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{{Baseballstats |br=r/reesepe01 |fangraphs=1010776 |cube=pee-wee-reese |brm=reese-001har}}
{{Baseballstats |br=r/reesepe01 |fangraphs=1010776 |cube=pee-wee-reese |brm=reese-001har}}
*{{Find a Grave|6152}}
*{{Find a Grave|6152}}
*[http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Pee_Wee_Reese_1918 Pee Wee's page @ Baseball Library.com]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081229141811/http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Pee_Wee_Reese_1918 Pee Wee's page @ Baseball Library.com]
*[http://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=reesepe01 Pee Wee's page @ Baseball Almanac.com]
*[http://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=reesepe01 Pee Wee's page @ Baseball Almanac.com]
*[http://www.thesportgallery.com/products/brooklyn.html The SPORT Gallery] Classic photo of Pee Wee Reese and the Boys of Summer
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080111034206/http://www.thesportgallery.com/products/brooklyn.html The SPORT Gallery] Classic photo of Pee Wee Reese and the Boys of Summer


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Revision as of 12:44, 7 December 2017

Pee Wee Reese
Runs batted in
885
Teams
Career highlights and awards
Member of the National
Baseball Hall of Fame
Induction1984
VoteVeteran's Committee

Harold Peter Henry "Pee Wee" Reese (July 23, 1918 – August 14, 1999) was an American

African American player in the major leagues
, especially in Robinson's difficult first years.

Early life

Reese's nickname originated in his childhood, as he was a champion

marbles player (a "pee wee" is a small marble). Reese was born in Ekron, Meade County, Kentucky, and raised there until he was nearly eight years old, when his family moved to racially segregated Louisville. In high school, Reese was so small that he did not play baseball until senior year, at which time he weighed only 120 pounds and played just six games as a second baseman.[2] He graduated from duPont Manual High School in 1937.[citation needed] He worked as a cable splicer for the Louisville phone company, only playing amateur baseball in a church league. When Reese's team reached the league championship, the minor league Louisville Colonels allowed them to play the championship game on their field. Reese impressed Colonels owner Cap Neal, who signed him to a contract for a $200 bonus.[2] While playing for the Colonels, he was affectionately referred to by his teammates as "The Little Colonel."[3]

Baseball career

By 1938, Reese was the Colonels' regular shortstop and one of the top prospects in the minors, and so impressed Boston Red Sox farm director Billy Evans that he recommended the Red Sox buy the team. Evans and owner Tom Yawkey both knew that the Red Sox' regular shortstop, Joe Cronin, was nearing the end of his career.[2][4]

However, Cronin was also the Red Sox' manager, and still thought of himself as a regular shortstop.[citation needed] When Yawkey sent Cronin to Louisville to scout Reese, Cronin realized that he was being asked to scout his own replacement. Cronin deliberately downplayed Reese's talent and suggested Reese be traded.[citation needed] It took a while to find a buyer, since the other teams assumed something had to be wrong with Reese if the Red Sox wanted to get rid of him. However, on July 18, 1939, Reese was sent to Brooklyn for $35,000 and four players to be named later. This trade is now considered one of the most lopsided deals in baseball history. As it turned out, Cronin was only a part-time player after 1941.[4] Reese stayed in Louisville for the rest of the 1939 season, and was called up to Brooklyn in time for the 1940 season. In an ironic twist, he walked into a situation where his manager was also the regular shortstop—in this case, Leo Durocher. Unlike Cronin, however, Durocher was willing to give up his spot in the lineup to Reese.

Early playing career

Reese with the Dodgers.

Reese's rookie season in 1940 was curtailed by a broken heel bone that limited him to 84 games in what had looked to be a promising season (.272 batting average with 58 runs scored). He had a thrilling moment that year, hitting a grand slam in the bottom of the ninth inning to beat the New York Giants. In 1941, he hit .229 and led the league with 47 errors. Even playing in the World Series that year was a forgettable experience for Reese, as he batted .200 and made three errors in the five-game Yankee win. It was in the 1942 campaign that he truly established himself, making the National League All-Star team for the first of ten consecutive years and leading National League shortstops in both putouts and assists.

Like many players of his era, he missed three seasons due to military service. Reese enlisted in the United States Navy in 1943 and shipped out to fight in the Pacific theater of World War II. While Reese was in the service, the Dodgers languished, finishing no better than third place and as poorly as 42 games out (in seventh place) in 1943. Upon his return in 1946, Reese immediately righted the ship as the Dodgers battled the St. Louis Cardinals in a tight pennant race. The two teams ended the season tied for first place and met in the 1946 National League tie-breaker series.[5] It was the first playoff tiebreaker in Major League Baseball history.[6] The Cardinals won the first two games of the best-of-three game series to capture the National League pennant.[5]

Jackie Robinson

Reese was a strong supporter and good friend of the first 20th century

black Major League Baseball player, Jackie Robinson. He was serving a stint in the Navy when the news of Robinson's signing came. Although he had little or no experience interacting with minorities—according to Reese, his meeting Robinson marked the first time in his life that he had shaken hands with a black man—he had no particular prejudices, either. It is reported that his father had made him starkly aware of racial injustice by showing him a tree where a lynching had occurred.[7] The modest Reese, who typically downplayed his pioneering role in helping to ease the breaking of the 60-year-old color line, said that his primary concern with regard to Robinson's arrival was the possibility of Reese losing his shortstop job. Robinson was assigned to play as the team's first baseman
, and Reese retained his position.

Reese refused to sign a petition that threatened a

MCU Park
in Brooklyn and unveiled on November 1, 2005.

Throughout that difficult first year in the major leagues, Reese helped keep Robinson's morale up amid all the abuse. As the 1947 season wore on, there was tacit acceptance of the fact that blacks were now playing big league ball and were probably there to stay. Robinson still got pitches thrown at him, but, as Reese recounted to author Roger Kahn, "I told him, 'You know Jack, some of these guys are throwing at you because you're black. But others are doing it just because they plain don't like you.'" His role in nurturing Jackie Robinson aside, 1947 was a superb year for Reese, as he batted .284 with a league-leading 104

slugging average of .426. Their rapport soon led shortstop Reese and second baseman Robinson to become one of the most effective defensive pairs in the sport's history. The friendship between Reese and Robinson is prominent in Roger Kahn's classic work, The Boys of Summer
.

Later career

Pee Wee helped make my boyhood dream come true to play in the majors, the

Negro League
smiled and said it was the first time that a white guy had accepted us. When I finally got up to Brooklyn, I went to Pee Wee and said, "Black people love you. When you touched Jackie, you touched all of us." With Pee Wee, it was No. 1 on his uniform and No. 1 in our hearts.

Joe Black, another major league baseball black pioneer, at Reese's funeral.[8]

In 1949, Reese had his only league lead in a significant batting category, topping all National Leaguers with 132 runs scored. The Dodgers won the pennant again that year, but the Yankees continued to dominate in the World Series, winning in five games despite Reese's .316 Series average and team-leading five hits.

Reese became Dodgers' team captain in

double steal, with both later scoring on a passed ball
.

The 1953 Dodgers won the National League pennant with a mark of 105–49 for a .682 winning percentage. Reese was a mainstay for the team, with 108 runs scored and a .271 batting average. The Yankees, however, again defeated the Dodgers in the 1953 World Series, four games to two. After the season, the Dodgers offered Reese the position of manager; when Reese declined the promotion, the Dodgers hired Walter Alston, who remained manager for more than two decades.

In 1954, Reese batted .309, the only season in which he hit over .300. Though 36 years old, he was still going strong during the 1955 season, scoring 99 runs. In that year, the Dodgers won their first World Series. Reese had two RBIs in Game 2. In Game 7, he singled and scored an insurance run. While on the field, he doubled Gil McDougald off first base after Sandy Amorós made a sensational catch of a Yogi Berra fly ball in left field and relayed the throw to Reese to help preserve the victory.

In 1957, Reese yielded his starting role to another black ballplayer, Charlie Neal. As the Dodgers moved west in 1958, Reese joined them as a backup infielder, retiring that year after batting .224 in 59 games. He coached for the Dodgers in the 1959 season, earning a second World Series ring.

Career statistics

In a 16-year major league career, Reese played in 2,166

at bats for a .269 career batting average along with 126 home runs, 885 runs batted in and an on-base percentage
of .366. He retired with a .962 fielding percentage.

Other than his Navy time between 1943 and 1945, Reese had no breaks in service and played at least 140 games in every year from

putouts and ranking in the top 10 all-time in putouts and double plays
.

One of the most popular players with both his teammates and the fans, the "Little Colonel" was the Dodgers' team captain, and he, not the manager, brought out the line-up card at the start of their games. Reese and Elston Howard have the dubious distinction of playing on the most losing World Series teams (six each). Reese's only World Series win as a player, with the Dodgers in the 1955 World Series, occurred against Howard's New York Yankees during Howard's first World Series. No other non-Yankee ballplayer has appeared in that many World Series for the same team.

Broadcasting career

Gillette
razors, ca. 1956.

Following his retirement as a player, Reese enjoyed considerable success as a baseball

NBC Radio, called Cincinnati Reds telecasts in 1969–1970, and served as a part-time television analyst for the Montreal Expos
in 1972.

Later life and death

In his later years, Reese was employed at Hillerich & Bradsby, makers of Louisville Slugger baseball bats. He battled prostate and lung cancer during the final years of his life, and died on August 14, 1999 at his Louisville home. He is interred at Resthaven Memorial Park Cemetery in Louisville.

Awards and honors

Pee Wee Reese's number 1 was retired by the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1984.

In 1984, Reese was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum along with Rick Ferrell. On his entry, his support of Jackie Robinson was cited as well as his playing performance as a testament to his worthiness of the Hall.

A statue of Reese was erected in front of the main entrance of Louisville Slugger Field.[when?]

A statue of Reese and Jackie Robinson was erected in Brooklyn, New York in November 2005, in front of KeySpan Park (now MCU Park) where the Mets (minor league) Class A Cyclones play. Their widows both attended the ceremony for the statue which memorializes the gesture of Reese and his teammates overcoming the racial barrier.[9]

Personal life

Reese was married to Dorothy "Dottie" Walton on March 29, 1942, who survived him in death. They had two children. Dottie died on March 7, 2012.

In popular culture

  • Film – In the film 42, Reese is played by Lucas Black. The moment when he put his arm around Robinson is also depicted.
  • Comics – The Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic movement commissioned a comic strip featuring a character based on Pee Wee Reese, the style of the strip was in the visual style of Chester Gould's Dick Tracy.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ McHale, Matt. "Pee Wee Reese Dies; Ex-Dodgers Captain Led Brooklyn Team to '55 Championship" – Los Angeles Daily News – (c/o TheFreeLibrary.com) – August 15, 1999
  2. ^ a b c Baseball Digest, 1948, by Arthur Daley of The New York Times.
  3. ^ Worldwide, CMG. "Biography." Pee Wee Reese. CMG Worldwide, n.d. Web. 10 June 2017.
  4. ^
    ISBN 0-7432-8491-7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help
    )
  5. ^ a b "1946 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  6. ^ "Tiebreaker Playoff Results". ESPN.com. September 30, 2008. Retrieved October 15, 2011.
  7. ^ "Harold "Pee Wee" Reese – Youth In Kentucky". jrank.org.
  8. Jet Magazine (c/o FindArticles
    ), September 13, 1999.
  9. ^ Berkow, Ira (November 2, 2005). "Two Men Who Did the Right Thing". The New York Times. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  10. ^ Seeman, Don. "Publishing Godliness: The Lubavitcher Rebbe's Other Revolution." Jewish Review of Books. July 16, 2014.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pee Wee Reese.
Preceded by
Joe Garagiola
 Lead color commentator, Major League Baseball on NBC
1966–1968 		Succeeded by
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