Chadderton

Coordinates: 53°32′46″N 2°08′33″W / 53.5462°N 2.1426°W / 53.5462; -2.1426
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Chadderton
Town
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Areas of the town
List
Post townOLDHAM
Postcode districtOL1, OL9
Dialling code0161
PoliceGreater Manchester
FireGreater Manchester
AmbulanceNorth West
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Greater Manchester
53°32′46″N 2°08′33″W / 53.5462°N 2.1426°W / 53.5462; -2.1426

Chadderton is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England, on the River Irk and Rochdale Canal. It is located in the foothills of the Pennines, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Oldham, 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Rochdale and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-east of Manchester.

domestic system
.

Chadderton's urbanisation and expansion coincided largely with developments in

urban district in the United Kingdom. More than 50 cotton mills
had been built in Chadderton by 1914.

Although Chadderton's industries declined in the mid-20th century, the town continued to grow as a result of

suburbanisation and urban renewal. The legacy of the town's industrial past remains visible in its landscape of red-brick cotton mills, now used as warehouses or distribution centres. Some of these are listed buildings because of their architectural, historical and cultural significance.[1][2]

History

Toponymy

The name Chadderton derives from Caderton, which is believed to be a combination of the

-ton meaning a settlement.[4][5][6] The University of Nottingham's Institute for Name-Studies has offered a similar suggestion, that the name Chadderton means "farm or settlement at the hill called Cadeir".[7] This name is believed to date from the 7th century, when Angles colonised the region following the Battle of Chester.[8] It has been suggested that the Anglian settlers found a few Brythonic Celts already inhabiting what is now called Chadderton, and borrowed their name for the hill, "Chadder", adding their own word for a settlement to the end.[9] Archaic spellings include Chaderthon, Chaderton, Chaterton and Chatherton.[10] The first known written record of the name Chadderton is in a legal document relating to land tenure, in about 1220.[5]

Early history

View down a small river, bending to the left, crossed by a wooden footbridge in the middle distance.
Chadderton Fold by the River Irk, the ancient centre of the township of Chadderton, where Dark Age and medieval relics have been discovered

The

hundred of Salford
.

Chadderton is not recorded in the

Norman conquest, Chadderton was made a constituent manor of the wider Royal Estate of Tottington, an extensive fee held by the Norman overlord, Roger de Montbegon.[4][11] Taxation and governance continued on this basis throughout the Middle Ages, with the Barons Montbegon of Hornby Castle holding the estate, until it passed to the Barons Lacy of Clitheroe Castle, and then onto local families.[4] In about 1235, the sub-manor of Chadderton and Foxdenton passed from Richard de Trafford of Trafford Park to Geoffrey de Trafford, who adopted the surname of Chadderton, thus founding the Chadderton family.[6] During the High Middle Ages, pieces of land in Chadderton were granted to religious orders and institutions, including Cockersand Abbey and the Knights Hospitaller.[5]

The

monarchs of England. The Radclyffe, Assheton, and Horton families provided six High Sheriffs of Lancashire and a Governor of the Isle of Man.[14]

Apart from the dignitaries who lived in Chadderton's manor houses, Chadderton's population during the Middle Ages comprised a small community of retainers, most of whom were occupied in farming, either growing and milling of grain and cereal or raising cattle, sheep, pigs and domestic fowl.[6] Workers supplemented their incomes by hand-loom spinning and weaving of wool at home.[4][6] The community was ravaged by an outbreak of the Black Death in 1646.[16]

Textiles and the Industrial Revolution

Further information: List of mills in Chadderton
A five-storey cuboid factory composed of brick and windows. The view is from the ground at one corner of the factory. To the right, appearing from behind the factory, is a tall brick chimney. To the left are trees appearing black, and at their fringe, a square brick tower connected to the factory.
Built in 1926, Elk mill (on the Royton-Chadderton boundary)[17] was one of the UK's largest and most modern cotton mills. It closed in 1998 and was demolished in 1999.

Until the mid-18th century, the region in and around Chadderton was dominated by dispersed agricultural settlements.

urbanisation and cultural transformation in the region; the population increasingly moved away from farming and domestic weaving in favour of the mechanised production of cotton goods.[12]

During this early period of change, Chadderton's parliamentary representation was limited to two

political Radicalism in the region.[22] The Manchester Patriotic Union, a group agitating for parliamentary reform, began to organise a mass public demonstration in Manchester to demand the reform of parliamentary representation. Organised preparations took place, and a spy reported that in neighbouring Thornham, "seven hundred men drilled ... as well as any army regiment would".[24] A few days later, on 3 August, a royal proclamation forbidding the practice of drilling was posted in Manchester.[25] On 16 August 1819, Chadderton (like its neighbours) sent a contingent of its townsfolk to Manchester to join the mass political demonstration now known as the Peterloo Massacre (owing to the 15 deaths and 400–700 injuries which followed).[17][26] Two of the 15 deceased were from the area: John Ashton of Cowhill and Thomas Buckley of Baretrees.[27]

A mahogany-coloured four-storey brick factory is bathed in sunlight in front of a vivid azure sky. The view is from the ground looking up at a corner of the many-windowed cuboid building which is crowned by a tower upon which the text KENT appears in white lettering. In the foreground is a tarmac street leading the factory's entrance.
Kent Mill was built in 1908 and was part of the Courtaulds Group. It closed in 1991, and was demolished in 1994.[13]

New markets in Europe and South America increased the demand for Britain's cheap cotton goods. Supplies of raw cotton were exported from

Philip Stott was a Chadderton-born architect, civil engineer and surveyor of cotton mills. Stott's mills in Chadderton were some of the largest to be built in the United Kingdom, multiplying the town's industrial capacity and in turn increasing its population and productivity.[38]

View down a street of two-storey brick-built terraced houses.
A consequence of Chadderton's industrial development was its transformation from a rural manor to a densely populated working class town, with extensive areas of terraced housing.

The

Second World Wars each contributed to periods of economic decline. As imports of cheaper foreign yarns and textile goods increased during the mid-20th century, Chadderton's textile sector declined to a halt; cotton spinning reduced dramatically in the 1960s and 1970s and by 1997 only two mills were operational.[20] In spite of efforts to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of its production, the last cotton was spun in the town in 1998.[17][40] Many of the redundant mills have now been demolished. Non-textile based industries continued on throughout the 20th century and into the 21st century, particularly in the form of aircraft and chemical manufacture at plants in south Chadderton and Foxdenton respectively.[6]

Post-industrial history

During the second half of the 20th century, Chadderton experienced accelerated

Trinity Mirror.[6][40]

Governance

A white shield upon which emblems of two red roses and two red griffins appear at alternate corners. A black five-pointed star is in the centre of the shield's design between two black diagonal lines. Around the shield are red and white ribbons in a symmetrical design. Above the shield is a silver-coloured knight's helmet surmounted by grey anvil upon which a vivid azure-coloured eagle is perched, holding a grey shuttle. Below the shield is the motto "LABOR OMNIA VINCIT".
The coat of arms of the former Chadderton Urban District Council, granted by the College of Arms on 9 September 1955. The arms are emblematic of the history of Chadderton, incorporating in its design emblems from ancient manorial families, as well as symbols of industry.[46] The motto at bottom means "Labour Conquers Everything".[47]

Lying within the

hundred of Salford for civil jurisdiction, but for manorial government, Chadderton was a constituent manor of the Fee of Tottington, whose overlords were the de Lacys, Barons of Clitheroe Castle.[11] The de Chaddertons, Lords of the Manor of Chadderton, were accustomed to pay tax to the overlords until the division of Tottington.[11][48] In 1507, two constables were appointed to uphold law and order in Chadderton.[49] Following a court case, in 1713 it was agreed that 20 acres (8 ha) of Northmoor be within Chadderton with the rest belonging to Oldham.[50]

Following the

local authority was a local board of health established in 1873; Chadderton Local Board of Health was a regulatory body responsible for standards of hygiene and sanitation in the township. Following the Local Government Act 1894, the area of the local board became the Chadderton Urban District, a local government district within the administrative county of Lancashire.[51] The urban district council, comprising 18 members, would later be based out of Chadderton Town Hall, a purpose built municipal building opened in 1913.[47] In 1933, there were exchanges of land with the neighbouring Municipal Borough of Middleton and City of Manchester.[51]

Chadderton was the second most populous

wards of the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham: Chadderton North, Chadderton Central and Chadderton South.,[55] with some small peripheral areas lying in the neighbouring wards of Royton North, Coldhurst, Hollinwood, Werneth and Failsworth East.[56]

In terms of parliamentary representation, Chadderton after the

radicals William Cobbett and John Fielden.[57] Winston Churchill was the MP between 1900 and 1906.[58] Constituency boundaries changed during the 20th century, and Chadderton has lain within the constituencies of Middleton and Prestwich (1918–1950) and Oldham West (1950–1997). Since 1997, Chadderton has lain within Oldham West and Royton. It is represented in the House of Commons by Jim McMahon, a member of the Labour Party
.

Geography

Further information: Geography of Greater Manchester
A view of a busy townscape, in which the land is urban and the scene is banal. The weather is overcast and the cloudy sky appears light-grey. In the foreground is a dark-grey tarmac dual-carriageway road, which sweeps up the middle of the photograph to its centrepoint. All around the road are two-storey red-brick houses. On the left-side of the midground are three large red-brick factories of around five-storeys high. On the horizon is a towerblock.
Chadderton has a post-industrial landscape which forms a continuous urban area with Oldham (pictured on the horizon) and Manchester. This view is over Broadway in central Chadderton.

At 53°32′46″N 2°8′33″W / 53.54611°N 2.14250°W / 53.54611; -2.14250 (53.5462°, −2.1426°), and 165 miles (266 km) north-northwest of

third largest conurbation, on undulating land rising from 300 feet (91 m) above sea level in the west to 450 feet (137 m) in the east. Chadderton Heights, on the hillier northern edge of the town, is its highest point at 509 feet (155 m).[10]

The climate in the area, like most of northwest Europe,

maritime temperate, with significant precipitation throughout the year, averaging 1047 mm annually.[62] The average annual temperature is 9.7 °C.[62]

Chadderton's modern commercial centre lies close to the boundary with Oldham; the expansion of Oldham in the mid-19th century caused urbanisation along the eastern boundary of Chadderton, which spread outwards into the rest of the township.

urban areas, suburbs and semi-rural locations in Chadderton, but overwhelmingly the land use in the town is urban. The soils of Chadderton are sand based, with subsoils of clay and gravel.[10]

Chadderton's built environment is distinguished by its former textile factories: "The huge flat-topped brick mills with their square towers and their tall circular chimneys dwarf all other buildings."[63] Rows of early-20th century terraced housing built to house Chadderton's factory workers are a common type of housing stock throughout the town; narrow streets pass through these older housing areas.[6]

Chadderton is contiguous with other settlements on all sides, including a shared boundary with the city of Manchester to the southwest.[4]

Localities within Chadderton include

Middleton Junction, Mills Hill, Nimble Nook, Nordens, Stock Brook, Whitegate and White Moss.[10][13][17][64] Chadderton Fold, the former centrepoint of Chadderton, lies on the banks of the River Irk, 1.3 miles (2 km) north-northwest of Chadderton's modern commercial centre. Hollinwood, in pre-industrial times, was a moor or common of Chadderton, but was largely incorporated into neighbouring Oldham following a court case in 1713.[10] In the mid-18th century a village emerged at Hollinwood along the common border of Oldham and Chadderton, and there were further exchanges of land at Hollinwood between Oldham Borough and Chadderton township in 1880.[65] "Chadderton (Detached)" was, as its name implies, a detached area or exclave of Chadderton. Lying under Copster Hill in Oldham and including the area now known as Garden Suburb, its area was absorbed into neighbouring Oldham in 1880.[66][67]

Demography

Further information: Demographics of Greater Manchester
Chadderton compared
2001 UK census Chadderton[68] Oldham (borough)[69] England
Total population 33,001 217,273 49,138,831
White 94.4% 86.1% 90.9%
Asian 3.8% 11.9% 4.6%
Black 0.5% 0.6% 2.3%

According to the

United Kingdom Census 2001, Chadderton (urban-core and sub-area) had a total resident population of 33,001.[70] The population density was 8,669 inhabitants per square mile (3,347/km2), with a 100 to 95.4 female-to-male ratio.[71] Of those over 16 years old, 27.2 per cent were single (never married) 44.5 per cent married, and 8.5 per cent divorced.[72] Chadderton's 13,698 households included 28.8 per cent one-person, 38.7 per cent married couples living together, 8.9 per cent co-habiting couples, and 10.3 per cent single parents with their children.[73] Of those aged 16–74, 35.6 per cent had no academic qualifications.[74]

At the 2001 UK census, 81.1 per cent of Chadderton's residents reported themselves as being Christian, 3.2 per cent Muslim, 0.5 per cent Hindu, 0.1 per cent Buddhist, and 0.1 per cent Sikh. The census recorded 8.7 per cent as having no religion, 0.1 per cent had an alternative religion and 6.3 per cent did not state their religion.[75]

Chadderton's population has been described as broadly working class with pockets of lower middle class communities, particularly in the northeast of the town, near the border with Royton.[76] Parts of the town are relatively affluent compared to the wider Metropolitan Borough of Oldham.[42]

Population growth in Chadderton since 1901
Year 1901 1911 1921 1931 1939 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Population 24,892 28,299 28,721 27,450 30,571 31,124 32,568 32,450 33,518 34,026 33,001 34,818
Urban District 1901–1971[77]  • Urban Subdivision 1981–2001[78][79][80]

Economy

A three-storey building composed of glass windows and grey concrete stands across from a tarmac road and in front of a clear blue sky. A road passing horizontally in the foreground is divided by a pavement and metal barriers. The building's entrance appears central and is flanked by mirrored-glass windows and is marked by a red sign with the text BAE SYSTEMS.
BAE Systems had a manufacturing plant in south Chadderton. The plant occupied the former Avro aircraft factory which produced over 3,000 Avro Lancaster bombers during the Second World War.

Up until the 18th century, the inhabitants of Chadderton raised domestic farm animals, supplementing their incomes by the spinning and weaving wool in the

domestic system. Primitive coal mining was established by the 17th century, and the factory system adopted in the late-18th century.[6] During the Victorian era, Chadderton's economy was heavily dependent on manufacturing industries, especially the spinning of cotton, but also the weaving of silk and production of hats.[20][35] By the 20th century the landscape was covered with over 50 cotton mills.[6] Industries ancillary to these sectors, including coal mining, brick making, mechanical engineering, and bleaching and dyeing were present.[20] Chadderton developed an extensive coal mining sector auxiliary to Chadderton's cotton industry and workforce. Coal was transported out of the township via the Rochdale Canal. The amount of coal was overestimated however, and production began to decline even before that of the local spinning industry; Chadderton's last coal mine closed in 1920.[81]

Since the

deindustrialisation of the region in the mid-20th century, these industries have been replaced by newer sectors and industries,[20] although many of the civic developments that accompanied industrialisation remain in the form of public buildings; a town hall, public baths and library.[6] The few surviving cotton mills are now occupied by warehousing and distribution companies, or used as space for light industry.[82]

British aircraft manufacturer Avro built a factory in south Chadderton in 1938–39,[20][83] later known as BAE Chadderton. It was one of the largest employers in the area, producing a variety of aircraft models including Ansons, Manchesters and Bristol Blenheims.[83] During the Second World War, 3,050 Avro Lancaster bombers were built at the Chadderton factory—over 40 per cent of the Royal Air Force's fleet.[20][84] Post World War Two the Avro Vulcan was designed and built, as well as the Avro Shackleton and Avro Lincoln. After the Aircraft and Shipbuilding Industries Act 1977, Avro became part of the nationalised British Aerospace (now BAE Systems) and produced commercial aircraft for Boeing and Airbus.[85][86] It closed in 2012.[87]

Chadderton has been described as a "relatively prosperous town ... which makes it a popular residential area".

Shop Direct Group.[92] The centre (formerly Elk Mill Retail Park),[93] is a retail park located at the start of the A627(M) motorway.[64]

Landmarks

chairman of Chadderton Urban District Council. The architectural style was intended to have "a broad and strong treatment of the English Renaissance".[47] It features "charming gardens and a beautifully renovated ballroom".[94] English Heritage granted it Grade II listed status in July 2013.[95] Since 2007, Chadderton Town Hall has housed the Oldham Register Office, the civil registration authority for the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham.[96][97] It is a licensed venue for marriage ceremonies, and holds records of births, marriages and deaths which have taken place in what is now the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham from 1837 to the present.[97]

A two-storey brick-built mansion in its own well-kept garden of green grass. The ground floor has six windows – three on each side of a wooden front door. The second floor has seven windows. The house has a grey slate roof surmounted by two small brick chimneys. Behind the house are leafless trees and behind those, a clear blue sky.
The Grade II* listed building 18th century Foxdenton Hall, a former manor house and mansion, with public gardens. It has been fully restored.

Foxdenton Hall is a two-storey

Lords of the Manor with the Asshetons of Chadderton, through marriage. This Foxdenton Hall was demolished to make way for a second Hall, built in 1620. The ground floor of that second Hall now forms the basement of the present Hall, built in 1700.[99] The building is described as "a dignified early Georgian house, particularly rare in this part of the country".[98] The Radclyffes moved out of Foxdenton Hall in the late 18th century, favouring properties they had purchased in Dorset, although they still maintained ownership.[99] Foxdenton Hall and the adjoining Foxdenton Park were leased to Chadderton Council by the Radclyffes in 1922, when they opened to the public. In 1960 the council took over ownership of the Hall, by which time it was in a state of disrepair. Following protest about funding and the condition of the building, Foxdenton Hall was restored in 1965.[100]

Chadderton War Memorial is located outside Chadderton Town Hall, and was originally erected "in honour of the men of Chadderton who made the supreme sacrifice and in grateful remembrance of all who served their county" during the

Second World War. It is a granite obelisk fronted by three steps. At the front on a short plinth stands a bronze figure of an ordinary soldier, holding a rifle in his right hand. It was designed by Taylor and Simister and sculpted by Albert Toft. Chadderton War Memorial was commissioned by the Chadderton War Memorial Committee and unveiled on 8 October 1921 by Councillor Ernest Kempsey.[101]

local authority, and was opened to the public in 1956. It was awarded Green Flag status in 2006.[102][104]

Transport

M60 motorway
run in parallel.

Public transport in Chadderton is co-ordinated by Transport for Greater Manchester (TfGM), a county-wide public body with direct operational responsibilities, such as supporting (and in some cases running) local bus services and managing integrated ticketing in Greater Manchester.

Roads

Major

M60 motorway skirts the south of Chadderton, near Hollinwood.[6] The section of the M60 through Chadderton was opened in autumn 2000.[105]

Railway

Chadderton is served by two railway stations, just outside its western boundary: Mills Hill railway station, at its border with Middleton, and Moston railway station, at its border with New Moston, Manchester.[citation needed]

The

Middleton Junction and Oldham Branch Railway was routed through Chadderton. Middleton Junction railway station was within the town limits. Opened on 31 March 1842, it closed in 1966. On 12 August 1914, Chadderton goods and coal depot was opened. The depot was at the end of a 1097 yards long branch which came off the Middleton Junction to Oldham line at Chadderton Junction.[106] The line from Chadderton Junction to Oldham Werneth was closed on 7 January 1963, but Chadderton goods and coal depot remained open for a period.[107] Electric tramways to and from Middleton opened in 1902. Tram services ran along Middleton Road and terminated in Chadderton. The final tram ran in 1935.[108]

The

Manchester Victoria to Rochdale, via Oldham. South Chadderton, Freehold and Hollinwood were part of the conversion to Metrolink.[109][110] Proposals to extend the Metrolink system through Chadderton were announced in January 2016; the proposed link would add a spur between Westwood tram stop and Middleton with the line continuing to the Bury line near Bowker Vale.[111]

Buses

The majority of the bus services in Chadderton are operated by First Greater Manchester, who run services 24, 58, 59, 181 and 182, which provide frequent services from Chadderton town centre to Middleton, Oldham and Shaw, with other services running to Manchester, Royton and Rochdale. Manchester Community Transport run services 159 and 419 linking the town centre with Oldham, Middleton, Hollinwood, Woodhouses, Failsworth, New Moston, Werneth and Ashton-under-Lyne.[citation needed] Service 415 links the Cowhill and Nimble Nook areas of Chadderton with Middleton and Oldham, while services 81 and 81a operate through South Chadderton providing services to Manchester via Moston and to Oldham, Holts and Derker. These services are operated by First Greater Manchester.[64][112]

In the North Chadderton area, Rosso operate service 412 to Middeton via Mills Hill and Boarshaw and to Oldham via Royton while First Bus operate service 149 from Park Estate to North Manchester General Hospital via Oldham, Hollinwood and Blackley.[citation needed]

In the

Cheetham Hill and Salford Quays.[citation needed] Citibus was a Chadderton-based commercial bus operator serving Greater Manchester, launched in 1986. It competed with the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive until 1995, when it was bought-out by GM Buses North, in what is now First Manchester.[113]

Education

Further information: List of schools in Oldham

An old style

Baptist church.[114] Further schoolrooms from this period were found at Cowhill Methodist Church and Washbrook Methodist Church, opened in 1855 and 1893 respectively.[115]

Chadderton Grammar School was the first new style co-educational grammar school opened by

Blessed John Henry Newman RC College opened in 2011 on the Broadway site previously occupied by The Radclyffe School.[citation needed
]

Religion

See also: List of churches in Greater Manchester
An angular taupe-coloured church on a bright sunny day. The church fills the image with the exception of a flat piece of green grass and grey pavement at the church's entrance and the dark green silhouette of trees along the left of the picture. The single-storey church has many small slitted triangular and rectangular windows across its façade, except for a dark rectangular entrance in which a man stands. At the far end of the church is a triangular spire standing tall and bold against a light blue sky at around six or seven times the height of a man.
The Anglican Parish Church of St Mark was built between 1960 and 1963. It is one of several churches serving Chadderton and is a Grade II listed building.
An orange-brick church perched on a shallow hillside in a daytime scene in which the sky appears white. The triangular stone windows of the two-storey church are clear, as are the grounds in the church's proximity. The grounds are composed of green grass, light grey stone pathways, brown brick fencing and green trees overhanging the church.
Healds Green Methodist Church lies on the lane between Chadderton Fold and Chadderton Heights and was founded in 1865.

Chadderton had no medieval church of its own,

Middleton St Leonard's, and Prestwich St Mary's. The route of some of the ancient paths to these churches is preserved in the modern layout of some of the town's roads.[119]

Chadderton's first established church was St Margaret of Antioch which was consecrated in 1769 at Hollinwood, however late 19th century boundary changes means it now lies within neighbouring Oldham.[120][121]

The New Parishes Act 1844 allowed for the creation of a parish for Chadderton, dedicated to St

steeple was added in 1881.[122] Following the construction of this church, four followed. There are now several Anglican parishes, and within them daughter and mission churches, serving the town.[118] The parish of St Matthew united with the neighbouring parish of St Luke, and the United Benefice of St Matthew with St Luke now lies within the Oldham West Deanery of the Diocese of Manchester.[124] The parish of Christ Church, founded in 1870, which also contains the church of St Saviour's and Crossley Christian Centre, is one of the largest numerically in the township and lies on the border with Werneth. The parish of Emmanuel, now meeting in the St George's building on Broadway, was originally part of Christ Church parish. Also within this deanery is the Parish Church of St Mark, built in the early 1960s. It is a blue brick building with a graduated slate pitched roof, and a rectangular brick steeple with a high gabled roof.[125] It was granted Grade II listed building status in 1998.[125]

In addition to the

Congregationalism were built during the 19th and 20th centuries.[118] Washbrook Methodist Church and School at Butler Green was built in 1868, but was demolished around 1970 to be replaced by South Chadderton Methodist Church formed from the amalgamation of five Methodist congregations.[126]

Chadderton forms part of the

Roman Catholic Parish of Corpus Christi was founded in Chadderton in 1878, following immigration to the region by Irish Catholics fleeing the Great Famine. A combined school and church was opened in 1904.[127] A further Catholic parish for Chadderton, dedicated to Saint Herbert, was created in 1916.[127] Its first mass was held on 1 July 1916, the day the Battle of the Somme began.[127]

Chadderton also has a large mosque to provide for the growing Muslim sector of the community. This is namely Chadderton Shahparan Central Mosque & Islamic Centre, and is located at 209–211 Bamford Street. The mosque has a large visitor capacity, and is open all throughout the day for quiet contemplation & other religious duties. The mosque is looked after by its own individual, specialist Mosque Committee.[citation needed]

Sport

Steve Jones.[128] Mark Owen of pop group Take That briefly played for the club.[128] Chaddertonians A.F.C. were formed in 1937 and currently play in the Lancashire Amateur League.[129] Chadderton Park F.C. is an amateur football club founded in 1977.[130] Oldham Borough F.C., formerly Oldham Dew and Oldham Town, were a Chadderton-based North West Counties League football club formed in 1964. They played at Nordens Road, Chadderton before moving to the Whitebank Stadium
in Oldham in the early 1990s.

An earlier, but short-lived, version of Chadderton F.C. briefly played in the Manchester Football League in the early part of the 20th century. Joining the league in the 1905–06 season, the club ran into serious difficulties and were unable to complete the season. The club's record for the season was expunged.[131]

The Art Nouveau Chadderton Baths was a public swimming facility opened in 1937.[6] Henry Taylor, the British Olympic freestyle swimming triple gold medallist and champion was an attendant at Chadderton Baths, where many of his awards were displayed.[132][133] Chadderton Baths were closed indefinitely in 2006 after a structural survey found faults which could have put the public at risk.[134] Chadderton Sports Centre, built onto the baths, was closed and replaced by the Chadderton Wellbeing Centre in January 2010. An application to demolish the baths was made in March 2011,[135] but is now in private ownership with conversion work due soon. The Wellbeing Centre is a multi-purpose facility with a swimming pool, dance studio, library, gym, meeting rooms and café.[136]

Public services

The front of a red-brick two-storey structure that is viewed from the ground upwards. It has a complex facade of four Dutch gables with many windows at regular intervals.
The original Chadderton Police Station on Victoria Street. Greater Manchester Police now use a newer building at Broadgate in southern Chadderton.
Three massive grey-taupe coloured funnels dominate the scene in which there is a flat piece of green grass in the foreground, red-brick housing in the midground, and behind them in the background the industrial funnels against a white sky. The funnels appear three or four times the size of the row of terraced properties in the midground, and stand independently of each other. Associated with them are two chimneys standing at similar height and a control building in the hazey distance.
Chadderton Power Station opened in 1955 and was demolished in 1986.

Policing in Chadderton is provided by the Greater Manchester Police. The force's "(Q) Division" has its headquarters for policing the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham in central Oldham. Greater Manchester Police have two stations in Chadderton: a Victorian building in central Chadderton, and a modern purpose-built station at Broadgate in southern Chadderton.[137][138] Statutory emergency fire and rescue service is provided by the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service, who have a fire station in Chadderton, on Broadway.[139]

There are no hospitals in Chadderton—the nearest are in the larger settlements of Oldham and Rochdale—but some local health care is provided by Chadderton Town and South Chadderton health centres which are commissioned by NHS Oldham. The North West Ambulance Service provides emergency patient transport in the area. Other forms of health care are provided for locally by several small specialist clinics and surgeries.[citation needed]

Chew.[143] A sewage treatment works is located in the southwest of Chadderton, at Foxdenton. It opened in 1898.[6]

A

National Grid made the power station redundant in 1982.[147] It was sold by the Central Electricity Generating Board in 1984, and demolished in 1986.[144][148] Chadderton's distribution network operator for electricity is United Utilities.[142]

Notable people

See also:
List of people from Oldham

People from Chadderton are called Chaddertonians. Historically, Chadderton was chiefly distinguished by the presence of

Authorised King James Version of the Bible).[14] John Ashton of Cowhill and Thomas Buckley of Baretrees in Chadderton were two victims of the Peterloo Massacre in 1819.[10][20] Samuel Collins, 'The Bard Of Hale Moss', was a 19th-century poet and radical who lived at Hale Moss in southern Chadderton.[149]

Hush.[162]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ Historic England, "Manor Mill (1244330)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 22 December 2008
  2. ^ Historic England, "Chadderton Mill (1376626)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 22 December 2008
  3. ^ James, Alan. "A Guide to the Place-Name Evidence" (PDF). SPNS – The Brittonic Language in the Old North. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 7.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 3.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Chadderton Area Plan (PDF), oldham.gov.uk, January 2004, archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2009, retrieved 20 December 2008
  7. ^ University of Nottingham's Institute for Name-Studies, Chadderton, nottingham.ac.uk, retrieved 17 June 2008
  8. ^ Ballard 1986, pp. 11–12.
  9. ^ a b Bateson 1949, p. 3
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Brownbill & Farrer 1911, pp. 115–121.
  11. ^ a b c Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 4.
  12. ^ a b McNeil & Nevell 2000, p. 2.
  13. ^
    ISBN 978-1-84151-159-7
  14. ^ a b c d e Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 5.
  15. ^ Horn, Smith & Mussett 2004, pp. 37–42.
  16. ^ Bateson 1949, p. 41.
  17. ^
    ISBN 978-1-84784-157-5
  18. ^ a b McNeil & Nevell 2000, p. 29.
  19. ^ a b c d e Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 6.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 8.
  21. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 63.
  22. ^ a b Frangopulo 1977, p. 30.
  23. ^ Cole & Postgate 1946, p. 214.
  24. ^ McPhillips 1997, pp. 22–23.
  25. ^ Reid 1989, p. 125.
  26. ^ Marlow 1969, p. 95.
  27. ^ Marlow 1969, pp. 150–151.
  28. ^ Aspin 1981, p. 4.
  29. ^ Gurr & Hunt 1998, p. 5.
  30. ^ a b c Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 7.
  31. ^ a b Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 27.
  32. ^ McPhillips 1997, p. 13
  33. ^ Norwich 2004, p. 497.
  34. ^ Gurr & Hunt 1998, pp. 4–5.
  35. ^ a b c d Lewis 1848, pp. 538–542.
  36. ^ "Heritage; The History of Oldham; Oldham History", Internet Archive, visitoldham.co.uk, archived from the original on 6 August 2007, retrieved 11 September 2009
  37. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 44.
  38. ^ Gurr & Hunt 1998, p. 17.
  39. ^ Aspin 1981, pp. 29–31.
  40. ^ a b c "Chadderton", Internet Archive, visitoldham.co.uk, archived from the original on 23 January 2008, retrieved 11 September 2009
  41. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 3.
  42. ^ a b Urbanism, Environment and Design (URBED) (April 2004), Oldham Beyond; A Vision for the Borough of Oldham (PDF), Oldham.gov.uk, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 November 2007, retrieved 24 December 2008
  43. ^ a b Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 8.
  44. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 10.
  45. ^ "BAE Chadderton, birthplace of Lancaster bomber, closes", BBC News, 2 March 2012, archived from the original on 4 March 2012, retrieved 23 May 2012
  46. ^ Briggs 1971, p. 100.
  47. ^ a b c Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 31.
  48. ^ Brownbill & Farrer 1911, pp. 143–150.
  49. ^ Daly, p. 29.
  50. ^ Local Notes and Gleanings: Oldham and Neighborhood in Bygone Times, Published 1888 |Retrieved 30 March 2016
  51. ^ a b c Greater Manchester Gazetteer, Greater Manchester County Record Office, Places names – C, archived from the original on 18 July 2011, retrieved 17 June 2008
  52. ^ Bateson 1949, p. 209.
  53. ^ Tourist Information in Oldham, oldham.gov.uk, archived from the original on 6 March 2007, retrieved 1 May 2007
  54. ^ Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Local Government Act 1972. 1972 c.70.
  55. ^ Oldham Council, Interactive Planning Map, oldham.gov.uk, archived from the original on 8 March 2008, retrieved 30 July 2008
  56. ^ "FreeUK – Customer information". freeuk.com. 1 November 2017. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013.
  57. ^ Great Britain Historical GIS Project (2004), "Descriptive Gazetteer Entry for Oldham", A vision of Britain through time, University of Portsmouth, archived from the original on 14 November 2007, retrieved 2 November 2007
  58. ^ The Churchill Centre (14 October 2008), Churchill's Elections, winstonchurchill.org, archived from the original on 2 October 2009, retrieved 11 September 2009
  59. United Kingdom Census 2001, statistics.gov.uk, archived from the original
    (PDF) on 26 March 2009, retrieved 13 September 2007
  60. United Kingdom Census 2001, statistics.gov.uk, archived from the original
    on 5 February 2009, retrieved 24 December 2007
  61. ISSN 1027-5606. Archived from the original on 10 February 2017. (direct: Final Revised Paper Archived 3 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
    )
  62. ^ a b "Climate: Chadderton". climate-data.org. Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
  63. ^ Aspin 1981, p. 1.
  64. ^ a b c d Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive (2010), Network Maps: Oldham (PDF), gmpte.com, retrieved 28 January 2010[permanent dead link]
  65. ^ A new and comprehensive gazetteer of England and Wales, illustr. by a series of maps. 4 vols. [in 2], James Bell,Published 1836, Original from Oxford University, Digitized 16 March 2007
  66. ^ "The parish of Prestwich with Oldham: Chadderton – British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 19 September 2013.
  67. ^ "The parish of Prestwich with Oldham: Oldham – British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 25 May 2011.
  68. ^ "Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area", ons.gov.uk, Office for National Statistics, KS06 Ethnic group , 22 July 2004, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 5 August 2008
  69. United Kingdom Census 2001, statistics.gov.uk, archived
    from the original on 13 June 2011, retrieved 20 December 2008
  70. United Kingdom Census 2001, statistics.gov.uk, archived from the original
    on 5 February 2009, retrieved 29 July 2008
  71. ^ "Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area", ons.gov.uk, Office for National Statistics, KS01 Usual resident population , 22 July 2004, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 20 September 2008
  72. ^ "Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area", ons.gov.uk, Office for National Statistics, KS04 Marital status , 22 July 2004, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 31 August 2008
  73. ^ "Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area", ons.gov.uk, Office for National Statistics, KS20 Household composition , 22 July 2004, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 20 December 2008
  74. ^ "Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area", ons.gov.uk, Office for National Statistics, KS13 Qualifications and students , 22 July 2004, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 5 August 2008
  75. ^ "Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area", ons.gov.uk, Office for National Statistics, KS07 Religion , 22 July 2004, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 20 December 2008
  76. ^ Criddle & Waller 2002, p. 602.
  77. ^ Great Britain Historical GIS Project (2004), "Chadderton UD through time. Population Statistics. Total Population", A vision of Britain through time, University of Portsmouth, archived from the original on 5 January 2012, retrieved 20 December 2008
  78. ^ 1981 Key Statistics for Urban Areas GB Table 1, Office for National Statistics, 1981
  79. ^ 1991 Key Statistics for Urban Areas, Office for National Statistics, 1991
  80. ^ "Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area", ons.gov.uk, Office for National Statistics, KS01 Usual resident population , 22 July 2004, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 20 December 2008
  81. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 45.
  82. ^ Hyde, O'Rourke & Portland 2004, p. 117
  83. ^ a b Stratton & Trinder 2000, p. 76.
  84. ^ a b Manchester City Council, Oldham, spinningtheweb.org.uk, archived from the original on 24 May 2012, retrieved 20 December 2008
  85. ^ Commons Hansard: 26 Feb 2004 : Column 154WH, parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk, 26 February 2004, archived from the original on 4 June 2011, retrieved 23 December 2008
  86. ^ Harrison, Michael (28 November 2001), 1,700 jobs axed as BAE quits the regional aircraft industry, independent.co.uk, retrieved 2 January 2009[dead link]
  87. ^ "BAE Chadderton, birthplace of Lancaster bomber, closes", BBC News, 2 March 2012, retrieved 13 October 2019
  88. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 38.
  89. ^ McSmith, Andy (30 July 2008), "Thousands of passports and visas stolen from van", The Independent, London, archived from the original on 8 April 2009, retrieved 2 January 2009
  90. ^ Barker, Janice (29 July 2008), 3,000 passports stolen from van, oldham-chronicle.co.uk, archived from the original on 24 July 2011, retrieved 24 December 2008
  91. ^ Leroux, Marcus (31 July 2008), Passport theft police 'arrest delivery man', London: timesonline.co.uk, archived from the original on 4 June 2011, retrieved 2 January 2009
  92. ^ Workers shocked as 475 jobs are axed, thisislancashire.co.uk, 16 June 2004, archived from the original on 12 November 2014, retrieved 26 December 2008
  93. ^ "New superstore has everything – but food", Oldham Advertiser, M.E.N. Media, 31 January 2007, archived from the original on 13 September 2012, retrieved 27 July 2008
  94. ^ Oldham Council, Chadderton Town Hall, oldham.gov.uk, archived from the original on 29 June 2008, retrieved 20 December 2008
  95. ^ Historic England. "Chadderton Town Hall and associated walls and walled garden, Middleton Road, Chadderton (Grade II) (1404904)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  96. ^ Greer, Stuart (4 July 2007), "Wedding bells ring out again", Oldham Advertiser, M.E.N. Media, archived from the original on 22 September 2012, retrieved 20 December 2008
  97. ^ a b Oldham Council, Births, Marriages and Deaths, oldham.gov.uk, archived from the original on 19 November 2008, retrieved 20 December 2008
  98. ^ a b Historic England, "Foxdenton Hall (1356429)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 24 February 2008
  99. ^ a b Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 12.
  100. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 13.
  101. ^ Public Monuments and Sculpture Association (16 June 2003), Chadderton War Memorial, archived from the original on 12 November 2014, retrieved 12 November 2014
  102. ^ a b Green Flag Award, "Chadderton Hall Park", Internet Archive, greenflagaward.org.uk, archived from the original on 7 February 2008, retrieved 28 January 2010
  103. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1990, pp. 9–10.
  104. ^ Awards, oldhamparks.co.uk, archived from the original on 23 July 2008, retrieved 23 December 2008
  105. ^ Hyde, O'Rourke & Portland 2004, p. 12.
  106. ^ Central Lines, Britishrailways1960.co.uk, archived from the original on 27 February 2012, retrieved 5 May 2012
  107. ^ Central Lines, Britishrailways1960.co.uk, archived from the original on 13 November 2016, retrieved 5 May 2012
  108. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1990, pp. 38–39.
  109. ^ Light Rail Transit Association (24 November 2007), Manchester to Oldham and Rochdale, lrta.org ork, archived from the original on 11 February 2012, retrieved 1 May 2008
  110. ^ Oldham and Rochdale line, Transport for Greater Manchester, archived from the original on 18 May 2013, retrieved 19 May 2013
  111. ^ "Oldham News | News Headlines | Jim's loop lines vision for trams - Chronicle Online". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2016. | Retrieved 31 October 2016
  112. ^ "Service 152 Chadderton – Firwood Park" (PDF). Stagecoach. 21 July 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 November 2013.
  113. Greater Manchester Transport Society (2007), Deregulated Bus Operators: 1986 onwards, gmts.co.uk, archived from the original
    on 9 November 2010, retrieved 24 January 2010
  114. ^ a b c Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 24.
  115. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1990, p. 22.
  116. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 25.
  117. ^ "Fergie's fan club", Oldham Advertiser, M.E.N. Media, 9 July 2008, archived from the original on 29 June 2011, retrieved 21 December 2008
  118. ^ a b c Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 85.
  119. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 15.
  120. ^ "The parish of Prestwich with Oldham: Chadderton – British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 13 July 2015.
  121. ^ (from parish history, 1769 to 1996 by Barry Dainty) (1996). "A Short History of the Parish of S. Margaret Hollinwood and S. Chad Limeside". www.magsnchads.org.uk. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  122. ^ a b c Lawson & Johnson 1990, pp. 20–21.
  123. ^ a b History – St Matthew, stmatthew-stlukechadderton.org.uk, archived from the original on 24 December 2012, retrieved 6 November 2008
  124. ^ Anglican Diocese of Manchester, Tandle Deanery, manchester.anglican.org, archived from the original on 9 September 2012, retrieved 5 November 2008
  125. ^ a b Historic England, "Church of St Mark, Milne Street (1376598)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 22 December 2008
  126. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1990, pp. 22–23.
  127. ^ a b c Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 90.
  128. ^ a b c Club History, chaddertonfc.org.uk, archived from the original on 12 September 2011, retrieved 22 January 2010
  129. ^ Chaddertonians AFC, clubwebsite.co.uk, 20 December 2008, archived from the original on 18 April 2009, retrieved 22 December 2008
  130. ^ The History of Chadderton Park Juniors Football Club, chaddertonparkfc.co.uk, archived from the original on 21 November 2008, retrieved 22 December 2008
  131. ^ "The Manchester League 1893-1912". Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 27 February 2018. | The Manchester League 1893–1912 |Retrieved 27 February 2018
  132. ^ Janice Barker (20 August 2008), "Another 24 hours, another Olympic record", Oldham Evening Chronicle, archived from the original on 26 August 2008, retrieved 29 August 2008
  133. ^ "Henry's record still stands", Oldham Advertiser, M.E.N. Media, 20 August 2008, archived from the original on 10 September 2012, retrieved 28 August 2008
  134. ^ Sykes, Lee (30 August 2006), "Is this the end for Chadderton baths?", Oldham Advertiser, M.E.N. Media, archived from the original on 22 September 2012, retrieved 23 December 2008
  135. ^ Doherty, Karen (31 March 2011), Baths demolition moves step closer, Oldham Evening Chronicle, archived from the original on 5 January 2012, retrieved 12 December 2011
  136. ^ Chadderton Wellbeing Centre, Oldham Community Leisure, archived from the original on 22 December 2011, retrieved 12 December 2011
  137. ^ Greater Manchester Police Authority, Local Policing in Oldham 2007–2008 (PDF), gmpa.gov.uk, archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2009, retrieved 21 December 2008
  138. ^ Greater Manchester Police, Your Neighbourhood Area Policing Team, gmp.police.uk, archived from the original on 20 March 2009, retrieved 11 September 2009
  139. ^ Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service, Chadderton Fire Station, manchesterfire.gov.uk, archived from the original on 18 January 2012, retrieved 12 December 2011
  140. ^ Greater Manchester Waste Disposal Authority (2008), Greater Manchester Waste Disposal Authority (GMWDA), gmwda.gov.uk, archived from the original on 7 February 2008, retrieved 8 February 2008
  141. ^ Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council, Minerals and Waste development planning, oldham.gov.uk, archived from the original on 23 November 2012, retrieved 8 February 2008
  142. ^ a b United Utilities (17 April 2007), Oldham, unitedutilities.com, archived from the original on 22 April 2008, retrieved 8 February 2008
  143. ^ United Utilities (17 April 2007), Dove Stone Reservoirs, unitedutilities.com, archived from the original on 22 April 2008, retrieved 8 February 2008
  144. ^ a b Department of the Environment (1994), Documentary Research on Industrial Sites: CLR Report 3 (PDF), eugris.info, archived (PDF) from the original on 23 November 2009, retrieved 28 January 2010
  145. ^ India-Rubber Journal, vol. 125, July–December 1953, p. 291
  146. Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester (2001), Power Stations in Greater Manchester (PDF), msim.org.uk, archived from the original
    (PDF) on 27 March 2009, retrieved 23 December 2008
  147. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 73.
  148. ^ Lawson & Johnson 1997, p. 2.
  149. ^ http://richardjohnbr.blogspot.co.uk/2007/08/chartist-lives-samuel-collins.html%7CChartist Lives – Samuel Collins. Retrieved 17 July 2013
  150. ^ Taylor, Paul (20 June 2008), "Baby changed the world", Manchester Evening News, M.E.N. Media, archived from the original on 3 March 2011, retrieved 20 August 2008
  151. ^ a b Terry Hall: Pioneering ventriloquist who turned a variety act into a television institution for all the family, London: timesonline.co.uk, 14 April 2007, retrieved 20 December 2008
  152. ^ a b "Terry Hall", The Telegraph, London: Telegraph Media Group, 12 April 2007, archived from the original on 26 March 2010, retrieved 20 December 2008
  153. ^ Barclay James Harvest Biography, bjharvest.co.uk, archived from the original on 8 January 2009, retrieved 20 December 2008
  154. ^ Kay, Oliver (6 December 2002), The error that let Henry slip through United net, London: timesonline.co.uk, archived from the original on 4 June 2011, retrieved 2 January 2009
  155. ^ Wright, James, "Englishmen Abroad: David Platt", Internet Archive, The Football Association, archived from the original on 12 March 2005, retrieved 11 September 2009
  156. ^ David Platt Profile, givemefootball.com, archived from the original on 17 August 2010, retrieved 20 December 2008
  157. ^ North Chadderton School, North Chadderton Sixth Form, northchaddertonschool.co.uk, archived from the original on 18 September 2008, retrieved 11 September 2009
  158. ^ "A supermodel pupil drops in at her old school", The Borough Oldhamer, no. 26, p. 3, June–July 2005
  159. ^ Barker, Janice (9 September 2008), Chadderton's Karen is the new face of John Lewis, oldham-chronicle.co.uk, archived from the original on 24 July 2011, retrieved 29 December 2008
  160. ^ Ronald, Whittam. "Physiological Society - oral interview transcript" (PDF).
  161. ^ "Ronald Whittam". royalsociety.org. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
  162. ^ "Interview – William Ash". bbc.co.uk. 29 January 2004. Archived from the original on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2012.

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chadderton.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chadderton&oldid=1220036718"