Dieppe
Dieppe | |
---|---|
Subprefecture and commune | |
Coordinates: 49°55′30″N 1°04′30″E / 49.925°N 1.075°E | |
Country | France |
Region | Normandy |
Department | Seine-Maritime |
Arrondissement | Dieppe |
Canton | Dieppe-1 and 2 |
Intercommunality | CA Région Dieppoise |
Government | |
• Mayor (2020–2026) | Nicolas Langlois[1] (PCF) |
Area 1 | 11.67 km2 (4.51 sq mi) |
Population (2021)[2] | 28,358 |
• Density | 2,400/km2 (6,300/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
INSEE/Postal code | 76217 /76200 |
Elevation | 5–70 m (16–230 ft) |
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. |
Dieppe (French pronunciation: [djɛp]; Norman: Dgieppe) is a coastal commune in the Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.
Dieppe is a
Famous for its
, directly to the west of Dieppe.The inhabitants of the town of Dieppe are called Dieppois (m) and Dieppoise (f) in French.
History
First recorded as a small fishing settlement in 1030, Dieppe was an important prize fought over during the Hundred Years' War. Dieppe housed
After
On July 23, 1632, 300 colonists heading to New France departed from Dieppe. At the
Dieppe was an important target in
During the later 19th century, Dieppe became popular with English artists as a
Second World War
During the
The raid proved a costly lesson for the Allies. On August 19, 1942, Allied soldiers, mainly drawn from the
French soldiers from the region, captured in the fighting of 1940, were returned to the area after the Dieppe Raid as a reward by the German occupation authorities, who felt that the conduct of the French civilians in Dieppe had been correct and had not hindered the defence of the port during the battle.
The port remained garrisoned by German forces until the conclusion of the Battle of Normandy. When the First Canadian Army approached at the end of August, the garrison withdrew, not desiring to enter into battle for the port.
Post-war
Geography
Dieppe belongs to the Pays de Caux, lying along the Alabaster Coast in the region of Normandy. It is located on the Channel coast, north of Rouen at the mouth of the river Arques and lies east of the mouth of the river Scie.
Climate
Climate data for Dieppe (1981–2010 averages) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 16.4 (61.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
23.8 (74.8) |
27.6 (81.7) |
31.9 (89.4) |
35.4 (95.7) |
40.1 (104.2) |
36.1 (97.0) |
32.7 (90.9) |
27.4 (81.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
40.1 (104.2) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.5 (45.5) |
7.9 (46.2) |
10.3 (50.5) |
12.3 (54.1) |
15.4 (59.7) |
17.9 (64.2) |
20.1 (68.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
15.6 (60.1) |
11.1 (52.0) |
7.9 (46.2) |
13.8 (56.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.2 (41.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
9.1 (48.4) |
12.2 (54.0) |
14.9 (58.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
17.4 (63.3) |
15.4 (59.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
5.6 (42.1) |
10.9 (51.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
2.6 (36.7) |
4.5 (40.1) |
5.8 (42.4) |
9.0 (48.2) |
11.8 (53.2) |
13.9 (57.0) |
14.0 (57.2) |
11.9 (53.4) |
9.4 (48.9) |
6.0 (42.8) |
3.4 (38.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
Record low °C (°F) | −16.4 (2.5) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−9.4 (15.1) |
−3 (27) |
0.0 (32.0) |
1.8 (35.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
4.6 (40.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−8 (18) |
−11 (12) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 65.8 (2.59) |
51.5 (2.03) |
56.7 (2.23) |
56.6 (2.23) |
60.6 (2.39) |
58.6 (2.31) |
54.7 (2.15) |
57.0 (2.24) |
69.9 (2.75) |
89.8 (3.54) |
89.2 (3.51) |
87.8 (3.46) |
798.2 (31.43) |
Average precipitation days | 12.3 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 9.3 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 10.3 | 12.4 | 13.6 | 13.4 | 130.5 |
Average snowy days | 2.1 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 8.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
85 | 84 | 82 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 83 | 82 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 85 | 83.3 |
Source 1: Météo France[9][10] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity and snowy days, 1961–1990)[11] |
Toponymy
Mentioned as Deppae in 1015–1029, Dieppa in 1030, then in the 12th century: Deppa, Deupa and Diopa.[12]
From Old English dēop or Old Norse djúpr "deep", same meaning.[13] The Nominalization from an Old English or Norse adjective, being unusual, dēop / djúpr could be followed by the Old English word ǣ / ea or Old Norse á "stream, river" (cf. Djúpá, river in Iceland).[14]
The same adjective can be recognized in other place-names like Dieppedalle (f. e. Saint-Vaast-Dieppedalle) and Dipdal in Normandy, which is the same as Deepdale in Great Britain.
The stream running through Dieppe was called Tella in
Heraldry
The arms of Dieppe are blazoned: Per pale azure and gules, a 3-masted ship sails furled argent.
|
Historical images of Dieppe
-
View of Dieppe's Grandquai
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J. M. W. Turner, The Harbor of Dieppe, 1826
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Walter Sickert, The Basket Shop, Rue St Jean, Dieppe, c. 1911 - 1912, Aberdeen Art Gallery
-
Georges Boillot winning the 1912 French Grand Prix in Dieppe
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Carl Spitzweg's painting Frauenbad in Dieppe III
-
Frits Thaulow's Fra Dieppe med elven Arques (From Dieppe with the river Arques)
-
Ernst Oppler At the beach (c. 1912)
-
Nicolae Vermont's painting View of Dieppe's beach (1929)
-
The castle in the 1890s
-
Aerial photograph taken in June, 1945
-
Au Val Saint-Nicolas près Dieppe by Claude Monet. Painted 1897. Private collection.
Population
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Source: EHESS[15] and INSEE (1968-2017)[16] |
Sights
The castle, Château de Dieppe, which survived the 1694 bombardment, is now a museum and exhibition space, with a strong maritime collection. A rich collection of 17th- and 18th-century ivory carvings, including lacy folding fans, for which Dieppe was known, and the furnishings and papers of Camille Saint-Saëns. The castle's interior courtyard is picturesque.
At the Square du Canada, near the castle in a park at the western end of the Esplanade, there is a monument erected by the town commemorating the long relationship between Dieppe and Canada. The events recorded begin with the early 16th century, and culminate with the Dieppe Raid and the liberation of Dieppe by Canadians on September 1, 1944. The base of the monument is inscribed with the words "nous nous souvenons" ("we remember"). Above the monument, the Flag of Canada is flown side by side with that of France.
The Notre-Dame-de-Bon-Secours Chapel of Dieppe stands on the coast.
Some of the Canadian soldiers who were killed are buried in the Dieppe Canadian War Cemetery, in the commune of Saint-Aubin-sur-Scie south-west of Dieppe.
-
Château-musée de Dieppe
-
Château-musée
-
The harbour
-
The waterfront
Various buildings and sights include:
- The small municipal theatre, reopened in 2002: the small municipal theater (1900) has been listed in the supplementary inventory of historic monuments since 1990. It has a Louis XV rockery with gilding style. Its Italian-style theatre, built by the engineer Frissard, was donated by the Duchess of Berry to the municipality in 1826. Rebuilt in 190[clarification needed] and enlarged with a foyer facing the sea, it is contemporary with the Moorish casino and is one of the last vestiges of the time when Dieppe attracted the European aristocracy and upper middle class. Damaged during the Second World War, its facades were covered in cement in the 1960s. The theater was closed in 1961. The theater has been a source of political controversy, especially in 2007 when a rehabilitation project was proposed by the municipal majority at the time but fought by the local opposition.
- The casino, inaugurated in 1961 in the presence of Robert Buron, Minister of Public Works, Transport and Tourism, succeeds the Moorish casino and the Art Deco casino of the 1930s. It is mainly located on the site of the former Villa Rachel which was demolished to allow its construction. It has a remarkable architecture.
- L'Estran Cité de la mer, an associative center for scientific and technical culture on the theme of the Upper Normandy coast, presents over 1,600 m2 of exhibition space, shipbuilding, fishing techniques, the coastal environment and fauna of the English Channel.
- The underground aqueduct, also called the aqueduct of the blue source, is a gravity aqueduct which was drilled in the 16th century by the engineer Toustain under the plateau of Janval. Over 6.7 km, it once brought water from an abundant source located in Petit-Appeville to the city, and is still used in 2022 for the electricity and telecommunications networks.
- The water tower, in the Vertus district at the entrance to the city of Dieppe, was built in 1971 by the architect Herbelin. It has been decorated since 1973 with a polychrome fresco by Victor Vasarely, made up of orange and black diamonds on a blue background.
- A new seaside resort inaugurated on May 15, 2007, contains an outdoor seawater swimming pool, several indoor leisure pools and a thalassotherapy center.
- A Canadian military cemetery is present in Dieppe.
Transport
.Dieppe has a ferry port with direct services to the
Current services
- DFDS Seaways (Newhaven: two sailings daily)
Former services
- Hoverspeed (Newhaven: three sailings daily). Withdrawn in 2004.
- P&O Stena Line (Newhaven: three sailings daily). Withdrawn in 1999.
Administration
The current mayor of Dieppe is Nicolas Langlois. A member of the French Communist Party, he was elected in 2017, and re-elected in 2020.
Economy
Historically a major fishing hub, it is still home to a large
Sport
The town is home to FC Dieppe, one of the oldest football clubs in the country having been founded in 1896.
International relations
Dieppe is
- Brighton, United Kingdom
- Dieppe, New Brunswick, Canada
Notable people
- Jean Ango (1480–1551), ship owner, provided ships to Francis I of France
- Jean Parmentier (1494–1529), navigator, cartographer and poet
- Jean Cousin (15th century), Normand navigator
- Jean Ribault (1520–1565), French navigator and corsaire Protestant[18]
- Pierre de Chauvin de Tonnetuit, (ca.1550–1603), naval and military captain and Huguenot trader at Honfleur
- Salomon de Caus (1576–1626), Huguenot engineer
- Isaac de Caus (1590–1648), landscaper and architect, worked in London
- Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan (ca.1600–1673), French-Polish cartographer, engineer and architect
- St. Antoine Daniel SJ, (1601–1648), Jesuit missionary, martyr and saint
- Jean Asselin (ca.1610–1652), a Dutch Golden Agepainter and drawer
- Abraham Duquesne (1610–1688), general lieutenant of the French Navy[19]
- asceticalwriter
- Jean Pecquet (1622–1674), physiologist, wrote on psychology and investigated the thoracic duct
- Charles le Moyne de Longueuil et de Châteauguay, (1626–1685), colonist of New France, first lord of Longueuil
- Richard Simon (1638–1712), priest, biblical critic, orientalist and historian[20]
- Jean Mauger (1648–1712), an ivory engraver and medallist
- Antoine-Augustin Bruzen de La Martinière (1662–1746), polymath, map-writer and scientist
- Gabriel de Clieu (ca.1687–1774), naval officer and the governor of Guadeloupe
- St. New York State
- Vieux Carré at New Orleans
- Joseph Lavallée (1747–1816), poet, journalist and novelist
- François-Antoine-Henri Descroizilles(1751–1825), chemist
- Antoine Louis Albitte (1761–1812), Revolutionary politician
- Jean-Louis Albitte (1763–1825), politician, "Albitte the younger"
- Antoine Année (1770–1846), playwright and journalist
- Mary Anne Atwood (1817–1910), an English writer on hermeticism and spiritual alchemy
- Bruno Braquehais (1823–1875), photographer, worked in Paris
- Albert Réville (1826–1906), Protestant theologian with 'extremist' liberal views[21]
- Victor Langlois(1829–1869), historian, archaeologist, professor, numismatist and orientalist
- Maude Valérie White (1855–1937), English composer and songwriter
- Emmanuel Louis Masqueray (1861–1917), Franco-American architect
- Ernest Henri Dubois (1863–1930), sculptor
- Louis Valtat (1869–1952), painter and printmaker associated with the Fauves
- André Alerme (1877–1960), film actor from 1931 to 1952
- Louis de Broglie (1892–1987), Nobel Prize–winning physicist, contributed to quantum theory
- Mary Odette (1901–1987), silent film actress
- Yvonne Lephay-Belthoise (1914–2011), virtuoso violinist
- Valérie Lemercier (born 1964), actress, screenwriter, director and singer
- Olivier Frébourg (born 1965), journalist, writer and publisher
- Thomas Pesquet (born 1978), astronaut, aerospace engineer and pilot
Sport
- Albert Clément (1883–1907), motor racing driver
- Alpinecar factory
- Jéhan Le Roy (1923–1992), equestrian, team bronze medallist at the 1960 Summer Olympics
- Jean-Paul Villain (born 1946), steeplechase runner
- Emmanuel Petit (born 1970), former footballer with 385 club caps and 63 with France
- Laurent Capet (born 1972), volleyball player
See also
References
Notes
- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 6 June 2023.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ "Narrative of Le Moyne – TheNewWorld.us". TheNewWorld.us. 24 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-12-11. Retrieved 2011-10-09.
- ^ Assemblée Provinciale (ROUEN, Généralité de) (1787). Procès-verbal des séances de l'Assemblée Provinciale de la ... p. 36. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
M.Nile - Maire de Dieppe.
- ^ Hard, Alex (August 15, 2017). "Dieppe Raid". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10.
- ^ "A New Look at the Dieppe Raid - Canada's History". Archived from the original on 2021-05-09. Retrieved 2021-05-08.
- ^ Stacey C.P., Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War, Volume III The Victory Campaign
- ^ fr:Dieppe (Nouveau-Brunswick)
- ^ "Données climatiques de la station de Dieppe" (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved January 7, 2016.
- ^ "Climat Haute-Normandie" (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original on December 17, 2019. Retrieved January 7, 2016.
- ^ "Normes et records 1981–2010: Dieppe (76) – altitude 33m" (in French). Infoclimat. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2021.
- ^ François de Beaurepaire, Les noms des communes et anciennes paroisses de la Seine-Maritime, éditions Picard 1979. p. 67.
- ^ a b Beaurepaire 67
- ^ Jean Renaud, Vikings et noms de lieux de Normandie, OREP éditions, Cully, 2009, p. 40.
- ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Dieppe, EHESS (in French).
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968 Archived 2022-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, INSEE
- ^ "Ship Overview | Dieppe to Newhaven | DFDS". DFDS A/S. Retrieved 2023-09-24.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XX (9th ed.). 1886. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 691. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 130–131. .
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 224. .
Bibliography
- "Dieppe", A Handbook for Travellers in France (8th ed.), London: John Murray, 1861, OL 24627024M
- "Dieppe", Northern France (3rd ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1899, OL 24872324M
- Cowsill, Miles; Hendy, John (1994). Newhaven-Dieppe: The Car Ferry Era. Kilgetty, Pembrokeshire: Ferry Publications. ISBN 1871947200.
- Pakenham, Simona. Pigtails and Pernod, London: Macmillan, 1961.
- Pakenham, Simona. Sixty Miles from England: The English at Dieppe 1814-1914, London: Macmillan, 1967.
External links
- A tragedy in Dieppe with Oscar Wilde The importance of being Sebastian - in Dieppe - Normandy Then and Now
- Dieppe Town Council website
- Gare Maritime Photographs
- Texts on Wikisource:
- "Dieppe". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
- "Dieppe". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
- "Dieppe". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.