China's 100 major archaeological discoveries in the 20th century
In 2001, the
Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences organized a poll for China's 100 major archaeological discoveries in the 20th century (Chinese: 中国20世纪100项考古大发现). The participants included eight national-level institutions for archaeology and cultural relics, provincial-level archaeological institutes from 28 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, as well as from Hong Kong, the archaeological departments of 11 major national universities, and many other scholars in Beijing. After three months and three rounds of voting, the results were announced on 29 March 2001 and were published in the journal Kaogu (Archaeology).[1] In 2002, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Press published the book China's 100 Major Archaeological Discoveries in the 20th Century (二十世纪中国百项考古大发现), with more than 500 pages and 1,512 pictures.[2]
Among all the candidates, the late-
Dingling mausoleum.[1]
Of the 100 discoveries selected, 51% were made by scientific initiative, whereas 31% were made accidentally and 10% were
Yangtze River valley accounted for two thirds of the accidental discoveries, typically found during construction.[3]
List by chronology
The 100 major archaeological discoveries selected include 7 discoveries from the
Neolithic Age, 23 from the Xia–Shang–Zhou era, 24 from the Qin and Han to the Northern and Southern dynasties, and 16 from the Sui–Tang and later dynasties.[1] The list below is ordered chronologically, from the oldest to the most recent.[4]
- Palaeolithic Age
- 1. Upper Cave Man in Beijing
- 2. Yuanmou Man in Yunnan
- 3. Lantian Man in Shaanxi
- 4. Jinniushan Man in Yingkou, Liaoning
- 5. Qujiang, Guangdong
- 6. Yangyuan, Hebei
- 7. Xiangfen, Shanxi
- Neolithic Age
- 8. Wannian, Jiangxi
- 9. Yuchanyan in Dao County, Hunan
- 10. Peiligang in Xinzheng, Henan
- 11. Jiahu in Wuyang County, Henan
- 12. Qin'an, Gansu
- 13. Chengtoushan in Li County, Hunan
- 14. Xinglongwa in Chifeng, Liaoning
- 15. Mianchi, Henan
- 16. Banpo in Xi'an, Shaanxi
- 17. Lintong, Shaanxi
- 18. Hemudu in Yuyao, Zhejiang
- 19. Dawenkou in Tai'an, Shandong
- 20. Daxi in Wushan County, Chongqing
- 21. Jingshan County, Hubei
- 22. Hougang in Anyang, Henan
- 23. Shanzhou, Henan
- 24. Wangchenggang Longshan culture site in Dengfeng, Henan
- 25. Songzein Shanghai
- 26. Zhangqiu, Shandong
- 27. Yuhang, Zhejiang
- 28. Shijiahe culture sites in Tianmen, Hubei
- 29. Lintao, Gansu
- 30. Ledu, Qinghai
- 31. Hongshan culture sites in Lingyuan and Jianping County, Liaoning
- 32. Karuo culture sites in Chamdo, Tibet
- 33. Qujiang, Guangdong
- 34. Xiangfen, Shanxi
- 35. Tung Wan Tsai North in Ma Wan, Hong Kong
- 36. Yuanshan in Taipei, Taiwan
- Xia, Shang, and Zhou
- 37. Qijiaping Qijia culture site in Guanghe County, Gansu
- 38. Yanshi, Henan
- 39. Dongxiafeng Erlitou culture site in Xia County, Shanxi
- 40. Xiajiadian early Bronze Age site in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia
- 41. Dadianzi Lower Xiajiadian culture site in Aohan Banner, Inner Mongolia
- 42. Yanshi, Henan
- 43. Zhengzhou Shang City in Zhengzhou, Henan
- 44. Huangpi, Hubei
- 45. Yinxu, late-Shang dynasty capital in Anyang, Henan
- 46. Wucheng culture site in Zhangshu, Jiangxi
- 47. Xingan, Jiangxi
- 48. Sanxingdui in Guanghan, Sichuan
- 49. Zhouyuan Western Zhou site in Shaanxi
- 50. Fenghao, capital of Western Zhou in Shaanxi
- 51. Liulihe site, Yan statecapital and cemetery in Beijing
- 52. Quwo, Shanxi
- 53. Shangyang city, capital of Guo and cemetery in Sanmenxia, Henan
- 54. Jin state capital in Houma, Shanxi
- 55. Zheng–Han City in Xinzheng, Henan
- 56. Lower Capital of Yan in Yi County, Hebei
- 57. Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng, Sui County, Hubei
- 58. Jinancheng, capital of Chu in Jiangling County, Hubei
- 59. Tomb of King Cuo of Zhongshan in Pingshan County, Hebei
- 60. Tonglüshan mining site, Hubei
- Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties
- 61. Qin capital Xianyang and palaces, Shaanxi
- 62. Lintong, Shaanxi
- 63. Yunmeng, Hubei
- 64. Chang'an of Han dynasty, Xi'an, Shaanxi
- 65. Western Han dynasty imperial tombs, Shaanxi
- 66. Mancheng Han tombs, Hebei
- 67. Mausoleums of Han dynasty Kings of Chu, Xuzhou, Jiangsu
- 68. Mawangdui Han tombs, Hunan
- 69. Mausoleum of the Nanyue King, Guangzhou, Guangdong
- 70. Yinqueshan Han tombs, Linyi, Shandong
- 71. Shaogou Han tombs, Luoyang, Henan
- 72. Jinning, Yunnan
- 73. JuyanHan ruins and slips, Inner Mongolia
- 74. Han–Wei Luoyang, Luoyang, Henan
- 75. Capital of the LoulanKingdom, Xinjiang
- 76. Minfeng County, Xinjiang
- 77. Linzhang, Hebei
- 78. Zoumalou bamboo slips, Changsha, Hunan
- 79. Southern dynasties tombs in Nanjing, Jiangsu
- 80. Yungang Grottoes, Datong, Shanxi
- 81. Longmen Grottoes, Luoyang, Henan
- 82. Koguryo tombs in Ji'an, Jilin
- 83. Mogao Caves, Dunhuang, Gansu
- 84. Longxing Temple hoard of Buddhist statues, Qingzhou, Shandong
- Sui, Tang, and later dynasties
- 85. Daxing–Chang'an City, capital of the Sui and Tang dynasties, Xi'an, Shaanxi
- 86. Sui–Tang Luoyang and Song dynasty government sites, Luoyang, Henan
- 87. Yu Hong tomb of the Sui dynasty, Taiyuan, Shanxi
- 88. Subsidiary tombs of Tang dynasty imperial mausoleums, Shaanxi
- 89. Fufeng, Shaanxi
- 90. Astana Cemetery and documents, Turpan, Xinjiang
- 91. Shangjing Longquanfu, Ning'an, Heilongjiang
- 92. Two imperial mausoleums of the Southern Tang dynasty, Nanjing, Jiangsu
- 93. Tomb of the Liao dynasty Princess of Chen, Naiman Banner, Inner Mongolia
- 94. Yu County, Henan
- 95. Western Xia mausoleums, Yinchuan, Ningxia
- 96. Southern Song dynasty, Zhejiang
- 97. Yaozhou Kiln, Tongchuan, Shaanxi
- 98. Capital of the Guge Kingdom, Tibet
- 99. Dadu, capital of the Yuan dynasty, Beijing
- 100. Dingling mausoleum, Beijing
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "专家评出"中国20世纪100项考古大发现"". Sohu (in Chinese). 30 March 2001. Archived from the original on 13 December 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
- ^ "《二十世纪中国百项考古大发现》出版". People's Daily (in Chinese). 28 June 2002.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-118-62460-9.
- ^ "20世纪中国100项考古大发现" (in Chinese). Fudan University. 30 March 2009.