Timeline of Portuguese history (Second Dynasty)

This is a historical timeline of Portugal's Second Dynasty.

Second Dynasty: Aviz

1385
- April –
  João I of Portugal acclaimed king by the Portuguese; Castilians
  do not accept this claim.
- August 14 – Battle of Aljubarrota: João I defeats the Castilians and secures the throne.^[1]
1386 -
Treaty of Windsor, an alliance between England and Portugal.^[2]

1415 – João I conquers the city of Ceuta in northern Africa.
1419 –
Madeira Islands discovered by João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz Teixeira
.

1427 – Azores Islands discovered by Diogo Silves.^[5]
1433 – Duarte of Portugal
becomes king.
1434 – Gil Eanes crosses the Bojador Cape: exploration of the African coast begins.
1438 – Afonso V of Portugal becomes king.^[6]
1444/1460 – discovery and settling of Cape Verde islands.
1481 – João II of Portugal
becomes king.
1483 – João II executes Fernando, the third Duke of Braganza, and Diogo, the Duke of Viseu, putting an end to high nobility conspiracies.
1484 –
Congo river
.
1491 – Bartolomeu Dias becomes the first European captain to cross the Cape of Good Hope.
1494 – The Treaty of Tordesillas signed between Spain and Portugal, dividing the colonisable world in two halves.^[7]^[8]
1495 – Manuel I of Portugal becomes king.^[9]
1498 – Vasco da Gama reaches India through navigation around Africa.

1500
- Easter Day – Pedro Álvares Cabral discovers the already inhabited Brazil.
- Diogo Dias discovered an island they named after St Lawrence after the saint on whose feast day they had first sighted the island later known as Madagascar
- Manuel I orders expulsion or conversion of the Portuguese
  Jews
  .
  - Gaspar Corte-Real made his first voyage to Newfoundland, formerly known as Terras Corte-Real.^{[citation needed]}
1502 - Miguel Corte-Real set out for New England in search of his brother, Gaspar.
- João da Nova discovered Ascension Island.
- Fernão de Noronha
  discovered the island which still bears his name.
1503 - On his return from the East, Estevão da Gama discovered Saint Helena Island.
1506 - Tristão da Cunha discovered the island that bears his name. Portuguese sailors landed on Madagascar.
1509 - The
Gulf of Bengal crossed by Diogo Lopes Sequeira. On the crossing he also reached Malacca
.

1510 - Conquest of Goa by Afonso de Albuquerque.
1511 - Conquest of Malacca by Afonso de Albuquerque.
1512 -
Moluccas
.
1513 - The first trading ship to touch the coasts of China, under Jorge Álvares and Rafael Perestrello later in the same year.
1515 - Afonso de Albuquerque captures the Kingdom of Hormuz.
1517 -
Ming Dynasty during the reign of the Zhengde Emperor
.

1521 – João III of Portugal
becomes king.
António Correia captures Bahrain, which is under Portuguese rule until 1602.
1526 -
Jorge de Meneses reaches New Guinea
for the first time.

1542 – Portuguese explorers
António Mota are the first Europeans to land in Japan
.

1557-
pirates who infested the South China Sea
.
- Sebastião of Portugal
  becomes king.

1569
- Plague epidemic in Portugal. 60,000 people die in Lisbon alone.
- Nagasaki, Japan, is open to Portuguese traders.
1570
- Luís de Camões returns to Lisbon from the Orient.
- Goa, in Portuguese India, is attacked by a coalition of Indian forces, but these are defeated by Portuguese Vice-Roy Luís de Ataíde, Count of Atouguia.
1578
- Portuguese troops utterly defeated in Africa, in the battle of Alcácer Quibir ; king Sebastião disappears in the battle never to be seen again.
- Cardinal
  Henrique I of Portugal
  becomes king.
1579 - Cortes in Lisbon.
1580
- Cortes in Almeirim.
- King Cardinal
  Henrique I of Portugal
  dies.

^ "Battle of Aljubarrota | Portugal [1385] | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ "Treaty of Windsor | British-Portugal | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ Cartwright, Mark. "Prince Henry the Navigator". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ "Henry the Navigator | Biography, Facts, Achievements, & Importance | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ "Vikings in paradise: Were the Norse the first to settle the Azores?". www.science.org. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ "Afonso V | king of Portugal | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ "Jun 7, 1494 CE: Treaty of Tordesillas | National Geographic Society". education.nationalgeographic.org. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ Cartwright, Mark. "Treaty of Tordesillas". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
^ "Manuel I | king of Portugal | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-11-20.