512th Rescue Squadron
| 512th Rescue Squadron
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | |
|---|---|
| Insignia | |
| 512th Rescue Squadron emblem[a][1] |  |
| 512th Bombardment Squadron emblem[b][2] |  |
The 512th Rescue Squadron is part of the
Sikorsky HH-60G Pave Hawk and the new HH-60W Jolly Green II helicopters training aircrew conducting search and rescue
missions.
The squadron was formed during
V-E Day, the squadron returned to the United States, where it converted to Boeing B-29 Superfortress
bombers, but was inactivated in March 1946.
The squadron was redesignated the 512th Reconnaissance Squadron and activated in 1947 as a weather reconnaissance unit. Except for a brief period of inactivation in the winter of 1948–1949, it continued the reconnaissance mission until February 1951, when it was inactivated and its assets transferred to another squadron.
The squadron returned to the bombardment mission later that year, and upgraded to jet Boeing B-47 Stratojet bombers in 1954. It continued to fly the Stratojet until they were phased out of the Air Force inventory, and the squadron was inactivated in 1965.
The squadron was activated as the 512th Special Operations Squadron in April 1994 and assumed its mission of training helicopter aircrews.
Mission
The squadron mission is to provide trained
Sikorsky HH-60G Pave Hawk crewmembers to United States Air Force helicopter units worldwide.[3]
History
World War II
Background
In early 1942, the
RAF Lydda, Palestine.[4]
North African operations
On 31 October 1942, the 1st Group was dissolved and replaced by a formal
376th Bombardment Group.[5] The 512th Bombardment Squadron was activated as one of its four component squadrons.[1][6] The squadron was originally equipped with a mix of Liberators and Flying Fortresses, but by the end of the year, the B-17s were transferred to Twelfth Air Force and the squadron became an all B-24 unit.[7]
Moving forward to
Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC).[6]
On 1 August 1943, operating from
flak forced the unit to attack targets of opportunity. The squadron was awarded its second DUC for this operation.[6]
Strategic bombing campaign
The squadron moved to
Operation Grapeshot, the spring offensive in Northern Italy. The squadron was withdrawn from combat in April 1945 and left Italy for the United States to re-equip for a role in the Pacific.[1][6]
The squadron arrived at
509th Bombardment Group.[citation needed
]
Weather reconnaissance
The squadron was redesignated the 512th Reconnaissance Squadron and activated at
308th Reconnaissance Group in October, it was not manned before inactivating on 20 September 1948.[1]
The squadron was reactivated at
Fairfield-Suisun Air Force Base, California in February 1949. After drawing its cadre and training with the 2078th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron on various models of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, the squadron moved to Yokota Air Base, Japan in January 1950.[1] Air Weather Service reorganized its weather reconnaissance assets at this time, inactivating the 308th Reconnaissance Group,[12] and reassigning its squadrons to its regional headquarters. This resulted in the assignment of the squadron to the 2143d Air Weather Wing.[1]
The squadron was located at Yokota when the
.50-caliber machine guns in the tail turret, unit WB-29s flew daily missions over enemy-held territory.[13]
From 27 June through 27 December 1950, the squadron flew over 200 combat missions, making over 5,000 weather observations. These missions were "exceptionally hazardous" because of varying weather conditions and exposure to attack over enemy territory. One of the squadron's WB-29s served as an aerial command post and weather station, giving on-the-spot weather data and directions to incoming bombers on the first B-29 strike against North Korean installations. On this and several later such missions, the WB-29 carried
Strategic Air Command
_(2).jpg)
The squadron was redesignated the 512th Bombardment Squadron and reactivated at
376th Bombardment Wing in June 1952.[1]
The squadron moved to
Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio.[1]
During the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, SAC dispersed its B-47s on 22 October. Most dispersal bases were civilian airfields with Reserve or Air National Guard units. B-47s were configured for execution of the Emergency War Order as soon as possible after dispersal.[18] On 24 October SAC went to DEFCON 2, placing all aircraft on alert.[19] On 15 November 1/6 of the dispersed B-47s were recalled to their home bases. The remaining dispersed B-47s and supporting tankers were recalled on 24 November. On 27 November SAC returned to normal alert posture.[20] The squadron continued to train in electronic warfare techniques until beginning to phase down for inactivation in March 1965 with the retirement of the Stratojet from SAC's inventory.[1][15]
Helicopter training
The squadron was activated at
542d Crew Training Wing at Kirtland.[1][21][22] The squadron retained its mission of training helicopter aircrew and participation in special operations contingencies, exercises, and humanitarian rescue helicopter training despite a change to its current name in October 2000.[3]
Lineage
- Constituted as the 512th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 19 October 1942
- Activated on 31 October 1942
- Redesignated 512th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 3 May 1944
- Redesignated 512th Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 23 May 1945
- Inactivated on 26 March 1946
- Redesignated 512th Reconnaissance Squadron, Very Long-Range, Weather on 6 May 1947
- Activated on 23 May 1947
- Inactivated on 20 September 1948
- Activated on 13 February 1949
- Inactivated on 20 February 1951
- Redesignated 512th Bombardment Squadron, Medium on 25 May 1951
- Activated on 1 June 1951
- Inactivated on 15 March 1965
- Redesignated 512th Special Operations Squadron on 25 March 1994
- Activated on 1 April 1994
- Redesignated 512th Rescue Squadron on 6 October 2000[1]
Assignments
- 376th Bombardment Group, 31 October 1942
- 468th Bombardment Group, 10 November 1945 – 26 March 1946
- 376th Reconnaissance Group, 23 May 1947
- Air Weather Service, 16 September 1947
- 308th Reconnaissance Group, 14 October 1947 – 20 September 1948
- 308th Reconnaissance Group, 1 February 1949
- 2143d Air Weather Wing, 14 November 1949 – 20 February 1951
- 376th Bombardment Group, 1 June 1951
- 376th Bombardment Wing, 16 June 1952 – 15 March 1965
- 58th Operations Group, 1 April 1994 – present[1]
Stations
|
|
Aircraft
- Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress (1942)
- Convair B-24 Liberator (1942–1945)
- Boeing B-29 Superfortress (1945, 1949–1951, 1951–1954)
- Boeing RB-29 Superfortress (1949–1951)
- Boeing WB-29 Superfortress (1949–1951)
- Douglas C-47 Skytrain (1949–1950)
- Douglas C-54 Skymaster (1950–1951)
- Boeing B-47 Stratojet (1954–1961)
- Boeing E-47 (later EB-470 Stratojet (1961–1965)
- Bell UH-1N Twin Huey (1994–present)
- Sikorsky HH-60 Pave Hawk (1994–present)[1]
Awards and campaigns
| Award streamer | Award | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Distinguished Unit Citation |
November 1942 – 17 August 1943 | North Africa and Sicily, 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Distinguished Unit Citation | 1 August 1943 | Ploesti, Romania, 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Distinguished Unit Citation | 16 June 1944 | Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
 |
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award |
27 June 1950 – 27 December 1950 | 512th Reconnaissance Squadron[1] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 1994 – 30 June 1995 | 512th Special Operations Squadron[23] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 1998 – 30 June 2000 | 512th Special Operations Squadron[1] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2001 – 30 June 2002 | 512th Rescue Squadron[1] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2002 – 30 June 2003 | 512th Rescue Squadron[1] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2003 – 30 June 2004 | 512th Rescue Squadron[1] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2004 – 30 June 2005 | 512th Rescue Squadron[1] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2007 – 30 June 2008 | 512th Rescue Squadron[1] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2009 – 30 June 2011 | 512th Rescue Squadron[23] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2011 – 30 June 2013 | 512th Rescue Squadron[23] |
|
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | 1 July 2016 – 30 June 2018 | 512th Rescue Squadron[23] |
| Campaign Streamer | Campaign | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Air Offensive, Europe | 31 October 1942 – 5 June 1944 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Air Combat, EAME Theater | 31 October 1942 – 11 May 1945 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Egypt-Libya | 31 October 1942 – 12 February 1943 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Tunisia | 12 November 1942 – 13 May 1943 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Sicily | 14 May 1943 – 17 August 1943 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Naples-Foggia | 18 August 1943 – 21 January 1944 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Anzio | 22 January 1944 – 24 May 1944 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Rome-Arno | 22 January 1944 – 9 September 1944 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Central Europe | 22 March 1944 – 18 April 1945 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Normandy | 6 June 1944 – 24 July 1944 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Northern France | 25 July 1944 – 14 September 1944 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Southern France | 15 August 1944 – 14 September 1944 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
North Apennines | 10 September 1944 – 4 April 1945 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Rhineland | 15 September 1944 – 21 March 1945 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
|
Po Valley | 3 April 1945 – 18 April 1945 | 512th Bombardment Squadron[1] |
 |
UN Defensive | 27 June 1950 – 15 September 1950 | 512th Reconnaissance Squadron[1] |
|
UN Offensive | 16 September 1950 – 2 November 1950 | 512th Reconnaissance Squadron[1] |
|
CCF Intervention | 3 November 1950 – 24 January 1951 | 512th Reconnaissance Squadron[1] |
|
1st UN Counteroffensive | 25 January 1951 – 20 February 1951 | 512th Reconnaissance Squadron[1] |
See also
- List of United States Air Force rescue squadrons
- List of B-47 units of the United States Air Force
- List of B-29 Superfortress operators
- List of Douglas C-47 Skytrain operators
- Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Units of the Mediterranean Theater of Operations
- B-24 Liberator units of the United States Army Air Forces
References
Notes
- Explanatory notes
- ^ Aapproved 13 April 1995.
- base, within border formed by red counter-clockwise stylized rotation lines from tips of propeller blades.
- ^ The aircraft displayed is Consolidated B-24J-30-CO Liberator, serial 42-73278, parked at Enfidaville Airfield, Tunisia in October 1943.
- ^ Both Maurer and Robertson refer to this station as "Tarrant Field". Robertson, Factsheet, 512th Rescue Squadron; Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 616. However, Mueller states that the field was renamed Fort Worth Army Air Field on 29 July 1942 and retained this name until 1948. Mueller, p. 63. Also, elsewhere Maurer gives the station of the parent 468th Group as "Fort Worth AAF." Maurer, Combat Units, p. 344.
- Citations
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av Robertson, Patsy (9 October 2009). "Factsheet 512 Rescue Squadron (AETC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
- ^ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 616
- ^ a b "Factsheet 512th Rescue Squadron". Air Education and Training Command. 31 December 2013. Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
- ^ Rust, pp. 11–12
- ^ Rust, p. 18
- ^ a b c d Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 264–265
- ^ Rust, p. 20
- ^ Cruickshank, p. 81
- ^ Cruickshank, p. 86
- ^ Cruickshank, Target Table, p. 40
- ISBN 1472842014.
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 182–184
- ^ a b c Endicott, pp. 82–83
- ^ Deaile, pp. 175–176
- ^ a b Ravenstein, pp. 200–202
- ^ Narducci, p. 2
- ^ Schake, p. 220 (note 43)
- ^ Kipp, et al., p. 49
- ^ Kipp, et al., p. 35
- ^ Kipp, et al., pp. 53, 61
- ^ Haulman, Daniel L. (2 March 2009). "Factsheet 542 Combat Sustainment Wing (AFMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
- ^ Bailey, Carl E. (27 March 2018). "Factsheet 58 Special Operations Wing (AETC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ^ a b c d "Air Force Personnel Services: Unit Awards". Air Force Personnel Center. Retrieved 26 January 2020. (search)
Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Cruickshank, Earl (June 1944). "The Ploesti Mission of 1 August 1943, USAF Historical Study No. 103" (PDF). Assistant Chief of Staff Intelligence, Historical Division. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
- Deaile, Melvin G. (2007). The SAC Mentality: The Origins of Organizational Culture in Strategic Air Command 1946–1962. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- Endicott, Judy G., ed. (2001). The USAF in Korea, Campaigns, Units and Stations 1950–1953 (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Air Force Historical Research Agency. ISBN 0-16-050901-7. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Futrell, Robert F. (1983). The United States Air Forces in Korea 1950-1953. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.
- Kipp, Robert; Peake, Lynn; Wolk, Herman. "Strategic Air Command Operations in the Cuban Crisis of 1962, SAC Historical Study No. 90 (Top Secret NOFORN, FRD, redacted and declassified)". Strategic Air Command. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. OCLC 72556.
- Mueller, Robert (1989). Air Force Bases, Vol. I, Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-53-6. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Narducci, Henry M. (1988). Strategic Air Command and the Alert Program: A Brief History. Offutt AFB, NE: Office of the Historian, Strategic Air Command. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
- Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
- Rust, Kenn C. (1967). The 9th Air Force in World War II. Fallbrook, CA: Aero Publishers, Inc. LCCN 67-16454.
- Schake, Col Kurt W. (1998). Strategic Frontier: American Bomber Bases Overseas, 1950–1960 (PDF). Trondheim, Norway: Norwegian University of Science and Technology. ISBN 978-8277650241. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
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