Earl of Ulster
Earldom of Ulster | |
---|---|
Creation date | 1928 |
Creation | Second |
Created by | George V |
Peerage | Peerage of the United Kingdom |
First holder | Hugh de Lacy |
Present holder | Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester |
Heir apparent | Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster |
Status | Extant |
The title of Earl of Ulster has been created six times in the Peerage of Ireland and twice in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Since 1928, the title has been held by the Duke of Gloucester and is used as a courtesy title by the Duke's eldest son, currently Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster. The wife of the Earl of Ulster is known as the Countess of Ulster. Ulster, one of the four traditional provinces of Ireland, consists of nine counties: six of these make up Northern Ireland; the remainder are in the Republic of Ireland.
History
Though Ulster covers one-sixth of Ireland, making it among the largest land grants in Ireland, De Courcy began aggressively seizing more land in Ireland without permission, drawing the ire of
De Courcy's lands and title were forfeited, and de Lacy was created the Earl of Ulster with the transfer of de Courcy's rights. The creation specifically granted Hugh de Lacy the right to everything John de Courcy possessed on the day of the battle, with the exception of the churches, which remained with the Crown:[4]
"The King to Meyler Fitz Henry, &c. and the Barons of Ireland, &c.
Know ye, that we have given and granted to Hugh de Lascy, for his homage and service, the land of Ulster, with the appurtenances, to have and to hold as John de Curcy held the same the day on which the same Hugh overcame him in the field, or on the day preceding: SAVING however to us the crosses of the same land. And know ye, that we do retain with us the aforesaid Hugh, and are leading him with us in our service; and therefore to you we command that his land and all his you preserve, maintain and defend as our demesne. Witness myself, at Windsor, the 2nd day of May." —Rotuli Litterarum Patentium in Turri Londinensi asservati 6 John[4]
An additional grant the following year confirmed granted to him the "whole land of Ulster" et hæredibus suis (with remainder to his heirs). He died in 1243, leaving only one legitimate daughter, Lady Maud de Lacy. Upon her marriage to Walter de Burgh, Lord of Connaught in 1264, de Burgh was created Earl of Ulster in right of his wife.[3][7][8][9]
The
After the death of
The title of Earl of Ulster has subsequently been recreated six times for members of the Royal Family. The current incarnation of the title dates to 31 March 1928, when
Earls Palatine of Ulster (1181)
- Sir John de Courcy, forfeit 1204[3]
Earl of Ulster, Peerage of Ireland, First Creation (1205)
- Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster (1176–1243)
Earls of Ulster, Peerage of Ireland, Second Creation (1264)
- Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster (died 1271)
- Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster (1259–1326)
- John de Burgh (died 1313), heir apparent to the earldom
- William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster (1312–1333)
- Elizabeth de Burgh, Duchess of Clarence, 4th Countess of Ulster (1332–1363)
- m. Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, jure uxorisEarl of Ulster (1338–1368)
- m.
- Philippa, Countess of March, 5th Countess of Ulster (1355–1382)
- Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March and 6th Earl of Ulster (1374–1398)
- Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March and 7th Earl of Ulster (1391–1425)
- Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York, 8th Earl of Ulster (1411–1460)
- Edward of York, 4th Duke of York, 9th Earl of Ulster(1442–1483), merged in crown 1461
Earl of Ulster, Peerage of Ireland, Third Creation (1659)
- James Stuart, Duke of York and Albany (1633–1701), merged in crown 1685
Earl of Ulster, Peerage of Ireland, Fourth Creation (1716)
Earl of Ulster, Peerage of Ireland, Fifth Creation (1760)
- Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany (1739–1767)
Earl of Ulster, Peerage of Ireland, Sixth Creation (1784)
- Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (1763–1827)
Earl of Ulster, Peerage of the United Kingdom, First Creation (1866)
- Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh (1844–1900)
Earls of Ulster, Peerage of the United Kingdom, Second Creation (1928)
- Prince Henry, 1st Duke of Gloucester (1900–1974)
- Prince Richard, 2nd Duke of Gloucester (born 1944)
- Alexander Windsor (born 1974), Prince Richard's only son, is the heir-apparent to the dukedom, and as such uses "Earl of Ulster" as a courtesy title. Alexander is married to Dr Claire Booth, known as the Countess of Ulster. They have two children: Xan Windsor (born 2007) and Cosima Windsor (born 2010).[11]
Family trees
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See also
- Hiberno-Normandynasty founded in 1193
- Lord of the Glens
- Twescard
References
- ^ Burke, Bernard (1884). The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time. University of California Libraries. London : Harrison & sons.
- ^ Doyle, James William Edmund (1886). The Official Baronage of England. Longmans, Green. p. 469. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ a b c Berry, MRIA, Major R.G. (January 1906). "The Whites of Dufferin and their Connection". Ulster Journal of Archaeology. XII (1). Ulster Archaeological Society: 122. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ a b c d Lynch, William (1830). A View of the legal institutions, honorary hereditary offices, and Feudal Baronies, established in Ireland, during the reign of Henry II., etc. pp. 144–145. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ "On the Account of the Life and Acts of Saint Patrick". Archaeologia Scotica: Transactions of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland: 250. 1822.
- ^ O'Clery, Michael (1845). "The annals of Ireland, tr. from the orig. Irish of the Four masters by O. Connellan": 31.
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(help) - ^ a b Banks, Thomas Christopher (1843). Baronia Anglica Concentrata. p. 206. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ Burke, John (1846). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, extinct, dormant, and in abeyance. Henry Colburn. p. PA300. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ O'Donovan, John (1856). Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland. Hodges, Smith and Company. p. 393. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ^ "Recent Booklplates". Journal of the Ex Libris Society. VI (1). A. & C. Black: 138. January 1896.
- ^ Burack, Emily. "Meet the Children of Prince Richard, the Duke of Gloucester". Town & Country. Retrieved 17 December 2023.