Aeacus
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Aeacus ( in building the walls of Troy.
He had sanctuaries in Athens and Aegina, and the Aeginetan festival of the Aeacea (Αἰάκεια) was celebrated in his honour.
Mythology
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Birth and early days
Aeacus was born on the island of Oenone or Oenopia, where his mother Aegina had been carried by Zeus to secure her from the anger of her parents; afterward, this island became known as
These legends seem to be a mythical account of the colonization of Aegina, which seems to have been originally inhabited by Pelasgians, and afterwards received colonists from Phthiotis, the seat of the Myrmidons, and from Phlius on the Asopus. While he reigned in Aegina, Aeacus was renowned in all Greece for his justice and piety, and was frequently called upon to settle disputes not only among men, but even among the gods themselves.[7][8] He was such a favourite with the latter, that when Greece was visited by a drought as a consequence of a murder that had been committed, the oracle of Delphi declared that the calamity would not cease unless Aeacus prayed to the gods to end it.[1][9] Aeacus prayed, and as a result, the drought ceased. Aeacus then demonstrated his gratitude by erecting a temple to Zeus Panhellenius on Mount Panhellenion,[10] and afterward, the Aeginetans built a sanctuary on their island called Aeaceum, which was a square temple enclosed by walls of white marble. Aeacus was believed in later times to be buried under the altar of this sacred enclosure.[11]
Later adventures
A legend preserved in Pindar relates that Apollo and Poseidon took Aeacus as their assistant in building the walls of Troy.[12] When the work was completed, three dragons rushed against the wall, and though the two that attacked the sections of the wall built by the gods fell down dead, the third forced its way into the city through the portion of the wall built by Aeacus. Thereafter, Apollo prophesied that Troy would fall at the hands of Aeacus's descendants, the Aeacidae (i.e. his sons Telamon and Peleus joined Heracles when he sieged the city during Laomedon's rule. Later, his great-grandson Neoptolemus was present in the wooden horse).
Aeacus was also believed by the Aeginetans to have surrounded their island with high cliffs in order to protect it against
In the afterlife
After his death, Aeacus became one of the three judges in Hades (along with his
In The Frogs (405 BC) by Aristophanes, Dionysus descends to Hades and proclaims himself to be Heracles. Aeacus, lamenting the fact that Heracles had stolen Cerberus, sentences Dionysus to Acheron to be tormented by the hounds of Cocytus, the Echidna, the Tartesian eel, and Tithrasian Gorgons.
Family
Aeacus was the son of
Family tree of Aeacidae
Aeacus king of Aegina ∞ 1.Endeïs oread of mount Pelion 2.Psamathe (Nereid) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Phocus of Aegina | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deidamia (mythology) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trambelus | Neoptolemus/Pyrrhus king of Epirus ∞ Andromache | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molossus king of Epirus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
- Chinvat Bridge, the bridge of the dead in Persian cosmology
- Sraosha, Mithra and Rashnu, guardians and judges of souls in Zoroastrian tradition
Notes
- ^ a b c d Apollodorus, 3.12.6.
- ^ a b Smith, s.v. Aeacus
- ^ a b Compare Plato, Gorgias 524a
- ^ a b c Scholia on Homer, Iliad 13.694
- ^ a b Roman, L., & Roman, M. (2010). Encyclopedia of Greek and Roman mythology., p. 12, at Google Books
- ^ Strabo, 8 p. 375
- ^ Pindar, Isthmian Odes 8.48
- ^ Pausanias, 1.39.5
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, 4.60.61
- ^ Pausanias, 2.30.4
- ^ a b Pausanias, 2.29.6
- ^ Pindar, Olympian Odes 8.39
- ^ Pausanias, 2.29.5
- ^ Ovid, Metamorphoses 7.506 & 9.435
- ^ Ovid, Metamorphoses 13.25
- Carmen Saeculare2.13.22
- ^ Plato, Gorgias 524a
- ^ Isocrates, Evagoras 15
- ^ Pindar, Isthmian Odes 7.47
- ^ Hesychius s.v.
- ^ Scholia ad Pindar, Nemean Odes 13.155
- ^ Pindar, Nemean Odes 8.22
- ^ Pythaenetos, quoting the scholiast on Pindar, Olympian Odes 9.107
- ^ Smith, s.v. Aeacus. Compare Plato, Gorgias 524a.
- ^ Smith, William, ed. (1867). "Aeacides". A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. Vol. 1. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. p. 22.
References
- Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
- Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History translated by Charles Henry Oldfather. Twelve volumes. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site
- Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pindar, Odes translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Pindar, The Odes of Pindar including the Principal Fragments with an Introduction and an English Translation by Sir John Sandys, Litt.D., FBA. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1937. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Publius Ovidius Naso, Metamorphoses translated by Brookes More (1859-1942). Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Publius Ovidius Naso, Metamorphoses. Hugo Magnus. Gotha (Germany). Friedr. Andr. Perthes. 1892. Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Smith, William, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London (1873). Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Strabo, The Geography of Strabo. Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
- Strabo, Geographica edited by A. Meineke. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
Further reading
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Aeacus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.
External links
- Media related to Aeacus at Wikimedia Commons
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