Christchurch, Dorset
Christchurch | ||
---|---|---|
Town and civil parish | ||
OS grid reference SZ156923 | | |
Website | Town Council |
Christchurch (/ˈkraɪs(t)tʃɜːrtʃ/) is a town and civil parish on the south coast[3] of Dorset, England. The parish had a population of 31,372 in 2021.[1] It adjoins Bournemouth to the west, with the New Forest to the east. Part of the historic county of Hampshire, Christchurch was a borough within the administrative county of Dorset from 1974 until 2019, when it became part of the new Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole unitary authority.
Founded in the 7th century at the
The town's harbour, beaches, nature reserves and historically important buildings have made Christchurch a popular tourist destination. Bournemouth Airport, an international airport which handled around 800,000 passengers in 2019, is within the former borough boundary at Hurn. The airport's industrial park contains a number of aerospace and engineering businesses and is one of the largest employment sites in Dorset.
History
Christchurch was founded in approximately AD 650 by
Some time in the early 12th century, a
Although the fishing industry thrived in Christchurch, the importance of the harbour declined as it became inaccessible to vessels of a large draught. The harbour entrance was particularly troublesome with constantly shifting sandbars. In 1665
The railway came to Christchurch in 1847 although the nearest station, Christchurch Road, was at
The Fisher Aviation Company began to provide flights from fields at the eastern end of
Much development with a large increase in housing occurred from the mid-18th century. In 1873, 300 acres (120 ha) of common land north of the town known as Portfield was enclosed and built upon and the town's population rapidly expanded.
Government and politics
Christchurch falls within the area of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole (BCP), a unitary authority created in April 2019.[36] The authority is a merger of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole borough councils; its creation was opposed by Christchurch Council, who unsuccessfully appealed to the High Court.[37] A number of Conservative councillors were suspended from the party as a result, with several standing in 2019 as independents.[38] In 2019, the first elections to BCP Council were held, replacing a shadow authority. Whilst the Conservatives were the largest party in the new authority, the council remained under no overall control, and subsequently a Unity Alliance Administration was formed of other parties.
Christchurch Town Council, the first tier of local government, was created at the same time as the unitary authority, based at Christchurch Town Hall.[39] In existence since at least 1297, Christchurch's Office of Mayor is now mainly a ceremonial role with little power.[40]
Until 2019, Christchurch was a
Christchurch is represented by a
In the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, Christchurch voted by 59% to leave.[49]
Geography
Christchurch is the most easterly coastal town of the administrative county of Dorset, and it lies within the
To the north of Christchurch is
The geology of the borough is unremarkable; the bedrock is mainly composed of sand with patches of clay to the east and west, and superficial deposits (drift) of sand and gravel cover the entire area.[59] The extraction of sand and gravel for construction purposes is carried out in the borough, and the opening of more sites is planned.[60]
Climate
Christchurch, like the rest of the country, has a
Climate data for Christchurch, Dorset, England | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8 (46) |
8 (46) |
11 (52) |
13 (55) |
17 (63) |
19 (66) |
22 (72) |
22 (72) |
19 (66) |
15 (59) |
11 (52) |
9 (48) |
14.5 (58.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2 (36) |
2 (36) |
3 (37) |
4 (39) |
7 (45) |
10 (50) |
12 (54) |
12 (54) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
4 (39) |
3 (37) |
6.3 (43.3) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 62.9 (2.48) |
50.3 (1.98) |
40.7 (1.60) |
45.5 (1.79) |
29.2 (1.15) |
35.6 (1.40) |
31.8 (1.25) |
35.5 (1.40) |
51.5 (2.03) |
75.3 (2.96) |
69.0 (2.72) |
67.2 (2.65) |
594.5 (23.41) |
Source: MSN[61] |
Green belt
Christchurch lies at the centre of a green belt region that extends into the wider surrounding counties. It is in place to reduce urban sprawl, prevent the towns in the South East Dorset conurbation from further convergence, protect the identity of outlying communities, and preserve nearby countryside. This is achieved by restricting inappropriate development within the designated areas, and imposing stricter conditions on permitted building.[63]
The area is 3,477 hectares (34.77 km2; 13.42 sq mi) (2010) in size,[63] and lies mainly to the north of the district, with portions surrounding the fringes of the Christchurch/Highcliffe-on-Sea urban area. Suburbs also excluded are Jumpers Common, the built up area of Burton, as well as Bournemouth Airport, with the rest of the borough including the rural portions and hamlets in the Hurn and Burton parishes being 'washed over' by the green belt.
Landscape features and greenfield facilities within include the rivers Stour,
Demography
Age | Percentage[64] |
---|---|
0–15 | 15.8 |
16–17 | 2.0 |
18–44 | 27.1 |
45–59 | 19.1 |
60–84 | 31.9 |
85+ | 4.1 |
The Christchurch parish had a population of 31,372 in 2021, and around 50,000 for the wider borough, making it the fourth most populous settlement in Dorset.[1] It lies in the South East Dorset conurbation which is one of the South Coast's major urban areas with a total population of over 400,000.[65] Christchurch has one of the oldest populations in the country with significant proportion of residents wealthy senior citizens.[66] The percentage of the population aged over 65 in Christchurch is 30.4%, almost double the national average of 16.5%.[67] Highcliffe on the borough's eastern boundary possesses the highest percentage of elderly residents in the entire United Kingdom at 69%.[68][69] The Office for National Statistics predicted that by 2031, the percentage of residents over 65 will rise to 37.9.[67] In 2005, the life expectancy of female residents was 83.4 years and male residents 79.7 years. This was an increase on ten years previous (1995) when the life expectancy was 82.6 years and 77.0 years for females and males respectively.[70]
In common with the rest of Dorset, Christchurch has low numbers of black and minority ethnic groups: the vast majority (96.83%) consider themselves to be
Christchurch contains around 22,800 properties.[75] In 2005 the average price of a detached house in Christchurch was £323,416.[76] On average property in Christchurch is 24% more expensive than anywhere else in England and Wales.[77] Nearly 80% of residences are owner occupied, 3% are vacant and a further 3% are second homes.[66] The borough has around 25,000 cars: an average of 1.21 per household.[77] Christchurch, in common with the rest of Dorset, has lower crime rates than average for the UK. Reported crime rates per 1,000 of the population in 2006 (with figures for 2001 in brackets) are as follows: violence against the person 10.4 (4.8), sexual offences 0.7 (0.3), robbery 0.2 (0.3), burglary 2.2 (4.0), theft of vehicles 0.9 (2.5), theft from vehicles 3.6 (7.2).[78]
Historical population of Christchurch | |||||||||||
Year | 1801 | 1811 | 1821 | 1831 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 | 1901 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population | 265 | 230 | 317 | 359 | 1,317 | 1,332 | 3,460 | 5,589 | 7,717 | 14,686 | 11,155 |
Year | 1911 | 1921 | 1931 | 1941 | 1951 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
Population | 8,496 | 11,572 | 15,773 | 18,828 | 22,475 | 27,549 | 33,768 | 37,285 | 41,240 | 44,869 | – |
Census: 1801 – 2001[33] |
Economy
Sector | 2000 | 2004 | 2007 | Change
(£M) |
Change
(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture | 10.5 | 14.6 | 16.3 | 5.9 | 56% |
Mining/Quarrying | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0% |
Food/Textiles/Wood | 6.9 | 4.3 | 4.0 | −2.9 | −42% |
Printing and Publishing | 3.7 | 3.9 | 3.0 | −0.7 | −19% |
Chemicals and Minerals | 10.2 | 6.7 | 7.4 | −2.8 | −28% |
Metals and Engineering | 12.8 | 26.9 | 30.8 | 17.9 | 140% |
Electronics | 56.8 | 34.7 | 40.5 | −16.2 | −29% |
Transport equipment | 52.7 | 62.4 | 71.6 | 18.8 | 36% |
Manufacturing nes | 3.5 | 4.7 | 3.2 | −0.3 | −8% |
Electricity/Gas/Water | 12.5 | 14.9 | 20.7 | 8.2 | 66% |
Construction | 34.7 | 49.6 | 43.5 | 8.8 | 25% |
Distribution | 73.5 | 104.2 | 110.8 | 37.4 | 51% |
Hotel and Catering | 21.5 | 27.0 | 34.3 | 12.8 | 60% |
Transport and Communications | 80.5 | 119.9 | 145.1 | 64.6 | 80% |
Banking and Insurance | 15.2 | 20.1 | 25.5 | 10.3 | 68% |
Other business services | 57.8 | 56.2 | 84.8 | 27.0 | 47% |
Public administration and Defence | 9.8 | 13.2 | 16.5 | 6.7 | 68% |
Education and Health | 67.2 | 70.7 | 76.8 | 9.6 | 14% |
Miscellaneous services | 22.9 | 20.4 | 22.3 | −0.6 | −2% |
Total GVA | 552.5 | 664.5 | 757.0 | 204.5 | 37% |
Between 2000 and 2007 the total
An aircraft manufacturing industry was established in the town with the construction of an
The town's High Street has 48 shops with 61,847 square feet (5,745.8 m2) of retail space.[84] The addition of the Saxon Square shopping precinct in 1982 added a further 41,748 square feet (3,878.5 m2) of shop floor to the town centre—an increase of 67.5%.[84] The combined number of shops and floor space makes Christchurch the fifth largest shopping centre in Dorset.[84]
In 2008, Christchurch attracted some 837,000 staying visitors and 792,000 day visitors, and tourism generated £76 million for the local economy.[85] Although important to the local economy, Christchurch is not so heavily dependent on tourism as some of its neighbours. In 2008, visitor accommodation consisted of 11 caravan and camping parks, and some 900 bed spaces in eight hotels and 75 guest houses or bed and breakfast establishments.[86]
Culture
A weekly market was granted to the town by Baldwin de Redvers and the first market took place in 1149 at the junction of Castle Street and High Street.[87] These weekly markets stopped in 1872 but resumed a century later in a car park next to the town hall, now the site of Saxon Square.[35][88] When construction of the square began in 1983, the market was moved to a car park in Bank Close. Today it is held every Monday in High Street which is then closed to traffic. Periodically there are food fairs and a French market in the town.[89]
Every year since 2000 the town has held a food and wine festival during May. It includes an international food market with over 100 stalls selling food and drink, and a large marquee with a kitchen area erected in Saxon Square. Here cooking demonstrations are given, sometimes by a celebrity chef: past guests have included Gary Rhodes and Jean-Christophe Novelli.[90] The week-long festival is a community event which aims to educate people in healthy eating as well as the availability of foods. During the festival local chefs are invited into schools to demonstrate recipes; and throughout the weekend the marquee hosts a cookery workshop for 7- to 10-year-olds.[91]
Christchurch holds an annual music festival on the first weekend in July. Originally a
Another annual event is the
The town has a museum: the
Religion
Christchurch is home to many churches, most notably Christchurch Priory.
Landmarks
Town centre
Christchurch's town centre encompasses a mixture of traditional public houses, restaurants, coffee shops, antiquated cottages and historic
High Street contains two Grade II listed
The town centre contains three Grade I listed bridges. The Town Bridge is a 15th-century
Castle
The Grade I listed
Priory
Christchurch town centre and the harbour are overlooked by the 11th-century Grade I listed
Place Mill
Place Mill is a Grade II* listed Anglo-Saxon
Sports and recreation
The town's
Hurn Bridge is also the home of Christchurch Cricket Club who have teams in the Saturday and Sunday Dorset Leagues.[125] In 2009 the first XI won Division 3 having been newly promoted from Division 4. In those two seasons the team lost only four games.[126] Hurn Bridge houses the Dorset Cricket Centre, an indoor training facility run by the Dorset Cricket Board.[125]
Christchurch has a council run leisure centre situated at the end of Stony Lane South. The complex contains a swimming pool, golf course and indoor bowling facility which is home to the East Dorset Indoor Bowls Club.[127] Christchurch has a lawn bowling club, Christchurch Bowling Club, that play on the green adjacent to the castle ruins.[128] The town has two other lawn bowling clubs and golf courses; at Iford and Highcliffe.[129]
Sailing is a popular leisure pursuit in Christchurch and the harbour is home to three sailing clubs: Highcliffe Sailing Club, Mudeford Sailing Club and Christchurch Sailing Club which are situated at Mudeford Quay, Fisherman's Bank and the Town Quay respectively. The other end of the Town Quay is home to the local rowing club.[130]
Transport
Christchurch is served by the A35 road, which runs from Devon through to Southampton via Poole, Bournemouth and the New Forest. To the north of the town the A35 connects to the A31, the major trunk road in central southern England which provides access to the M27 motorway at Southampton. The A338 road runs northwards from Bournemouth through Christchurch to Ringwood in Hampshire.[131]
Buses are operated by
Bournemouth Airport, in Hurn, is the nearest airport and is around 3.75 miles (6.04 km) north-west of Christchurch town centre. Originally an RAF airfield, the airport began commercial services in the late 1950s, and in 2019 served around 800,000 passengers.[citation needed] Ryanair, TUI and EasyJet operate from the airport and provide scheduled flights to European destinations.[134]
During the summer months, small passenger ferries travel between Tuckton and Mudeford Spit via the town quay.[135][136] Another ferry crosses the Stour between Wick and the Quay just below Tuckton Bridge. This ferry was running before the bridge was built in 1882 and was then, the only crossing below Iford.[137][138] Another ferry service operates across the harbour entrance from Mudeford Sandbank to Mudeford Quay. This ferry was operated by rowing boats until the 1960s; payment being at the discretion of the passenger.[139]
Education
Christchurch has two infant schools, two junior schools, five primary schools (combined infant and junior) and three secondary schools. The secondary schools are, in order of size: Twynham School (1,515 pupils), Highcliffe School (1,347 pupils) and the Grange School (637 pupils). The secondary schools share a sixth form, with the three sites providing different courses.[64]
From 1 April 2019 schools in Christchurch have fallen under the jurisdiction of the Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council.
Notable residents
- Benjamin Ferrey, architect, one of the earliest members of the Royal Institute of British Architects. His works include the restoration of Christchurch Priory.[140]
- Edmund Lyons, admiral and diplomat who was born and lived in the parish of Burton.[141]
- Gustavus Brander, curator at the British Museum and governor of the Bank of England lived at Priory House which he had built in 1777 in the grounds of Christchurch Priory.
- Prince Louis Phillipe, the future King of France took refuge there during the Napoleonic Wars.[117]
- Poet Laureate; lived in Burton between 1797 and 1799.[142]
- Prime Minister, 1762–63, amateur botanist and one of the founders of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; built a mansion, High Cliff House, on his Christchurch estate close to the cliff top in 1773.[143] The area is now known as Highcliffe.
- Charles Stuart, 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay, diplomat and grandson of John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute; built Highcliffe Castle on the site of his grandfather's house.[143]
- Sir George Rose, a Member of Parliament (MP) for Christchurch and close friend and advisor to the Prime Minister William Pitt, built a home, 'Sandhills', at Mudeford.[22] Sandhills was home to George Rose's two sons: politician and diplomat Sir George Henry Rose, and poet William Rose, who both served as Members of Parliament for Christchurch.[144]
- Field Marshal Hugh Rose, 1st Baron Strathnairn, son of Sir George Henry Rose, spent time living at the family home.[16]
- James Clark (1825–1890), horticulturist and early genetic hybridist who specialised in breeding new potato varieties.[145] He was born in Wick near Tuckton (then a part of Christchurch) and lived his whole life in the Christchurch area.
- Donald Bailey, a civil engineer who developed the Bailey bridge, lived in Christchurch from 1966 to 1985.[29]
- Scotland goalkeeper, has a home near the town centre.[146]
Twin towns
Christchurch is
See also
- Christchurch Borough Council elections for the political history of the former borough council which existed 1974 to 2019.
References
Notes
- ^ a b c "Christchurch". City population. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
- ^ "Census 2001". Office for National Statistics. 2001. Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 6 September 2010.
- ^ "Christchurch". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
- ^ a b Stannard (1999) p. 1.
- ^ Stannard (1999) p. 208.
- ^ Hill, Rumble (1996) p. 107 & 198.
- ^ Stannard (1999) p. 3.
- ^ a b Taylor (1994) p. 1.
- ^ Hodges (2003) p. 6.
- ^ a b c Moxey (1997) pp. 89–90.
- ^ a b Stannard (1999) pp. 135–136.
- ^ Stannard (1999) pp. 210–211.
- ^ a b c Hodges (2003) p. 5.
- ^ Stannard (1999) p. 178.
- ^ Moxey (1997) p. 92.
- ^ a b Powell (1995) pp. 46–47.
- ^ Stannard (1999) p. 193.
- ^ Moxey (1997) pp. 82–83.
- ^ Stannard (1999) p. 197.
- ^ Taylor (1994) p. 3.
- ^ Newman (1998) p. 34.
- ^ a b Hodges (2003) p. 116.
- ^ Newman (2009) p. 39.
- ^ Moxey (1997) p. 82.
- ^ Stannard (1999) pp. 226–228.
- ^ Stannard (1999) pp. 228–229.
- ^ Hodges (2003) pp. 51 & 90.
- ^ Hodges (2003) pp. 88–94.
- ^ a b Stannard (1999) p. 241.
- ^ Taylor (1994) plate no.123.
- ^ Newman (1998) p. 8 & 25.
- ^ Newman (2009) p. 8.
- ^ a b "A Vision of Britain Through Time". University of Portsmouth. 2009. Retrieved 30 July 2010.
- ^ Newman (2009) pp. 8–10.
- ^ a b Taylor (1994) intro.
- ^ Dorset For You (26 February 2018). "Government approves unitary councils for Dorset" (Press release). Dorset: Dorset County Council. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
- ^ "Council's merger appeal bid refused". BBC News. 10 August 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
- ^ "Tories suspended over merger row". BBC News. 12 March 2019. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
- ^ "Christchurch to get new town council when super council comes in". Bournemouth Echo. 20 August 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
- ^ "History of the Mayor". Dorset County Council. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ "UK Authorities" (PDF). Office for National Statistics. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 August 2010. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
- ^ new wards from May 2003
- ^ "Local election results 2015 in full". The Guardian. 15 May 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2015.
- ^ "Elections for the North Highcliffe & Walkford ward". dorsetforyou.com. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
- ^ Robyn Powell (23 May 2010). "A History of By-election upsets". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
- ^ "2010 Election – Live Coverage: Christchurch". BBC News. 2010. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
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- ^ Taylor (1994) p. 6.
- ^ a b "Christchurch Harbour". Dorset County Council. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
- ^ Powell (1995) intro.
- ^ Hoodless (2005) p. 24.
- ^ Stannard (1999) pp. 177–178.
- ^ "Friends of Stanpit Marsh". Friends of Stanpit Marsh. Retrieved 9 August 2010.
- ^ "SSSI Citation: Christchurch Harbour" (PDF). Natural England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
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- ^ Bob Jolliffe (22 November 2008). "Villagers Fear Gravel Blight". Bournemouth Daily Echo. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
- ^ Msn.com. 2010. Archived from the originalon 14 July 2011. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
- ^ "UK 1971–2000 averages". Met Office. 2008. Archived from the original on 5 July 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2010.
- ^ a b c "CHRISTCHURCH AND EAST DORSET LOCAL PLAN Part 1 – Core Strategy" (PDF). www.dorsetforyou.gov.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
- ^ a b c "Dorset For You: Christchurch". Dorset County Council. 2001. Retrieved 6 September 2010.
- ^ "South East Dorset Strategy" (PDF). Bournemouth Poole and Dorset Strategic Partnership. November 2005. p. 2. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
- ^ a b "Christchurch Census Town Profile" (PDF). Dorset County Council. 2005. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
- ^ a b "How will Dorset cope with ageing population?". Bournemouth Daily Echo. 6 August 2010. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
- ^ "Census 2001: Top 10". Office for National Statistics. 2002. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
- ^ Maxine Frith (4 July 2003). "Know Your Neighbour". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2 February 2012. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
- ^ "The State of Christchurch: A Profile of Christchurch and Its Residents (5th Edition)". Christchurch Borough Council. March 2008. pp. 43–45. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
- ^ "The State of Christchurch: A Profile of Christchurch and Its Residents (5th Edition)". Christchurch Borough Council. March 2008. p. 35. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
- ^ "Christchurch Census Town Profile" (PDF). Dorset County Council. 2005. p. 6. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
- ^ a b "Christchurch Census Town Profile" (PDF). Dorset County Council. 2005. p. 4. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
- ^ "Christchurch Census Town Profile" (PDF). Dorset County Council. 2005. p. 19. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
- ^ "Dorset for You-Key Facts on Housing". Dorset County Council. 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2010.
- ^ "The State of Christchurch: A Profile of Christchurch and Its Residents (5th Edition)". Christchurch Borough Council. March 2008. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2010.
- ^ a b "The State of Christchurch: A Profile of Christchurch and Its Residents (5th Edition)". Christchurch Borough Council. March 2008. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
- ^ "The State of Christchurch: A Profile of Christchurch and Its Residents (5th Edition)". Christchurch Borough Council. March 2008. pp. 55–63. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2010.
- ^ a b Dale Jayne; Gray Anne; Wicks John (March 2009). "Sectoral Change in the Bournemouth, Dorset and Poole Sub-regional Economy". Bournemouth County Council & Dorset County Council. p. 23. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
- ^ Dale Jayne; Gray Anne; Wicks John (March 2009). "Sectoral Change in the Bournemouth, Dorset and Poole Sub-regional Economy" (PDF). Bournemouth County Council & Dorset County Council. p. 9. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
- ^ a b Dale Jayne; Gray Anne; Wicks John (March 2009). "Sectoral Change in the Bournemouth, Dorset and Poole Sub-regional Economy" (PDF). Bournemouth County Council & Dorset County Council. p. 20. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
- ^ Hodges (2003) p. 127.
- ^ "Our History". Bournemouth Airport. 2010. Archived from the original on 24 April 2011. Retrieved 3 January 2010.
- ^ a b c "Detailed Retail Information". Dorset County Council. 2005. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
- ^ "The State of Christchurch: A Profile of Christchurch and Its Residents (5th Edition)". Christchurch Borough Council. March 2008. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
- ^ "The State of Christchurch: A Profile of Christchurch and Its Residents (5th Edition)". Christchurch Borough Council. March 2008. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
- ^ Hodges (2003) p. 23.
- ^ Hodges (2003) pp. 23–24.
- ^ "French market". Bournemouth Daily Echo. 14 June 2010. Retrieved 31 December 2010.
- ^ "Foodie heaven – The 10th Christchurch Food and Wine Festival". Dorset Echo. 28 April 2009. Retrieved 19 December 2010.
- ^ "History". Christchurch Food and Wine Festival. 2010. Archived from the original on 15 September 2010. Retrieved 21 September 2010.
- ^ "Christchurch Festival information". Christchurch Festival. 2010. Archived from the original on 6 February 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2010.
- ^ "The Social Season". Debrett's. 2010. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 18 August 2010.
- ^ Newman (1998) p. 16.
- ^ Hodges (2003) p. 8.
- ^ "Stompin on the Quomps – Christchurch waterside jazz festival". Practical Boat Owner. 7 August 2010. Retrieved 31 December 2010.
- ^ Stannard (1999) pp. 220–224.
- ^ "Red House Museum". Dorset County Council. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
- ^ "The SSE Heritage Collection – SSE". sseheritage.org.uk.
- ^ Taylor (1994) p. 2.
- ^ a b Hodges (2003) p. 17.
- ^ Hodges (2003) pp. 13–24.
- ^ Hodges (2003) p. 19.
- ^ Newman (1998) p. 53.
- ^ Newman (1998) p. 18.
- ^ Taylor (1994) plate no.83.
- ^ Moxey (1997) p. 90.
- ^ Hodges (2003) p. 31.
- ^ "Listed buildings online: Town Bridge". Heritage Gateway. Retrieved 2 November 2010.
- ^ "Listed buildings online: Waterloo Bridge". Heritage Gateway. Retrieved 2 November 2010.
- ^ "Waterloo Bridge New Pedestrian Walkway". Society of Chief Architects of Local Authorities. Archived from the original on 25 August 2011. Retrieved 2 November 2010.
- ^ a b c Moxey (1997) p. 87.
- ^ Powell (1995) p. 33.
- ^ Moxey (1997) p. 89.
- ^ David Eels. "Christchurch Castle". Christchurch Local History Society. Archived from the original on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2010.
- ^ Stannard (1999) p. 141.
- ^ a b Hodges (2003) p. 9.
- ^ Historic England (14 October 1953). "Place Mill (Grade II*) (1110074)". National Heritage List for England.
- ^ Hinde (1996) p. 125.
- ^ Stannard (1999) p. 4.
- ^ Distance of mill stream flow taken from Ordnance Survey map of Christchurch, which shows the outflow into the Stour.
- ^ Historic England (14 October 1953). "Place Mill Bridge (Grade II) (1324698)". National Heritage List for England.
- ^ "Hurn Bridge". Christchurch F.C. 2010. Archived from the original on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
- ^ "History". Christchurch F.C. 2010. Archived from the original on 20 August 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
- ^ a b "Hurn Bridge Sports Club". Christchurch Cricket Club. 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
- ^ "Christchurch C.C News". Christchurch Cricket Club. 2009. Archived from the original on 9 November 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
- ^ "Riversmeet Leisure Centre". Dorset County Council. 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
- ^ "Christchurch Bowling Club". BowlsClub.Org. Retrieved 18 September 2010.
- ^ Hodges (2003) p. 120.
- ^ "Christchurch Water Sports 2010" (PDF). Christchurch Borough Council. 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2010.
- ^ Christopher Stocks (9 July 2009). "Dorset: There's Nowhere I'd Rather Be". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
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- ^ "2023 Schedule" (PDF). Bournemouth Airport. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
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- ^ "Self Drive Boat Hire". Bournemouth Boating Services. 2004. Archived from the original on 2 September 2010. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
- ^ "Wick Ferry". Bournemouth Boating Services. 2004. Archived from the original on 4 June 2010. Retrieved 22 August 2010.
- ^ "Wick Ferry". QUT Digital Collections. Archived from the original on 31 January 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
- ISBN 1-897887-07-8.
- ^ Fraser Donachie. "Benjamin Ferrey". Christchurch Local History Society. Archived from the original on 1 November 2010. Retrieved 12 August 2010.
- ^ Taylor (1994) plate no.146.
- ^ Moxey (1997) p. 79.
- ^ a b Keith Miller (2 November 2002). "Making the grade: Highcliffe House". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 June 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2010.
- ^ Powell (1995) p. 52.
- ^ "James Clark, 1825–1890, Potato Breeder". Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- ^ "OBE honour for former goalkeeper". BBC News. 29 December 2007. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
- ^ "Christchurch Twinning Association". Dorset County Council. 2009. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
- ^ "Sister cities". Christchurch City Council. CCC. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
- ^ "British towns twinned with French towns [via WaybackMachine.com]". Archant Community Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
Bibliography
- Hill, David; Rumble, Alexander R. (1996). The defence of Wessex: the Burghal Hidage and Anglo-Saxon fortifications. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-3218-9.
- Hinde, Thomas, ed. (1996). The Domesday Book: England's Heritage, Then and Now. Godalming: Coombe Books. ISBN 978-1-873535-60-8.
- Hodges, Michael A (2003). Christchurch: The Golden Years. Tiverton: Dorset Books. ISBN 978-1-871164-38-1.
- Hoodless, W.A (2005). Hengistbury Head: The Whole Story. Poole: Poole Historical Trust. ISBN 978-1-873535-60-8.
- Moxey, Sarah (1997). Avon Valley Footpath Guide. Wellington: Halsgrove. ISBN 978-1-874448-26-6.
- Newman, Sue (2009). Christchurch Through Time. Stroud: Amberley Publications. ISBN 978-1-84868-358-7.
- Newman, Sue (1998). Images of England: Christchurch. Stroud: Tempus Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-7524-1050-4.
- Powell, Mike (1995). Christchurch Harbour. Christchurch: Natula Publications. ISBN 1-897887-07-8.
- Stannard, Michael (1999). The Makers of Christchurch: A Thousand Year story. Christchurch: Natula Publications. ISBN 978-1-897887-22-6.
- Taylor, Christine (1994). Christchurch: A Pictorial History. Chichester: Phillimore and Co. Ltd. ISBN 0-85033-901-4.
External links
- Christchurch Town Council
- Council tourism website, archived in 2020
- Christchurch at Curlie