iPhone 4

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iPhone 4
EV-DO Rev. A (800, 1,900 MHz)
Data inputsMulti-touch touchscreen display
Dual microphone
3-axis gyroscope
3-axis accelerometer
Digital compass
Proximity sensor
Ambient light sensor
SARModel A1332 Head: 1.17 W/kg
Body: 1.11 W/kg[6]
Model A1349 Head: 1.18 W/kg
Body: 0.87 W/kg[7]
Hearing aid compatibilityGSM
3G 850/1,900 MHz M4, T4
2G 850 MHz M3, T3
2G 1,900 MHz M2, T3
CDMA M4, T4
WebsiteApple – iPhone 4 – Video calls, multitasking, HD Video, and more at the Wayback Machine (archived October 14, 2010)

The iPhone 4 is a

CDMA networks, ending AT&T
's period as the exclusive carrier of iPhone products in the United States.

The iPhone 4 received a largely positive reception, with critics praising its revamped design and more powerful hardware, in comparison to previous models. While it was a market success (with over 600,000 pre-orders within 24 hours), the release of the iPhone 4 was plagued by highly publicized reports concerning abnormalities in its new antenna design that caused the device to lose its cellular signal if held in a certain way. Most direct contact with the phone's outer edge would cause a significant decrease in signal strength. Apple released iOS 4.0.1 to try to fix these issues, but were unsuccessful.[11]

The iPhone 4 spent the longest time as Apple's flagship iPhone model at fifteen months. Although the succeeding 4S was announced in October 2011, the 4 continued to be sold as a midrange model until September 2012, and thereafter as the entry-level offering in Apple's lineup until September 2013 with the announcement of the

developing countries
until early 2015.

History

Prototypes

Before the official unveiling of the iPhone 4 on June 7, 2010, two prototypes were brought to the attention of the media, breaching Apple's normally secretive development process. Many of the speculations regarding technical specifications proved accurate.

Engadget leak

On January 27, 2010, gadget website Engadget received leaked images of the unreleased first-generation iPad.[12] Unbeknownst to the editors and readers, these images contained two unreleased iPhone 4 models.[13] It wasn't until the subsequent Gizmodo release that they were aware of the complete contents of the images.[14]

Gizmodo leak

On April 19, 2010, gadget website Gizmodo reported that they had purchased an iPhone prototype for $5000, and furthermore, had conducted a product teardown of the device. The prototype was reported to have been lost by an Apple employee, Gray Powell, in Redwood City, California.[15] Shortly after Gizmodo published detailed information about the prototype, Apple's legal associates formally requested for the phone to be returned to Apple, and Gizmodo responded with the intent to cooperate.[16]

On April 23, officers from the Rapid Enforcement Allied Computer Team (REACT) task force of the California

District Attorney stated that the investigation was suspended, and discontinued searching through the Gizmodo editor's belongings as they determine whether the shield laws are applicable, and cautioned that no charges have been issued at this point.[19][20]

Taoviet leak

Pictures and video of a second prototype were published on a Vietnamese website, Taoviet, on May 12, 2010.[21] It was almost identical to the first, and used an A4 chip manufactured by Apple.[22] The website purchased the prototype for $4,000.[23] DigiTimes reported that the screen resolution of the new phone was 960-by-640, which was confirmed by Apple at the iPhone 4's official announcement.

Release

Steve Jobs presenting the iPhone 4 in 2010

The iPhone 4 was available for pre-order on June 15, 2010.

SoftBank, Apple's exclusive partners in the United States and Japan respectively, who suspended advance sales of the iPhone 4 as demand threatened to exceed supply.[26] Retail stores were also unable to complete pre-order transactions due to the servers crashing.[27]

Apple and its partner carriers received 600,000 pre-orders for the iPhone 4 in the first 24 hours, the largest number of pre-orders Apple had received in a single day for any device up to that point.[28] Engadget reported that at 20:30 UTC, all iPhone 4 pre-order suppliers had sold out.[29] 1.7 million iPhone 4 models were sold in its first three days of availability.[30]

The iPhone 4 was also released through

KT on September 10. In Israel, it was released, too, on September 24, through Cellcom, Pelephone and Orange. It was launched in Thailand on September 23 by AIS, DTAC and True Move, and in Malaysia on September 26 in Kuala Lumpur, and nationwide on September 27 according to the Malaysian service provider Maxis
.

The iPhone 4 was released in South Africa on September 22 on the Vodacom and MTN networks, in very limited quantities.[34] The iPhone 4 was launched in Vietnam on September 30 on VinaPhone and Viettel, at first in 3 major cities: Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and Da Nang, and then all over the country by the end of October.

The iPhone 4 was launched in India on May 27, 2011 by Aircel and Airtel.[35]

On January 11, 2011,

hotspot, with up to five devices connecting at one time. The February 3, 2011, presale of the iPhone 4 broke Verizon's first day sales records for a single device.[39]

On June 24, 2010, Apple stated that the white iPhone 4 models were proving more "challenging to manufacture" than expected, and initially pushed the release date back to the second half of July.[40] There was a lot of speculation surrounding the delay of the white iPhone 4. Among the most popular rumours are those concerning the phone's internal camera being adversely affected by light leaking in due to the semi-translucent glass and the white paint.[41][42] Other sources report that the problem relates to Apple's inability to match the white colour of the front faceplate with that of the home button.[43] On April 27, 2011, Apple announced that it would be releasing the white iPhone 4 model on April 28, 2011, for both GSM and CDMA.[44] The release of the white iPhone 4 was carried out on April 28.[45][46]

During Apple's official unveiling of the

Sprint would begin carrying the CDMA iPhone 4 and the iPhone 4S in the US on October 14.[47][48]

Discontinuation

In September 2013, after the release of the

iPhone 5C, Apple stopped selling the iPhone 4 in most of their stores as well as on their website. It was replaced by the 8 GB iPhone 4S.[49][50][51]

Hardware

Display

The display of the iPhone 4 was manufactured by

arcseconds per pixel[52] is the maximum amount of detail that the human retina can perceive.[53]
With the iPhone expected to be used at a distance of about 12 inches from the eyes, a higher resolution would allegedly have no effect on the image's apparent quality as the maximum potential of the human eye has already been met.

This claim was widely disputed. Raymond Soneira, president of DisplayMate Technologies, said in an interview with the Wired magazine, that his claims by Jobs are something of an exaggeration: "It is reasonably close to being a perfect display, but Steve pushed it a little too far". Soneira stated that the resolution of the human retina is higher than claimed by Apple, working out to 477 PPI at 12 inches (305 mm) from the eyes, or 36 arcseconds per pixel.[54]

However, Phil Plait, author of Bad Astronomy, whose career includes a collaboration with NASA regarding the camera on the Hubble Space Telescope, responded to the criticism by stating that "if you have [better than 20/20] eyesight, then at one foot away the iPhone 4's pixels are resolved. The picture will look pixellated. If you have average eyesight, the picture will look just fine".[55][56]

Camera

The iPhone 4 is the first iPhone model to have two cameras. The LED flash for the rear-facing camera (top) and the forward-facing camera (bottom, left of the speaker) are not present in older models.

The iPhone 4 features an additional front-facing 640x480 camera, and a backside-illuminated 5

LED flash. The rear-facing 5-megapixel camera is capable of recording HD video in 720p at 30 frames per second. Both cameras make use of the tap to focus feature, part of iOS 4, for photo and video recording.[58] The rear-facing camera has a 5× digital zoom
.

Connectivity

In contrast to Steve Jobs' announcement at WWDC 2010,

Infineon
for GSM version.

As with most of Apple's mobile products at the time, the iPhone 4 also used the

30 pin dock connector
as its only external data port.

The iPhone 4 is the first generation of iPhone to have a second

noise cancellation. It is located on the top of the unit near the headphone jack; the main microphone is on the bottom left.[61]

Gyroscope and accelerometer

The iPhone 4 introduces a

original iPhone, which detects the device's acceleration, shake, vibration shock, or fall by detecting linear acceleration along with one of three axes (X, Y, and Z). The combined data from the accelerometer and the gyroscope provides detailed and precise information about the device's 6-axis movement in space. The 3 axes of the gyroscope combined with the 3 axes of the accelerometer enable the device to recognize approximately how far, fast, and in which direction it has moved in space.[62]

Processor, memory and storage

Apple A4 chip used in the iPhone 4

The iPhone 4 is powered by the

heat dissipation
.

The iPhone 4 has 512 MB of

DRAM. The additional DRAM supports increased performance and multi-tasking.[66] As on prior models, all data is stored in flash memory
, 8, 16 or 32 GB, and not on the SIM. Unlike prior generations, the storage capacity is not printed on the back of the unit.

Micro-SIM

An iPhone 4 A1332 with a micro-SIM card removed with a paper clip, showing its SIM card compartment

The GSM iPhone 4 uses a

mini-SIM cards. Depending on the operator, micro-SIM cards may not be available for all networks globally. As a technical workaround, it is possible to trim a mini-SIM card with a knife or scissors so that it fits into the micro-SIM tray.[67]

Design

The iPhone 4 is constructed of glass faces and a metal rim.

The iPhone 4 features a redesigned structure, designed by

utilitarianism and uniformity of existing Apple products, such as the iPad and the iMac. The overall dimensions of the iPhone 4 have been reduced from their predecessor.[68]

It is 115 millimetres (4.5 in) high, 58.6 millimetres (2.31 in) wide, and 9.4 millimetres (0.37 in) deep, compared to the iPhone 3GS, which is 116 millimetres (4.6 in) high, 62 millimetres (2.4 in) wide, and 12 millimetres (0.47 in) deep; making the iPhone 4 24% thinner than its predecessor, the iPhone 3GS. Steve Jobs claimed it to be "the thinnest smartphone on the planet."[68] The reduced size of the device is primarily due to the externally placed antenna.

The iPhone 4 is structured around a

UMTS
connectivity.

On the CDMA version of the phone, there are four slits in the metal band. Two at the top (on the left and right) and two at the bottom. This divides the metal band into four different segments, which like the GSM version of the phone, serve as different antennas for connectivity. The top portion of the band (divided by the top left and right slits) is for connecting to the

CDMA
network. The left portion of the metal band is for Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and GPS just like the GSM version. The right side is not an antenna but serves to cosmetically mirror the left side and also to create a similar look to the GSM version of the phone.

The internal components are situated between two panels of aluminosilicate glass, described by Apple as being "chemically strengthened to be 20 times stiffer and 30 times harder than plastic," theoretically allowing it to be more scratch-resistant and durable than the prior models.[10]

In fall 2010, pentalobe screws started to replace the Philips screws used in post-repair units in the US and in production units in Japan.[69]

Software

The iPhone 4 shipped with

Mac OS X
users.

The iPhone 4 supports up to iOS 7, released in September 2013. Due to the relatively aged hardware of the iPhone 4, most features available on newer iPhone models are not available on the device; as of iOS 7, they include Siri, 3D maps and turn-by-turn navigation, AirDrop, AirPlay mirroring, live camera filters, panorama mode and certain visual effects introduced by iOS 7, such as the blurring of translucent interface elements, the parallax effect on the home screen, and live wallpapers.[71] While still subject to the same limitations, iOS 7.1 did bring some slight performance improvements to the operating system on the iPhone 4. iOS 7, specifically iOS 7.1.2, is the last version of iOS to support the iPhone 4. Unlike the iPhone 4S, the iPhone 4 did not receive the iOS 8 update due to performance issues.[72][73]

Accessories

Bumper

An iPhone 4 next to its Bumper Case

Apple released a plastic and rubber case called the Bumper to protect the edges of the phone. The case, which also provided some screen protection, included buttons and holes that enabled switch and connector access.[74]

Apple updated the bumper with a wider volume switch hole with the release of the iPhone 4 for CDMA networks. The updated bumper is also compatible with

iPhone 4S
, the next-generation iPhone that has the same exterior design and measurements as the CDMA model of the iPhone 4, but with a SIM card slot as well.

Reception

Pre-release

Pre-release reception was largely positive.

Fox News commented that "seeing it in action is far more informative than staring at Gizmodo's photos of a busted test unit".[76] Rhodri Marsden of The Independent said that "aside from the introduction of face-to-face video calling, it's not a staggering feature set," instead focusing on how the device is "more powerful than its predecessor, speedier, easier to use and will make previously laborious tasks seem like a cinch".[77]

Steve Jobs demonstrating the iPhone 4 to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev on June 23, 2010

CNET reacted to the announcement by explaining how it believes that iMovie for iOS was the "most exciting part of this year's WWDC Keynote". The article noted how the iPhone 4, unlike current cameras, can record HD content and then edit it from the same device, labeling it a "true mobile editing suite".[78]

Reviews

Reviews of the iPhone 4 were largely positive. Walt Mossberg of The Wall Street Journal called the device "the best device in its class".[79] Engadget named it the "best smartphone on the market" in June 2010.[80] CNET gave the iPhone 4 a rating of 8.6 out of 10, one of the highest ratings it had given any smartphone.[81] TechRadar gave the device 4.5/5 stars.[82] Consumer Reports said the signal problem was the reason they did not rate it a "recommended" model, although the other tests ranked it highest among smart phones.[83]

Joshua Topolsky of Engadget described the device's industrial design as being "more detailed and sophisticated" than its predecessor.[80]

Technical problems

Some users reported a yellow discoloration of the screen that disappeared after several days, which was attributed to the glass

white balance were also discovered, particularly when using the flash.[86][87]

Antenna

A girl takes pictures with an iPhone 4, Havana, Cuba, 2015

Shortly after the iPhone 4 was launched, some users reported that signal strength of the phone was reduced when touching the lower left edge of the phone, bridging one of the two locations which separates the two antennas, resulting in dropped calls in some areas with lower signal reception.[88][89][90] In response, Apple issued a statement advising that customers should "avoid gripping [the phone] in the lower left corner" when making or receiving a call.[91] Internally, senior antenna expert Ruben Caballero raised concerns to CEO Steve Jobs that the antenna design could lead to dropped calls.[92]

As a consequence of this problem, it was reported on July 2, 2010 that several iPhone 4 users were planning on suing Apple and AT&T for fraud by concealment, negligence, intentional misrepresentation and defective design. The legal challenge was started by a law firm, who set up a website to recruit disenchanted iPhone 4 buyers for a lawsuit against Apple.[93][94] Later that day, Apple issued another statement stating that it had discovered the cause of the "dramatic drop in bars".[95]

Apple explained how the formula it used to calculate the number of bars to display was "totally wrong". Apple promised to correct the issue and release a software update within a few weeks that would address the "mistake", which had been present since the original

iPhone.[95] The New York Times commented that "the failure to detect this longstanding problem earlier is astonishing."[96]

Consumer Reports initially stated that the iPhone 4's signal issues are not "unique, and may not be serious" and it continued to mention that signal loss is a problem that is faced by the entire smartphone industry. It was such a problem that Apple made a formal apology onstage. The next day, the magazine altered their stance after encountering instances of dropped calls.[97] The magazine rejected Apple's explanation after conducting tests in a controlled environment, and comparing the results against prior generations of iPhone. It sarcastically pointed out that using a piece of tape to cover the lower left antenna gap was one way to fix the problem, but recommended that consumers who "want an iPhone that works well without a masking-tape fix" purchase the iPhone 3GS instead.[83] The magazine also tested the iPhone 4 while it was wearing a Bumper, a frame-like cover sold by Apple that prevents direct contact with the antenna, reporting that it did resolve the problem.[98] CNN repeated Consumer Reports' statement that a small amount of duct tape had proven an effective fix to the iPhone 4's dropped call issue.[99]

On July 16, 2010, at a press conference which included a private tour of Apple's antenna design lab for journalists,

AppleCare which showed that only 0.55 percent of all iPhone 4 users have complained to the company about the issue, while the number of phones returned to Apple was 1.7 percent – 4.3 percentage points less than the number of iPhone 3GS models that were returned in the first month of the phone's launch.[103]

Consumer Reports noted that the solution was not permanent, though a good first step.

PC World decided to remove the iPhone 4 from its "Top 10 Cell Phones" chart and reassign it to a pending rating.[105]

Despite the negative media attention regarding the antenna issues, 72% of iPhone 4 users said that they were "very satisfied" with their iPhone 4 according to an August 2010 survey by ChangeWave Research.[106] The GSM iPhone 4 continued to be sold unchanged until its discontinuation in September 2013, while the CDMA iPhone 4 and all models of the iPhone 4S featured a tweaked antenna design to prevent the issue from happening.

iPhones in space

In 2011, two iPhone 4 units equipped with a special application were taken to the International Space Station aboard the Space Shuttle on the STS-135 mission.[107] The devices were used in various experiments, utilizing sensors and a special app.[107]

See also

Notes

  • ^ The initial release date of June 24, 2010 applies only to the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan.[108]
  • SIM-free iPhone 4 models are only available directly from Apple in United States, Canada, France, Germany[109] and the United Kingdom as of the device's initial release.[110]
  • ^ The Advanced Performance Optimization on iOS, part 2 session.
  • ^ 6 percent of iPhone 3GS models were returned within the first month of the phone being on sale.[103]

Notable Movies Shot With iPhone 4

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External links

Preceded by iPhone 4
4th generation
Succeeded by
iPhone 4S