Geras
| Geras | |
|---|---|
Personification of Old age | |
Nyx[2] | |
| Equivalents | |
| Roman equivalent | Senectus |
In
Mythology
According to Hesiod, Geras is one of the many sons and daughters that the night goddess Nyx produced parthenogenetically.[3] However, both Hyginus and Cicero add Erebus, Nyx's consort, as his father.[4][5]
In the myth of Tithonus, the mortal prince received immortality, but not agelessness, from the gods so when old age came to him he kept aging and shrinking but never dying. In the end his divine lover Eos turned Tithonus into a cicada.[6] In several ancient Greek vases Geras is depicted fighting Heracles, although no relevant written myth survives. Geras is presented as an old, wrinkled bald man begging for mercy.[7]
Function
Geras as embodied in humans represented a virtue: the more gēras a man acquired, the more kleos (fame) and arete (excellence and courage) he was considered to have. In ancient Greek literature, the related word géras (γέρας) can also carry the meaning of influence, authority or power; especially that derived from fame, good looks and strength claimed through success in battle or contest. Such uses of this meaning can be found in Homer's Odyssey, throughout which there is an evident concern from the various kings about the géras they will pass to their sons through their names.[9] The concern is significant because kings at this time (such as Odysseus) are believed to have ruled by common assent in recognition of their powerful influence, rather than hereditarily.[10][11] The Greek word γῆρας (gĕras) means "old age" or in some other literature "dead skin" or "slough of a snake"; this word is the root of English words such as "geriatric".[12]
See also
mythology portal
ancient Greece portal
- Cumaean Sibyl
- Geras, Mortal Kombatcharacter
- Elli, Norse personification of old age
- Gerascophobia
Notes
- Hyginus, Fabulae Preface; Cicero, De Natura Deorum3.17
- ^ Hesiod, Theogony 225
- ^ Hesiod, Theogony 225
- Hyginus, Fabulae Preface
- ^ Cicero, De Natura Deorum 3.17
- ISBN 9781469627403.)
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana 5.4
- ^ "The Internet Classics Archive | The Odyssey by Homer". classics.mit.edu. Retrieved 2019-07-04.
- ^ For an example of this, see Homer, The Odyssey, 24.33-34
- JSTOR 4434948.
- ^ "Definition of GERIATRIC". Merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
References
- Gaius Julius Hyginus, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Hesiod, Theogony from The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
- Marcus Tullius Cicero, Nature of the Gods from the Treatises of M.T. Cicero translated by Charles Duke Yonge (1812-1891), Bohn edition of 1878. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Marcus Tullius Cicero, De Natura Deorum. O. Plasberg. Leipzig. Teubner. 1917. Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.