Tetelcingo Nahuatl
Tetelcingo Nahuatl | |
---|---|
Mösiehuali̱ | |
Pronunciation | [mɔᵃsⁱeˈwalɪ] |
Native to | Mexico |
Region | Morelos |
Native speakers | (3,500 cited 1990 census)[1] |
Uto-Aztecan
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | nhg |
Glottolog | tete1251 |
Tetelcingo Nahuatl, called Mösiehuali̱ by its speakers, is a
In 1935 William Cameron Townsend published a study of Mösiehuali̱, and a number of other studies have been published since then.
Phonology
Vowels
Tetelcingo Nahuatl has converted the distinction of
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | ɪ ⟨i̱⟩ | ||
Mid | e ⟨e⟩ | o ⟨o⟩ | |
Open | a ⟨a⟩ |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i ⟨i⟩ | u ⟨u⟩ | |
Mid | ⁱe ⟨ie⟩ | ||
Open | ɔᵃ ⟨ö⟩ |
Consonants
Labial | Apical | Palato- alveolar |
Velar | Glottal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Central | Lateral | Unrounded | Rounded | ||||
Nasal
|
m ⟨m⟩ | n ~ ŋ ⟨n⟩
|
|||||
Plosive | p ⟨p⟩ | t ⟨t⟩
|
k ⟨c ~ qu⟩ | kʷ ⟨cu⟩ | |||
Affricate | ts ⟨tz⟩ | tɬ ⟨tl⟩ | tʃ ⟨ch⟩ | ||||
Fricative | w ~ ʋ ~ β ~ v ~ ɸ ~ w̥ ⟨hu/u/b/f⟩ |
s ⟨s⟩ | ʃ ⟨x⟩ | h ~ χ ⟨j⟩ | |||
Approximant | ɾ ⟨r⟩ | ɬ ⟨l⟩
|
j ⟨y⟩ |
Tetelcingo Nahuatl, like many dialects of Nahuatl, does not have voiced obstruent consonants (with one clear exception: the stem /maga/, meaning 'fight' is derived from /maka/ 'give, hit'). Voiced obstruents and other non-native consonants do occur in loanwords from Spanish, however, and there are many such words in the language.[2]
Honorifics
Another striking characteristic of Tetelcingo Nahuatl is the pervasiveness and complexity of its
A few examples are given below, using the orthography of Brewer and Brewer 1962. Where more than one form is listed, the second is more highly honorific.
Stem Meaning | 2nd person sg | 2nd person sg honorific | 3rd person sg | 3rd person sg honorific |
---|---|---|---|---|
pronoun | taja | tejuatzi | yaja | yejuatzi |
one's house | mocal | mocaltzi | ical | tiecal, tiecaltzi |
before | mixpa | mixpantzinco | ixpa | tieixpa, tieixpantzinco |
go | ti̱ya | tomobica | yabi̱ | biloa, mobica |
come | ti̱bitz | ti̱mobicatz, ti̱hualmobica | i̱bitz | biloatz, hualmobica |
notice it, get it (a point) | ti̱qui̱jti̱li̱a | tomojti̱li̱li̱a | qui̱jti̱li̱a | qui̱jti̱lilo |
say it | ti̱qui̱jtoa | tomojtalfi̱a | qui̱jtoa | qui̱jtulo |
References
- ^ Tetelcingo Nahuatl at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ "Spanish loans in Mösiehuali". Archived from the original on 2004-06-23.
External links
- (SIL Mexico) – includes sound recordings
- Mösiehuali̱ Honorifics – includes sound recordings
- Spanish loans in Mösiehuali̱ – includes sound recordings
- Texts in Mösiehuali̱
Literature
- Brewer, Forrest, y Jean G. Brewer. 1962. Vocabulario mexicano de Tetelcingo. Vocabularios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves” 8. México: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.
- Pittman, Richard S. 1948. “Nahuatl honorifics”. International Journal of American Linguistics 14:236-39.
- Pittman, Richard S. 1954. A grammar of Tetelcingo (Morelos) Nahuatl. Language Dissertation 50 (supplement to Language 30).
- Tuggy, David. 1979. “Tetelcingo Nahuatl”. Modern Aztec Grammatical Sketches, 1-140, Ronald W. Langacker, ed. Studies in Uto-Aztecan Grammar, vol. 2. Arlington, TX: Summer Institute of Linguistics and University of Texas at Arlington.
- Tuggy, David. 1981. Electronic version 2008. The transitivity-related verbal morphology of Tetelcingo Nahuatl: an exploration in Space [Cognitive] grammar. UC San Diego doctoral dissertation.