and other officials walk during the State Street
parade.

On February 6, 2008, the Chicago City Council approved, by a 41–6 vote, an increase in the city's real estate transfer tax to fund the Chicago Transit Authority. Presiding over the meeting, Daley harshly chastized the dissenting aldermen.[157][158] On March 15, 2010, Daley appointed two aldermen on the same day, bringing to 19 the number of alderman initially appointed by Daley.[159]

More long-term leases of public infrastructure

In September 2008, Chicago accepted a $2.52 billion

2008–2012 global recession.[160][161] In 2008, as Chicago struggled to close a growing budget deficit, the city agreed to a 75-year, $1.16 billion[x] deal to lease its parking meter system to an operating company created by Morgan Stanley. Daley said the "agreement is very good news for the taxpayers of Chicago because it will provide more than $1 billion in net proceeds that can be used during this very difficult economy." The agreement quadrupled rates, in the first year alone, while the hours which people have to pay for parking were broadened from 9 a.m. – 6 p.m. to 8 a.m. – 9 p.m., and from Monday through Saturday to every day of the week. Additionally, the city agreed to compensate the new owners for loss of revenue any time any road with parking meters is closed by the city for anything from maintenance work to street festivals.[162][163] In three years, the proceeds from the lease were all but spent.[164][165]

Failed Olympic bid

Main article: Chicago bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics

In 2007, Daley entered into ten-year contracts with the city's labor unions to preclude labor unrest as Chicago launched a bid to host the

Inspector General
,

By signing a 10-year (contract) with the

Teamsters (and with over 30 other unions representing city employees), the current administration and City Council unduly hamstrung not only the current management of city government, but the next six years of management as well, a period that extends well beyond the elected terms of the incoming administration and City Council.[169]

Gun control

"If it was up to me, no one except law enforcement officers would own a handgun. But I understand that's impractical," Daley told attendees at a conference of

assault weapons, Daley said, "If we are really to make the progress that we want, we have to keep the most dangerous weapons that are right here off of our streets."[172][173]

The

McDonald v. Chicago, 561 U.S. 3025, 130 S.Ct. 3020 (2010), which challenged handgun bans in the Chicago and in the neighboring suburb of Oak Park. In May 2010, Daley held a press conference to address gun control and a pending possible adverse decision in McDonald v. Chicago.[174][175] After Mick Dumke, a reporter for the Chicago Reader, questioned the effectiveness of the city's handgun ban, Daley picked up a rifle with a bayonet from a display table of confiscated weapons and told him, "If I put this up your butt, you'll find out how effective it is. Let me put a round up your, you know."[176][177][y] The remark was voted "the stoopidest thing that Mayor Richard Daley the Younger has ever said" in an online poll by the Chicago Tribune.[54]

On June 28, 2010, the

US Supreme Court held, in a 5–4 decision in McDonald v. Chicago, that the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution was incorporated under the Fourteenth Amendment, thus protecting the right of an individual to "keep and bear arms" from local governments,[179] and all but declared Mayor Jane Byrne's 1982 handgun ban unconstitutional.[180]
That afternoon, at a press conference concerning the gun ban, Daley said,

We'll publicly propose a new ordinance very soon ... As a city we must continue to stand up ... and fight for a ban on assault weapons ... as well as a crackdown on gun shops ... We are a country of laws not a nation of guns.[181]

Daley called a special meeting of the city council for four days later, and the Council approved a gun control ordinance revised to include city firearms licenses.[182]

Daley budget deficits and fund draw-downs

Daley came into office in a city with revenue-generating assets, manageable debt and flush pension funds, but he left behind a city with a

O'Hare Modernization Program and related infrastructure projects, citing the city's plan to postpone repayment of interest and principal on some construction bonds.[186][187]

In his annual budget address in City Council Chambers on October 15, 2008, Daley proposed a 2009 budget totaling $5.97 billion,[ac] including not filling 1,350 vacancies on the 38,000 employee city payroll and $150 million[ad] in new revenue from a then-obscure parking meter lease deal to help erase a $469 million[ae] budget shortfall.[188][189] The Daley administration employed an in-house staff of more than 50 public relations officers across City departments at a cost of $4.7 million,[af] and millions more on seven private public relations firms. "It's worth it", Daley said.[190][191] On the first day of City Council hearings on Daley's 2009 budget proposal, several aldermen questioned the administration's public relations spending.[192] On November 4, 2008, Jacquelyn Heard, the mayor's press secretary, said the city would halt spending on 10 public relations contracts that could have paid as much as $5 million[ag] each.[193][194]

In his annual budget address on October 21, 2009, Daley projected a deficit for 2009 of more than $520 million.[ah] Daley proposed a 2010 budget totaling $6.14 billion,[ai] including spending $370 million[aj] from the $1.15 billion[ak] proceeds from the parking meter lease.[195] In his annual budget address on October 13, 2010, Daley projected a deficit for 2010 of $655 million,[al] the largest in city history.[196] Daley proposed a 2011 budget totaling $6.15 billion,[am] including spending all but $76 million[an] of what remained of the parking meter lease proceeds, and received a standing ovation from aldermen.[164][165]

Daley declines to run for seventh term

Daley's approval rating was at an all-time low of 35% by late 2009.[168] On September 7, 2010, Daley announced that he would not seek a seventh term.[197][198][199] "I've always believed that every person, especially public officials, must understand when it's time to move on. For me, that time is now," Daley said.[48][200][201] On December 26, 2010, Daley surpassed his father as Chicago's longest-serving mayor.[201][202] Daley chaired his final city council meeting on Wednesday morning, May 11, 2011. His term ended on May 16, 2011, and he was succeeded by Rahm Emanuel.

Approval ratings

Segment polled Polling source Date Approve Disapprove Sample size Margin-of-error Polling method Citation
Registered voters Market Shares Corp. (commissioned by Chicago Tribune/WGN-TV) August 27–31, 2009 35% 47% 300 ±5 [203]
Chicago Tribune July 2009 37% 47% [204]
Bennett, Petts, & Normington (commissioned by
SEIU
Illinois State Council) 		March 23–25, 2009 50% ±4.3 Telephone [205]
2007 41% [204]
Registered voters Market Shares Corp. (commissioned by Chicago Tribune/WGN-TV) February 10–13, 2006 56% 33% 700 ±4 [206]
Chicago Tribune November 2005 61% [207]
Registered voters Market Shares Corp. (commissioned by Chicago Tribune/WGN-TV) May 16–18, 2005 53% 33% 700 ±4 [208]
Registered voters Market Shares Corp. (commissioned by Chicago Tribune/WGN-TV) January 31–February 3, 2003 72% 16% 700 ±4 Telephone [209]
1999 79% [210]
Registered voters Market Shares Corp Commissioned by Chicago Tribune May 13–18, 1993 66% 29% 399 ±3 Telephone [211]
Likely voters Market Shares Corp. and Chicago Tribune February 9–11, 1991 75% 20% 600 ±4 Telephone [212]
Likely voters Market Shares Corp. and Chicago Tribune January 11–14, 1991 80% 16% 600 ±4 Telephone [213]
Southtown Economist December 1990 61% [214]
Chicago Sun-Times November 1990 58% [214]
Adults Market Shares Corp. and Chicago Tribune October 24–25, 1989 68% 14% 500 ±4 Telephone [215]

Legacy

Chicago City Hall

Daley was supported by Chicago's traditionally Republican business community.[216][217] He came under criticism for focusing city resources on the development of businesses downtown, the North, Near South, and Near West Sides, while neglecting neighborhoods in the other areas of the city; in particular the needs of low-income residents.[216] According to Chicago Tribune columnist Steve Chapman, "Daley lasted 22 years in office partly because he resolved to ingratiate himself with black Chicagoans. He appointed blacks to high positions, stressed his commitment to provide services to all neighborhoods, tore down public housing projects, and pushed reform of the minority-dominated public schools."[218] Daley focused on Chicago as a tourist destination as opposed to a manufacturing base, improved and expanded parkland, added flower planters along many primary streets, and oversaw the creation of Millennium Park on what had previously been an abandoned train yard.[201] He spearheaded the conversion of Navy Pier into a popular tourist destination. Daley supported immigration reform, and green building initiatives,[201] for which he was presented with an Honor Award from the National Building Museum in 2009 as a "visionary in sustainability."[219] Chicago avoided some of the most severe economic contractions of other Midwest cities along the Great Lakes such as Detroit and Cleveland.[220][221]

Post-mayoral career

Days after leaving office, the

investment firm, where Daley's son, Patrick Daley, is a principal.[228] The National Law Journal included Daley in its 2013 list of "The 100 Most Influential Lawyers in America," based on "his political connections — the best in Chicago."[230]

In June 2022, Daley was hospitalized at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago for a "neurological" illness.[231]

Recognition

In 1999, Daley received the Arbor Day Foundation's Lifetime Stewardship Award.[232]

In 2002, Daley received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement presented by Awards Council member and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Frank McCourt. He was the Host of the 2004 International Achievement Summit in Chicago.[233][234][235][236]

In 2017, Daley received the ULI Chicago Lifetime Achievement Award.[237]

Publications

  • Daley, Richard M. (February 13, 2013). "US Must Side with Its Young Not Its Guns". Financial Times. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2013.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ equivalent to $6,184,623,166 in 2023[63]
  2. ^ equivalent to $103,077,053 in 2023[63]
  3. ^ equivalent to $51,538,526 in 2023[63]
  4. ^ equivalent to $4,234 in 2023[75]
  5. ^ equivalent to $2,681 in 2023[75]
  6. ^ equivalent to $1,267,665 in 2023[75]
  7. ^ equivalent to $653,759 in 2023[75]
  8. ^ equivalent to $1,937,626 in 2023[75]
  9. ^ equivalent to $8,220,753 in 2023[63]
  10. ^ equivalent to $159,965 in 2023[75]
  11. ^ equivalent to $1,973,254 in 2023[63]
  12. ^ equivalent to $2,428,390 in 2023[63]
  13. ^ equivalent to $158,771,588 in 2023[63]
  14. ^ equivalent to $54,658 in 2023[75]
  15. ^ equivalent to $1,656,295 in 2023[75]
  16. ^ equivalent to $107,659 in 2023[75]
  17. ^ equivalent to $4,968,886 in 2023[75]
  18. ^ equivalent to $6,452,431 in 2023[75]
  19. ^ equivalent to $65,447,246 in 2023[63]
  20. ^ equivalent to $1,031,156 in 2023[63]
  21. ^ equivalent to $2,661,521,351 in 2023[63]
  22. ^ equivalent to $818,817,771 in 2023[63]
  23. ^ equivalent to $3,502,164,128 in 2023[63]
  24. ^ equivalent to $1,612,107,297 in 2023[63]
  25. ^ See also[48][178]
  26. ^ equivalent to $1,604,066,907 in 2023[63]
  27. ^ equivalent to $8,338,486,020 in 2023[63]
  28. ^ equivalent to $20,050,836,340 in 2023[63]
  29. ^ equivalent to $8,296,793,589 in 2023[63]
  30. ^ equivalent to $208,462,150 in 2023[63]
  31. ^ equivalent to $651,791,657 in 2023[63]
  32. ^ equivalent to $6,531,814 in 2023[63]
  33. ^ equivalent to $7,075,734 in 2023[63]
  34. ^ equivalent to $717,935,863 in 2023[63]
  35. ^ equivalent to $8,376,900,245 in 2023[63]
  36. ^ equivalent to $504,796,920 in 2023[63]
  37. ^ equivalent to $1,568,963,401 in 2023[63]
  38. ^ equivalent to $893,626,981 in 2023[63]
  39. ^ equivalent to $8,220,842,899 in 2023[63]
  40. ^ equivalent to $101,590,904 in 2023[63]

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Political offices
Preceded by Cook County State's Attorney
1980–1989 		Succeeded by
Cecil Partee
Preceded by Mayor of Chicago
April 24, 1989 – May 16, 2011 		Succeeded by

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