Thiocarbonic acid
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Carbonotrithioic acid
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Systematic IUPAC name
Trithiocarbonic acid | |
Other names
Thiocarbonic acid
Sulfocarbonic acid Trisulfocarbonic acid Dithiocarbon sulfide | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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ChEBI | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.008.931 |
EC Number |
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MeSH | C013321 |
PubChem CID
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UNII | |
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Properties | |
H2CS3 | |
Molar mass | 110.21 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Red oily liquid, yellow solid |
Density | 1.483 g/cm3 (liquid) |
Melting point | −26.8 °C; −16.3 °F; 246.3 K |
Boiling point | 58 °C; 136 °F; 331 K |
Related compounds | |
Related compounds
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Thiocarbonic acid is an
It is often referred to as trithiocarbonic acid so as to differentiate it from other carbonic acids containing sulfur, such as monothiocarbonic O,O-acid S=C(OH)2, monothiocarbonic O,S-acid O=C(OH)(SH), dithiocarbonic O,S-acid S=C(OH)(SH) and dithiocarbonic S,S-acid O=C(SH)2 (see thiocarbonates).
Discovery and synthesis
It was first reported in brief by
Treatment with acids liberates the thiocarbonic acid as a red oil
- K2CS3 + 2 HX → H2CS3 + 2 KX
Both the acid and many of its salts are unstable and decompose via the release of carbon disulfide, particularly upon heating:
- H2CS3 → CS2 + H2S
An improved synthesis involves addition of barium trithiocarbonate to hydrochloric acid at 0 °C. This method provided samples with which many measurement have been made.[1]
Despite its lability, crystals of thiocarbonic acid have been examined by X-ray crystallography, which confirms the anticipated molecular structure of a trigonal–planar central carbon atom. The C-S bond lengths range from 1.69 to 1.77 Å.[4]
Reactions and derivatives
Thiocarbonic acid is
Salts and esters of trithiocarbonic acid are called trithiocarbonates, and they are sometimes called thioxanthates.
Thiocarbonic acid reacts with
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Oxalyl trithiocarbonate
Applications
Thiocarbonic acid currently has no significant applications. Its esters find use in
References
- ^ ISBN 3135262014.
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