Cinema of Latin America
Latin American cinema refers collectively to the film output and film industries of Latin America. Latin American film is both rich and diverse, but the main centers of production have been Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. Latin American cinema flourished after the introduction of sound, which added a linguistic barrier to the export of Hollywood film south of the border.
History
The origins of early filmmaking is generally associated with Salvador Toscano Barragán. In 1898 Toscano made Mexico's second film with a plot, titled Don Juan Tenorio. During the Mexican Revolution, Toscano recorded several clips of the battles, which would become a full-length documentary in 1950, assembled by his daughter. Other short films were either created or influenced from French film-makers.
The 1950s and 1960s saw a movement towards Third Cinema, led by the Argentine filmmakers Fernando Solanas and Octavio Getino.
In Colombia, Carlos Mayolo, Luis Ospina and Andrés Caicedo led an alternative movement that was to have lasting influence, founding the Grupo de Cali, which they called Caliwood and producing some films as leading exponents of the "New Latin American Cinema" of the 1960s and 1970s, including Oiga, Vea, The Vampires of Poverty (Ospina) and Carne de tu carne (Mayolo) were produced in the 1980s and belong to a different aesthetics.[3]
Cuban cinema has enjoyed much official support since the Cuban revolution, and important film-makers include Tomás Gutiérrez Alea.
In Argentina, after a series of military governments that shackled culture in general, the industry re-emerged after the
More recently, a new style of directing and stories filmed has been tagged as "New Latin American Cinema," although this label was also used in the 1960s and 1970s.
In Mexico movies such as Como agua para chocolate (1992), Cronos (1993), Amores perros (2000), Y tu mamá también (2001), Pan's Labyrinth (2006) and Babel (2006) have been successful in creating universal stories about contemporary subjects, and were internationally recognised, as in the prestigious Cannes Film Festival. Mexican directors Alejandro González Iñárritu, Alfonso Cuarón (Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban), Guillermo del Toro and screenwriter Guillermo Arriaga have gone on to Hollywood success, with Cuaron and González Iñárritu becoming the only Latin Americans to win both the Academy Award and the Directors Guild of America award for Best Director.
The
.The modern Brazilian film industry has become more profitable inside the country, and some of its productions have received prizes and recognition in Europe and the United States. The comedy film
There is a movement in the US geared towards promoting and exposing audiences to Latin American filmmakers. The New England Festival of Ibero American Cinema - which takes place in Providence, Rhode Island, is a good example.
According to
In Latin America in general, there has been renewed interest in animation ever since the late 2010s Ventana Sur's Animation! and Mexico's Pixelatl festivals have inaugurated the creative potential of animators to an international level. Two of Latin America's biggest animation companies are Mexico’
See also
- Cinema of Argentina
- Cinema of Bolivia
- Cinema of Brazil
- Cinema of Chile
- Cinema of Colombia
- Cinema of Costa Rica
- Cinema of Cuba
- Cinema of Ecuador
- Cinema of Haiti
- Cinema of Mexico
- Cinema of Paraguay
- Cinema of Peru
- Cinema of Puerto Rico
- Cinema of Uruguay
- Cinema of Venezuela
- List of Latin American films
- List of Dominican films
- List of Guatemalan films
- List of Honduran films
- List of Nicaraguan films
- List of Panamanian films
- Latin American art
- Latin literature
- Latin American culture
- World cinema
References
- ^ "Maria Candelaria".
- ^ "Festival de Cannes: O Pagador de Promessas". festival-cannes.com. Archived from the original on 2011-09-15. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
- ^ "Centro Virtual Isaacs - Carlos Mayolo y el innolvidable Caliwood". Archived from the original on 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2010-07-04. Carlos Mayolo y el innolvidable Caliwood (in Spanish)
- ^ "Wild Tales (15)". British Board of Film Classification. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ^ "Perú: PwC: industria cinematográfica crecerá 5,92% anual en Perú al 2023 | NOTICIAS EL COMERCIO PERÚ". El Comercio Perú (in Spanish). 2019-09-09. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
- ^ Hopewell, John (2018-11-27). "Ventana Sur's Animation! Marks Latin America's Toon Surge". Variety. Retrieved 2020-08-25.
- ^ García, Marta (2017-05-11). "The New Wave Of Latin American Animated Features: 10 Films To Watch For". Cartoon Brew. Retrieved 2020-08-25.
Further reading
- Timothy Barnard and Peter Rist (eds.): South American Cinema: A Critical Filmography 1915-1994, Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996
- Julianne Burton (ed.): Cinema and Social Change in Latin America. Conversations with Filmmakers, Austin: University of Texas Press, 1986
- Julianne Burton (ed.): The Social Documentary in Latin America, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990
- Alberto Elena, Marina Diaz Lopez (eds.): The Cinema of Latin America (24 Frames), Columbia Univ Press, 2003, ISBN 1-903364-83-3
- Miriam Haddu, Joanna Page (eds.): Visual Synergies in Fiction and Documentary Film from Latin America, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009
- Stephen M. Hart. A Companion to Latin American Film, Tamesis, 2004
- John King: Magical Reels: A History of Cinema in Latin America, New edition, Verso, 2000, ISBN 1-85984-233-X
- Michael T. Martin (ed.): New Latin American Cinema, Volume 1: Theories, Practices, and Transcontinental Articulations, Wayne State University Press, 1997
- Michael T. Martin (ed.): New Latin American Cinema, Volume 2: Studies of National Cinemas, Wayne State University Press, 1997
- Isabel Maurer Queipo (ed.): Directory of World Cinema: Latin America, intellectbooks, 2013, ISBN 9781841506180
- Zuzana M. Pick. The New Latin American Cinema: A Continental Project, University of Texas Press, 1993
- Paul A. Schroeder Rodriguez. Latin American Cinema: A Comparative History, University of California Press, 2016
- Ronald Schwartz. Latin American Films, 1932-1994: A Critical Filmography, McFarland, 1997
- Deborah Shaw (ed.): Contemporary Latin American Cinema: Breaking Into the Global Market, Rowman & Littlefield, 2007, ISBN 0-7425-3915-6
- Donald F. Stevens (ed.): Based on a True Story: Latin American History at the Movies, Scholarly Resources, 1997, ISBN 0-8420-2781-5
- Ann Marie Stock (ed.): Framing Latin American Cinema: Contemporary Critical Perspectives, University of Minnesota Press, 1997
External links
- New England Festival of Ibero American Cinema
- Top 100 Ibero-American movies of all time
- Latin American Cinema, Centro Virtual Cervantes
- Latineos - Latin America, Caribbean, arts and culture
- [1]
- Brazilian Director Walter Salles talks about his career
- Guide to Spanish Language Movies
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