St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge
This article contains content that is written like an advertisement. (March 2021) |
St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge | |
---|---|
US Fish & Wildlife Service | |
Website | St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge |
The St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States
The purpose of the refuge is to provide habitat for migratory birds including some endangered species. About 277 bird species use the islands as a migratory stopping point annually.[2] St. Vincent Island and Pig Island are open for recreational activities and are accessible only by boat. The islands contain undeveloped trails and beaches, with no visitor center, drinking water or restrooms.
History
The earliest documented inhabitants of the land date back to the year 240 (based on pottery shards), when Native Americans lived on St. Vincent Island. Records indicate that the island likely fell within the territory of the Chine people, who were known for their piloting expertise along the coast from Apalachee Bay to Mobile Bay.
After the 1704 Apalachee Massacre, the native residents either perished or were displaced, and the island changed hands among various European ancestry owners.
In the 1940s, the island was stocked with non-native species, including zebra, sambar deer, eland, black buck, ring-necked pheasant, Asian junglefowl, bobwhite quail and wild turkey.
In 1968, The Nature Conservancy purchased the island for $2.2 million, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service repaid them with proceeds from Duck Stamp sales. Subsequently, the St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge was established.
Climate
The climate is mild and subtropical, typical of the Gulf Coast, with an average annual rainfall of 57 inches. The triangular island is larger than most of the northern Gulf coast barrier islands and dissected by dune ridges, freshwater lakes and sloughs on the east end. The west end supports dry upland pine forests.[3]
Wildlife
Depending on the season, many species can be observed, a number of them being endangered or threatened. In the spring, several species on the island nest and go through reproductive ritual behavior, such as the osprey, softshell turtle and wood duck. During this season, white-tailed deer bucks shed their antlers and young bald eagles fledge. In the summer, loggerhead sea turtles lay eggs on the beach, and alligators nest in the marshes. Summer bird species include wood storks, snowy plovers and American oystercatchers. During the fall, the islands experience the highest rate of migration stop-overs, which may include peregrine falcons. The white-tailed deer rut occurs in the winter season. In winter, waterfowl are most numerous; bald eagles and great horned owls nest. Year-round inhabitants include alligators, other reptiles and many other animal species.
Role in Red Wolf Recovery Program
Since 1990, St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge has been a breeding ground for endangered
Activities
Various activities include
Hunting
Annual primitive hunts help keep the population of
Fire management
Fire is a natural part of the ecosystems in North America. Before St. Vincent Island was altered with roads, lightning would ignite a fire that could burn throughout the island's various habitats. Now, when lightning starts a fire, the refuge fire staff decides where to stop the wildfire. Refuge staff use tactics that minimize damage to the hydrology of the island. These tactics may include using water, building control lines, or using a controlled fire called a back fire against the wildfire. Fire staff also ignite planned burns called prescribed burns to mimic the lightning fires. Mimicking the lightning fires with prescribed fires achieves the same results as the naturally occurring wildfires. Fire reduces the amount of leaves from flammable fire-dependent plants, which reduces the potential damage of a wildfire.[9]
Access
The closest boat ramp to the island is a quarter mile away at the end of Indian Pass Rd (County Rd 30B) and is open to the public. Indian Pass is located 22 miles west of Apalachicola. Boaters should be sensitive to winds, tide fluctuations, currents, storms and oyster bars. Private shuttle services to the island are available from local boat captains. No fees (except for hunts) or passes are needed to visit the island.[10] All units are open to the public, except a portion of the Refuge on the mainland known as the "11 Mile Site" for its location on 11 Mile Rd.[8]
Gallery
|
References
- ^ "Map". www.fws.gov. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
- ^ "St. Vincent NWR | Friends of the Migratory Bird/Duck Stamp". Retrieved 2022-10-30.
- ^ "St. Vincent NWR Gen 2004" (PDF). Retrieved 2020-05-25.
- ^ "Red wolf". Southeast Region of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
- ^ "Visitor Activities - St. Vincent - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service". www.fws.gov.
- ^ "Fact sheet" (PDF). www.fws.gov. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
- ^ "St Vincent Sambar Deer". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ a b "Plan Your Visit - St. Vincent - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service". www.fws.gov.
- ^ "Fire Management - St. Vincent - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service". www.fws.gov. Retrieved 25 May 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Permits - St. Vincent - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service". www.fws.gov.
- Hann, John H. (2006). The Native American World Beyond Apalachee. University Press of Florida. ISBN 9-780-8130-2982-5.
- Hann, John H.; McEwan, Bonnie G. (1998). The Apalachee Indians and Mission San Luis. University Press of Florida. ISBN 0-8130-1564-2.
- Milanich, Jerald T. (1995). Florida Indians and the Invasion from Europe (paperback ed.). University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-1636-8.
External links
- Media related to St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge at Wikimedia Commons
- St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge at U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service