Malik Dinar
Mālik b. Dīnār, مالك بن دينار | |
|---|---|
 The grave adornment (Mazar) of Malik Dinar | |
| Preacher, Theologian, Mystic, Ascetic | |
| Born | Kufa, Iraq[1] |
| Died | 748 C.E. possibly Thalangara, Kasaragod, Kerala, India |
| Major shrine | Malik Dinar Mosque, Thalangara, Kasaragod, Kerala, India |
| Influences | Ali, Hasan al-Basri |
| Part of a series on Islam Sufism |
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 Islam portal |
Malik Dinar (
tabi'i, Malik is called a reliable traditionalist in Sunni sources. He was the son of a slave from Kabul who became a disciple of Hasan al-Basri.[2][3] He died just before the epidemic of plague which caused considerable ravages in Basra in 748-49 CE, with various traditions placing his death either at 744-45 or 747-48 CE.[5]
Life
Malik, a preacher and moralist of
ḳāṣṣ"[9] or popular orator of religious sermons who admired, in particular, the eloquence of his contemporary al-Ḥaj̲j̲āj̲ "whom he naturally could see at Baṣra."[10]
According to
Sufi ideal of the "inner jihad" (the war against one's own soul)," also finds its original formulation in Malik, who is believed to have said d̲j̲āhidū ahwāʾakum kamā tud̲j̲āhidūn aʿdāʾakum (“fight against your desires just as you fight against your enemies”),[15] in a maxim that would wield considerable influence upon Islamic mystics through the medieval period. Malik also seems to have had an appreciation for the Christian religion, and may have even read parts of the New Testament for spiritual inspiration in imitating the example of Jesus.[16]
Legacy
- Malik Deenar Islamic Academy
- Malik Deenar Mosque
- Malik Deenar Research Congress
See also
- Islam in Kerala
- Mappila
Bibliography
- Ibn Ḳutayba, Maʿārif, 470, 577
- ’Ibn Saʿd, Ṭabaḳāt, vii/2, 11
- Ṭabarī, iii, 281
- Abu ’l-ʿArab, Ṭabaḳāt ʿulamāʾ Ifrīḳiya, ed. and tr. M. Ben Cheneb, Algiers 1915-20, 17
- Makkī, Ḳūt al-ḳulūb, iv, 187
- Nawawī, Tahd̲h̲īb, 537
- Pellat, Milieu, 99-100, 257.
References
- ^ Al-Dhahabi, Siyar a`lam al-nubala', vol. 5, p. 362.
- ^ a b Al-Hujwiri, "Kashf al-Mahjoob", 89
- ^ a b Ibn Nadim, "Fihrist", 1037
- ^ "History". Malik Deenar Grand Juma Masjid. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2011.
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs.
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam
- ^ Ibn al-D̲j̲azarī, Ṭabaḳāt al-ḳurrāʾ , ii, 36
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam.
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam.
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam.
- ^ Buldān , 190, tr. Massé, 231, cited in Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam.
- ^ Ḥilyat al-awliyāʾ , ii, 357-89
- ^ Ṣifat al-ṣafwa , Ḥaydarābād 1356, iii, 197-209
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam.
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam.
- ^ Pellat, Ch., “Mālik b. Dīnār”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam
