William Pogue

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Bill Pogue
NASA astronaut
RankColonel, USAF
Time in space
84d 1h 15m
SelectionNASA Group 5 (1966)
Total EVAs
2
Total EVA time
13h 34m
MissionsSkylab 4
Mission insignia
Skylab 3 insignia
RetirementSeptember 1, 1975
Signature

William Reid "Bill" Pogue (January 23, 1930 – March 3, 2014) was an American

public speaker and author
.

Born and educated in

Oklahoma State University with a Master of Science degree in 1960, he served as mathematics professor at the United States Air Force Academy, and after training at the Empire Test Pilots' School, he was a test pilot whose service included a two-years exchange with the Royal Air Force
(RAF).

During his service as a flight instructor, Pogue was accepted as a trainee astronaut for NASA in 1966. His NASA career included one orbital mission as pilot of Skylab 4, whose crew conducted dozens of in-orbit research experiments and set a duration record of 84 days—the longest crewed flight—that was unbroken in NASA for over 20 years. The mission also had a dispute with ground control over schedule management that news media named The Skylab Mutiny. Pogue retired from the USAF and NASA a few months after he returned from Skylab, after which he taught and wrote about aviation and aeronautics in the U.S. and abroad. Pogue died in 2014, aged 84.

Early life and education

William Pogue was born on January 23, 1930, in Okemah, Oklahoma, to Alex Wallis Pogue (1904–1998) and Margaret Frances Pogue (née McDow; 1906–1994) and he self-identifies as being of Choctaw descent.[1] William had four siblings; two sisters and two brothers.[2]

Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, Oklahoma, with a Master of Science degree in Mathematics.[7]

Career

Flight experience

Pogue was attracted to flying from an early age; he first flew an airplane while in high school.

USAF Thunderbirds as an aerobatics pilot.[13]

Pogue piloted more than 50 types and models of American and British aircraft, and was qualified as a civilian flight instructor. Pogue served in the mathematics department as an assistant professor at the

Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas,[15] from an assignment at Edwards Air Force Base, California, where he had been an instructor at the U.S. Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School since October 1965.[12]

NASA career

Main article: Skylab 4
The Skylab 4 crew, from left: Gibson, Carr and Pogue

In April 1966, Pogue was one of 19 astronauts selected by NASA in

Apollo 19 mission.[25]

Pogue (left) and Gerald Carr disposing of trash bags aboard the Skylab 4

Pogue was the pilot of Skylab 4, the third and final crewed visit to the Skylab Orbital Workshop, from November 16, 1973, to February 8, 1974.[26] At 84 days, 1 hour and 15 minutes, it was the longest crewed flight to that date.[26][27] It held the record for the longest spaceflight until 1978, when the crew of Soviet ship Salyut 6 spent 140 days at the space station.[10] Pogue was accompanied on the 34.5 million miles (55.5×10^6 km) flight by Commander Gerald Carr and science pilot Edward Gibson.[28] As a crew, they completed 56 experiments, 26 science demonstrations, 15 subsystem detailed objectives, and 13 student investigations across 1,214 revolutions of the Earth.[29]

After around six weeks of flight, there were disagreements between crew and ground control.

Skylab mutiny.[30] Pogue later commented that the team was “studying the Sun, the Earth below, and ourselves.”[10] Once radio transmission had resumed, an agreement for the flight to continue; with tensions being significantly diminished.[10] Pogue commented in 1985 that the flight had made him more empathetic, saying “I try to put myself into the human situation, instead of trying to operate like a machine.”[10]

The crew also acquired extensive Earth resources observations data using Skylab's Earth resources experiment package camera and sensor array, and logged 338 hours of operations of the

High Flight Foundation.[35] Pogue logged 7,200 hours of flight time, including 4,200 hours in jet aircraft and 2,000 hours in space flight during his career.[36]

Post-NASA activities

After he retired from NASA, William Pogue was self-employed as an aerospace consultant and a producer of general-interest videos about space flight.[36] In 1985, Pogue wrote a book called How Do You Go to the Bathroom in Space?, answering 187 common questions he received about spaceflight.[37] In 1992, he co-wrote The Trikon Deception, a science-fiction novel, with Ben Bova.[1] He also became a consultant for aircraft manufacturers including Boeing and Martin Marietta, helping to create space station technology.[10] Pogue continuously presented lectures over a 40-year career, working at more than 500 schools and 100 civic clubs.[38]

Personal life

William Pogue married three times; his first marriage was in 1952 to Helen Juanita Dittmar, with whom he had three children.[12][10] The couple later divorced. He married Jean Ann Baird in 1979 and the marriage lasted until Baird's death in 2009.[39] Pogue's last marriage was to Tina, whom he wed in 2012.[40]

Death

During the night of March 3, 2014, at the age of 84, Pogue died from

natural causes at his home in Cocoa Beach, Florida.[41][4][42] His ashes were sent into Earth orbit using Celestis, a memorial rocket service launch on a Falcon Heavy rocket on June 25, 2019.[40][43] A plaque commemorating his life was erected at Sand Springs, Oklahoma.[44]

Special honors

Pogue and his crew members received many awards. Pogue won the Johnson Space Center Superior Achievement Award in 1970.

Gerald P. Carr accepted the 1975 Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy from President Gerald Ford, which was awarded to the Skylab astronauts,[52] who also won the AIAA Haley Astronautics Award in 1975.[53]

William R. Pogue Municipal Airport[b] in Sand Springs, Oklahoma, was named in Pogue's honor in 1974.[54] The Oklahoma Aviation and Space Museum awarded him the Clarence E. Page Memorial Trophy for "making significant and ongoing contributions to the U.S. aviation industry" in February 1989.[55] Page died eight days before the award was presented and Pogue used most of his speech to memorialize Page's life.[55] Pogue was awarded an honorary doctorate of science from Oklahoma Baptist University in 1974.[56] Pogue received the City of New York gold medal[36] and the General Thomas D. White USAF Space Trophy for the same year.[57]

Pogue has been inducted into three

Air Force Outstanding Unit Award.[61]

Bibliography

See also

Notes

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
.

  1. ^ Some sources list Kerwin[19] and others list Pogue as a member of the Apollo 13 support crew.[20][21][22]
  2. ^ FAA Code: OWP; ICAO Code: KOWP

References

  1. ^ a b "Biographical Data Sheet" (PDF). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 1, 2017.
  2. ^ "William Pogue" (PDF). voicesofoklahoma.com (pdf). Archived from the original (PDF) on May 31, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  3. ^ Writer, TIM STANLEY World Staff (March 6, 2014). "High-flying astronaut Bill Pogue never lost his down-home roots". Tulsa World.
  4. ^ a b Stanley, Tim (March 4, 2014). "Sand Springs native, Skylab astronaut Bill Pogue dies at 84". Tulsa World.
  5. ^ "Star Voyager // Skylab Was Once Home to Former Sandite". Tulsa World. September 27, 1995.
  6. ^ "Astronauts and the BSA" (PDF). Boy Scouts of America. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 13, 2018. Retrieved December 20, 2018.
  7. ^ a b "Former Astronaut to Speak Friday". The Tennessean. June 29, 1983. p. 52. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
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  9. ^ Moore, Bill. "Pogue, William Reid". The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i Vitello, Paul (March 10, 2014). "William Pogue, Astronaut Who Staged a Strike in Space, Dies at 84". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 24, 2017. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  11. ^ "Remembering William Reid "Bill" Pogue". National Air and Space Museum. Archived from the original on July 21, 2019. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  12. ^ a b c d e Recer, Paul (November 18, 1973). "Oldest space rookie has distinguished flying career". Biloxi Daily Herald. Houston. Associated Press. p. 3. Archived from the original on August 7, 2018. Retrieved September 2, 2018 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ISBN 978-3-319-51014-9
    . Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  14. ^ Neal, Valerie (March 22, 2014). "Remembering William Reid "Bill" Pogue". Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. Archived from the original on July 21, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
  15. ^ Smith, Lydia (March 12, 2014). "William R. Pogue: Who Was the Man Who Went on Strike in Space?". International Business Times UK. Archived from the original on June 12, 2015. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  16. ^ Thompson, Ronald (April 5, 1966). "19 New Spacemen Are Named". The High Point Enterprise. High Point, North Carolina. p. 2A. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^ Roberts, John A. (October 10, 1968). "3 in Apollo Have 6 Shadows on Ground". The News Journal. Wilmington, Delaware. p. 33. Archived from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ Gleason, Matt (July 20, 2009). "Oklahoma man behind the countdown". Tulsa World – via News OK.
  19. ^ Slayton & Cassutt 1994, p. 251.
  20. ^ Brooks, Grimwood, & Swenson 1979, p. 378.
  21. ^ Orloff 2000, p. 137.
  22. ^ "Oral History Transcript" (PDF) (Interview). Johnson Space Center Oral History Project. Interviewed by Kevin M. Rusnak. Houston, Texas: NASA. July 17, 2000. pp. 12-25–12-26. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 1, 2019.
  23. ^ "MSC 69–56" (PDF) (Press release). Houston, Texas: NASA. August 6, 1969. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  24. ^ Orloff 2000, p. 271.
  25. ^ "Apollo 18 through 20 – The Cancelled Missions". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
  26. ^ a b "Skylab 4 Pilot William Pogue Dies". NASA. March 4, 2014. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  27. ^ "Skylab Crew Returns to American Ground". Statesman Journal. Salem, Oregon. Associated Press. February 11, 1974. p. 18. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  28. ^ "Skylab Astronauts Return Home Safely". The Winona Daily News. Winona, Minnesota. Associated Press. February 8, 1974. p. 1. Archived from the original on February 17, 2019. Retrieved February 17, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  29. ^ Ramsay, Jim (April 22, 1977). "City Official Hear Astronaut Describe Plans". Valley Morning Star. Harlingen, Texas. p. 1. Archived from the original on February 17, 2019. Retrieved February 17, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  30. ^ Broad, William J. (July 16, 1997). "On Edge in Outer Space? It Has Happened Before". The New York Times. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
  31. ^ a b "Skylab Crewman Have Personal Goals". Tucson Daily Citizen. Tucson, Arizona. Enterprise News Service. November 7, 1973. p. 36. Archived from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved February 19, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  32. ^ "Skylab 3 Establishes Stack of Space Marks". Arizona Republic. Phoenix, Arizona. Associated Press. February 9, 1974. p. 8. Archived from the original on February 17, 2019. Retrieved February 17, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  33. ISBN 978-1-85233-407-9
    . Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  34. ^ "Astronauts Pogue, Carr Retire". The Indiana Gazette. Indiana, Pennsylvania. August 25, 1975. p. 23. Archived from the original on February 17, 2019. Retrieved February 17, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  35. ^ Chriss, Nicholas (September 18, 1975). "Astronaut Corps Getting Thinner and Thinner". Florida Today. Cocoa, Florida. p. 11A. Archived from the original on August 4, 2018. Retrieved June 1, 2018 – via Newspapers.com.
  36. ^ a b c d "Astronaut Biography WILLIAM REID POGUE, COLONEL, USAF (RET.) NASA ASTRONAUT (FORMER)" (PDF). NASA. February 1994. Retrieved May 15, 2021.
  37. ^ "An Inside View of Outer Space". The San Francisco Examiner. San Francisco, California. October 27, 1985. p. 138. Archived from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  38. ^ "William R. Pogue, astronaut, dies at 84". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  39. ISBN 9783319510149
    . Retrieved May 3, 2020.
  40. ^ a b "William R. Pogue: Astronaut wrote books, won many awards". Orlando Sentinel. March 22, 2014. Archived from the original on August 7, 2018. Retrieved September 2, 2018.
  41. ^ Paulson, Sarah (March 5, 2014). "NASA astronaut William Pogue, 84, dies". Florida Today. Archived from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
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  43. ^ Mack, Eric (June 23, 2019). "SpaceX Falcon Heavy to launch ashes of an all-star, astronaut and others". CNET. Archived from the original on June 23, 2019. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
  44. ^ "Plaque to honor William Pogue in Sand Springs". tulsaworld.com. June 18, 2014.
  45. ^ "Collier 1970–1979 Recipients". National Aeronautic Association. Archived from the original on July 15, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
  46. ^ "Collier Trophy at Test Range". The Orlando Sentinel. Orlando, Florida. October 3, 1974. p. 21. Archived from the original on May 29, 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2018 – via Newspapers.com.
  47. ^ "NASA Fund Drive Backed by Nixon". Playground Daily News. Fort Walton Beach, Florida. United Press International. March 21, 1974. p. 2. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  48. ^ "Nixon Awards Skylab Medals". The Bridgeport Post. Bridgeport, Connecticut. Associated Press. March 21, 1974. p. 24. Archived from the original on February 2, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  49. ^ "FAI Awards". Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. October 10, 2017. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
  50. ^ "Chicagoans Host Nine Astronauts". The Orlando Sentinel. Orlando, Florida. March 27, 1974. p. 13–A. Archived from the original on September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 26, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
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  52. ^ "For Praises Astronauts, Space Program". Daily Press. Newport News. United Press International. April 12, 1975. p. 23. Archived from the original on July 15, 2019. Retrieved February 13, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
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  55. ^ a b Johnson, James (February 23, 1989). "State Astronaut Cited for Aviation Contribution". News OK. Retrieved February 12, 2019.
  56. ^ "Pogue to Talk at OBU Convention". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. August 11, 1974. p. 7. Archived from the original on February 15, 2019. Retrieved February 15, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  57. ^ "The Gen. Thomas D. White USAF Space Trophy" (PDF). Air Force Magazine. USAF. May 1997. p. 156. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  58. ^ Bentley, Mac (December 4, 2002). "Family lacks paperwork to prove heritage". The Daily Oklahoman. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. p. 5A. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
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  60. ^ Meyer, Marilyn (October 2, 1997). "Ceremony to Honor Astronauts". Florida Today. Cocoa, Florida. p. 2B. Archived from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
  61. ^ "Astronaut to Appear Here". Baxter Bulletin. Mountain Home, Arkansas. February 28, 1980. p. 2. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2019 – via Newspapers.com.

References

External links

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